Woyimba Arthur (Art) Garfunkel adabadwa pa Novembara 5, 1941 ku Forest Hills, New York kwa Rose ndi Jack Garfunkel. Ataona kuti mwana wake amakonda nyimbo, Jack, yemwe anali wogulitsa woyendayenda, anagulira Garfunkel chojambulira.
Ngakhale pamene anali ndi zaka zinayi zokha, Garfunkel anakhala kwa maola ambiri ndi tepi chojambulira; anaimba, kumvetsera ndi kusintha mawu ake, ndiyeno kujambula kachiwiri. "Zinandipangitsa kuti ndiyambe kuimba nyimbo. Kuimba, ndipo makamaka kutha kujambula, ndizodabwitsa, "akukumbukira.
Ku Forest Hills Elementary School, Art Garfunkel wachinyamata ankadziwika kuti ankaimba nyimbo m'misewu yopanda kanthu komanso kuchita masewero. M’giredi 6, anachita nawo sewero la sukulu "Алиса в стране чудес" pamodzi ndi mnzake wakusukulu Paul Simon.
Simon ankadziwa Garfunkel ngati woimba yemwe nthawi zonse ankakhala atazunguliridwa ndi atsikana. Amakhala motalikirana ku Queens, koma sizinali choncho mpaka Simon atamva Garfunkel akuimba kuti tsogolo lawo lidalumikizidwa. Awiriwo posakhalitsa anayamba kuyimba pamasewero a talente kusukulu ndikuchita luso lawo usiku uliwonse m'chipinda chapansi.
Pazaka zawo za kusekondale, opambana a Grammy amtsogolo adachita monga Tom Landis ndi Jerry Graf, poopa kuti mayina awo enieni amamveka ngati achiyuda ndipo angalepheretse kupambana.
Adaimba nyimbo yoyambirira ya Simon ndikukweza ndalama kuti apange kujambula kwawo koyamba. Nyimbo yawo ya Everly Brothers-influenced Hey Schoolgirl inali yodziwika pang'ono, ndipo mu 1957 adapeza mgwirizano wojambula ndi Big Records.
Amakhala alendo pafupipafupi ku Brill Building, ndikupereka ntchito zawo ngati akatswiri ojambula nyimbo kwa olemba nyimbo. Nyimbo yawo yomwe adayimbayi idawapangitsa kuti awonekere pagulu la American Dick Clark, kupitilira Jerry Lee Lewis.
Pambuyo pake, ntchito yawo yoimba idayima ndipo adayamba kuda nkhawa kuti adafika pachimake ali ndi zaka 16.
Simon ndi Garfunkel
Sukulu ya sekondale itatha, Simon ndi Garfunkel anaganiza zongopita ku koleji. Garfunkel adakhala m'tawuni yake ndikupita ku yunivesite ya Columbia, komwe adaphunzira mbiri yaukadaulo ndikulowa nawo gulu.
Kenako analandira digiri ya master mu masamu. Kupitiliza maphunziro ake pantchito yake yonse, Garfunkel sanasiye kuyimba ali ku koleji, ndikutulutsa nyimbo zingapo payekhapayekha pansi pa dzina la Artie Garr.
Apanso, luso ndi zokonda zofanana zinabweretsa pamodzi Paul Simon ndi Art Garfunkel. Mu 1962, Tom ndi Jerry wakale adakumananso ngati awiri atsopano, okonda anthu. Sadadandaulenso kuti mwina sangamvetsedwe ndipo adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mayina awo enieni a Simon & Garfunkel.
Kumapeto kwa 1964 adatulutsa chimbale cha studio Lachitatu Morning, 3 AM Mwamalonda, palibe zambiri zomwe zidachitika, ndipo Simon adapita ku England, awiriwa adaganiza zopatukana mwaukadaulo.
Wopanga Tom Wilson adasakanizanso nyimbo ya The Sounds of Silence kuchokera mu chimbale ichi ndikuchitulutsa. Patatha masiku angapo, adatenga 1st pa chart chart ya Billboard. Simon adabwerera ku Queens komwe awiriwa adakumananso ndipo adaganiza zojambulitsa ndikuimba nyimbo zambiri limodzi.
Simon & Garfunkel adatulutsa chimbale china, kenako china, ndipo chotsatira, pomwe mbiri iliyonse idatengera nyimbo ndi mawu awo pamlingo wina.
Kupambana kwakukulu ndi malonda kunachitika ndikuwonjezeka ndikumasulidwa kulikonse: Sounds of Silence (1966), Parsley, Sage, Rosemary ndi Thyme (1966) ndi Bookends (1968). Pamene anali kugwira ntchito pa Bookends, wotsogolera Mike Nichols adawapempha kuti apereke nyimbo ku nyimbo ya The Graduate (1967).
Monga gawo la filimu yoyambirira yokhudzana ndi kudzipatula ndi kufanana, awiriwa adalimbitsa mbiri yawo. Nyimbo yawo Mrs. Robinson adakhala wopambana pa nambala 1, akuwonekera pa nyimbo zonse za The Graduate ndi Bookends album.
Chaka chotsatira, Nichols adatsogolera Catch-22 ndipo adapatsa Garfunkel udindo. Izi zinachedwetsa kupanga chimbale chawo chotsatira ndikuyamba "kufesa mbewu" kuti athetse tsogolo lawo. Onse awiri adasunthira njira zatsopano zopangira.
Mu 1970 adatulutsa chimbale chawo chopambana kwambiri, Bridge Over Troubled Water, chojambulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito luso lamakono komanso lopanga kunyumba komanso kutengera masitayilo osiyanasiyana oimba.
Nyimboyi idatchuka kwambiri ndipo idapambana mphoto zisanu ndi chimodzi za Grammy kuphatikiza Album of the Year, Song of the Year ndi Record of the Year pamutuwu.
Iyi inali chimbale chawo chomaliza. Poyambirira adakonza zobwerera limodzi pambuyo popuma, koma atatha kupatukana kwakanthawi, kupitiliza ntchito zawo zopanga padera kumawoneka ngati komveka. Simon & Garfunkel panalibenso.
Patatha zaka ziwiri atasiyana, nyimbo zabwino kwambiri za Simon & Garfunkel zidatulutsidwa ndipo zidakhalabe pama chart aku US kwa milungu 131.
Ntchito yapayekha: Zomwe Ndikudziwa, Ndimangoyang'ana Inu & Zambiri
Paul Simon ndi Art Garfunkel adasiyana mu 1970, koma adalumikizanabe payekha komanso mwaukadaulo.
Pobwerera kwa abwenzi ndi ogwira nawo ntchito nthawi zonse, adakumananso kangapo pa ntchito zawo koma adapeza kuti sakanatha kugwirira ntchito limodzi kunja kwa ntchito zazing'ono, ndithudi.
Kwa zaka zambiri, Garfunkel amakumbukira nthawi yomwe amakhala limodzi: "Ndimakhala wokondwa kunena pang'ono m'malo mwa awiriwa. Ndine wonyadira kuyimba nyimbo zabwinozi. Tsopano nyimbo za Paul Simon zikuimbidwanso m'matchalitchi ndi masukulu monga gawo la maphunziro ...
Panthawiyi, adadzipereka yekha pa ntchito yake payekha. Chimbale chake choyamba Angel Clare (1973) chinali ndi nyimbo ya All I know yolembedwa ndi Jimmy Webb ndipo idapangidwa ndi Simon & Garfunkel Roy Haley. (Nyimboyi inapatsidwa moyo watsopano mu 2005 pamene idawonetsedwa pa Five For Fighting on the Chicken Little soundtrack.)
Chimbale chake chotsatira, Breakway (1975), chidamupatsanso nyimbo ina, buku lachikuto cha I Only Have Eyes for You. Chimbalecho chinali ndi mawonekedwe a alendo ochokera kwa David Crosby, Graham Nash ndi Stephen Bishop, komanso nyimbo yoyamba yatsopano ya Simon ndi Garfunkel m'zaka zisanu, My Little Town, yomwe idawonekeranso pa chimbale cha solo cha Simon Still Crazy After All These Years.
Ndi chimbale chake chotsatira, Watermark (1977), Garfunkel adayang'ana kwambiri kuyanjana ndi wolemba nyimbo m'modzi. Jimmy Webb adalemba nyimbo zonse kupatulapo chimodzi: chivundikiro cha nyimbo ya Sam Cooke ya What A Wonderful World yolemba Garfunkel, Simon ndi James Taylor, yomwe idafika pachimake 17 pama chart.
Woimbayo adalandiranso nyimbo ya Watermark yokhala ndi Bright eyes, yomwe inali nyimbo yachisoni, yokongola ya kanema wa Richard Adams wa Watership Down.
Nyimbo yake ya Scissors Cut (1981) idachita bwino kwambiri koma "flop" yamalonda. Patatha chaka chimodzi, Simon ndi Garfunkel adasewera limodzi ku Central Park, akuphwanya zolemba zonse zomwe zidalipo, kusonkhanitsa anthu 500.
Kenako adapita paulendo wapadziko lonse lapansi ndikutulutsa chimbale chowirikiza komanso chapadera cha HBO pawonetsero wawo ku Central Park. Koma kukumananso sikunatenge nthawi. Onse pamodzi adasiya zolinga zotulutsa zatsopano, ndipo Simon adasunga nyimbo za album yakeyake.
Kubwereranso ku ntchito yake payekha, Garfunkel adayambanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Anali atachita kale mafilimu angapo ndi wotsogolera Mike Nichols, kuphatikizapo Carnal Knowledge (1971), ndipo adawonekeranso m'ma TV, kuphatikizapo "Laverne ndi Shirley". Ndipo mu 1998, adawonekera pa TV ya ana a Arthur Like A Singing Moose.
Garfunkel anapitiriza kuchita pa siteji ndi kulemba zinthu zatsopano. Mu 1990, adalankhula ndi anthu 1,4 miliyoni atapemphedwa ndi dipatimenti ya boma la US pamwambo wolimbikitsa demokalase ku Sofia, Bulgaria.
Chaka chomwecho, Simon ndi Garfunkel adalowetsedwanso mu Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Patatha zaka zitatu, adatulutsa chimbale cha Up 'Til Now, chomwe chinali ndi duet yake ndi James Taylor Crying in the Rain, komanso nyimbo yawonetsero "Brooklyn Bridge" ndi "Two Sleepy Men" kuchokera mufilimu yotchuka A Their Own. League.
Mu Okutobala, iye ndi Simon adasewera zisudzo 21 zomwe zidagulitsidwa ku Paramount Theatre ku New York. Mu 1997, adalemba chimbale cha ana chouziridwa ndi mwana wake James, chokhala ndi nyimbo za Cat Stevens, Marvin Gay ndi John Lennon-Paul McCartney.
Mu 1998, adapanga nyimbo yake yoyamba pa album yake Everybody Wanna Be Seen.
Mu 2003, adatenganso siteji ndi Simon, ndikupambana Mphotho ya Grammy Lifetime Achievement ndikusewera Sounds of Silence live.
Iwo adayenderanso pambuyo pake, ndipo mu 2005 adachita Bridge over Trouble Water, On the Way Home, ndi Mayi. Robinson pamsonkhano wopindulitsa kwa anthu omwe akhudzidwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho Katrina ku Madison Square Garden.
Chaka chilichonse anali wotanganidwa komanso wosakhazikika. Nthawi zonse ndandanda yotanganidwa ndi kukonzekera ulendo, koma mu 2010 anayamba kukhala ndi vuto ndi zingwe mawu, amene anaonekera kwa anthu. Ndimakumbukira makamaka konsati ndi Simon pa Jazz ndi Heritage Festival ku New Orleans. Zinali zovuta kuimba chilichonse.
Anali ndi mawu a paresis ndipo anayamba kutaya mphamvu yake yapakati. Zinamutengera zaka zinayi kuti achire. Adauza nkhani yake ku magazini ya Rolling Stone mu 2014 kuti adabwerera 96%, komabe zimatengera nthawi pang'ono kuti thanzi lake likhale bwino.
Mu 2016, nyimbo ya Simon ndi Garfunkel "America" idagwiritsidwa ntchito (ndi chilolezo chawo) ndi Bernie Sanders pa kampeni yake yomwe sinapambane kuti ateteze chisankho cha Purezidenti. "Ndimakonda Bernie," Garfunkel adauza New York Times. "Ndimakonda kupambana kwake. Ndimakonda ulemu wake ndi udindo wake. Ndimakonda nyimbo iyi!"
Panopa
Masiku ano, Art Garfunkel akupitirizabe kujambula ndi kuchita mapulojekiti aumwini, komanso kugwirizana ndi akatswiri odziwika bwino monga James Taylor ndi Bruce Springsteen. Woimbayo akupitiriza kuwonekera m'mafilimu.
M’zaka za m’ma 1980, chimodzi mwazokonda zake chinali kuyenda mtunda wautali; anawoloka Japan ndi United States wapansi. Pakuyenda kwake, adayamba kulemba ndakatulo ndipo mu 1989 adasindikiza Still Water.
Mu 2017, adawonjeza mbiri ina yofalitsidwa, What's It All But the Light: Notes from Man Underground Man, kusakanikirana kwa ndakatulo, mindandanda, maulendo, ndi malingaliro a mkazi wake.
Garfunkel adapitiliza kukonda kwake kuyenda mtunda wautali kwazaka zambiri. Tsopano, atayenda kudera lalikulu la dziko lapansi, amakhulupirirabe kuti zomwe adakumana nazo pamoyo wake sizinali zambiri pa zomwe adapeza, koma zomwe adapatsidwa.
Moyo waumwini wa Art Garfunkel
Ngakhale kuti zaka za m'ma 1970 zinali zopambana, zaka za m'ma 1980 zinali zovuta kwa Garfunkel mwaukadaulo komanso payekha. Atakwatirana mwachidule ndi Linda Grossman koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, Garfunkel adacheza ndi Laurie Bird kwa zaka zisanu.
Mu 1979, adadzipha, ndikusiya Garfunkel ali wosweka mtima. Amayamikira ubale wake wachidule koma wachimwemwe ndi Penny Marshall pomuthandiza kuti achire ku imfa, pambuyo pake adayika kukhumudwa kwake mu album yake ya 1981 Scissors Cut yoperekedwa kwa Byrd.
Mu 1985, adakumana ndi Kim Cermak pagulu la Good To Go. Banjali linakwatirana patatha zaka zitatu ndipo ali ndi ana aamuna awiri.
