Ma Beatles ndi gulu lalikulu kwambiri lanthawi zonse. Oimba nyimbo amalankhula za izi, mafani ambiri a gululo ali otsimikiza.
Ndipo ndithudi izo ziri. Palibe wosewera wina wazaka za m'ma XNUMX yemwe adachita bwino kwambiri mbali zonse ziwiri zanyanja ndipo sanakhudzenso luso lamakono.
Palibe gulu limodzi loimba lomwe linali ndi otsatira ambiri komanso otsanzira monga Beatles. Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha nyimbo zamakono za pop.
Chodabwitsa cha kupambana kwa Beatles sichinaphunzire mokwanira mpaka pano. Zingawoneke ngati anyamata anayi wamba omwe alibe luso lomveka bwino, opanda zida zoimbira, koma momwe amaimba ndi kusewera mwamatsenga! M'zaka za m'ma sikisite ya zaka zapitazi, nyimbo zawo zoyimba zidapangitsa mamiliyoni a omvera misala.
Chiyambi cha Beatles
Gululo linakhazikitsidwa mu 1960 ku Liverpool pa ntchito ya munthu waluso John Lennon. Wotsogola wa Beatles anali gulu la sukulu lotchedwa The Quarrymen, lomwe lidawonekera mu 1957 ndikuchita nyimbo zakale za rock ndi roll ndi skiffle.
Mzere woyambirira unaphatikizapo Lennon ndi anzake akusukulu. Patapita nthawi, John anadziwitsidwa kwa Paul McCartney, yemwe anali ndi gitala molimba mtima kuposa mamembala onse a gulu ndipo ankadziwa kuyimba chidacho. John ndi Paul anakhala mabwenzi ndipo anaganiza zolembera limodzi nyimbo.
Pafupifupi chaka chimodzi pambuyo pake, bwenzi la Paul George Harrison analoŵa nawo gululo. Mnyamata panthawiyo anali ndi zaka 15 zokha, koma adadziwa bwino gitala kwa msinkhu wake, kuwonjezera apo, makolo ake sanali otsutsana ndi masewera a gululo m'nyumba ya Harrisons.
Gululo linasintha mayina angapo TheBeatles (ochokera ku mawu akuti "bugs" ndi "beat") akuwonekera. Anyamatawo anapereka zambiri zoimbaimba ku England (makamaka, mu Cavern ndi makalabu Casbah) ndipo anachita kwa nthawi yaitali mu Hamburg (Germany).
Panthawiyo, adawonedwa ndi Brian Epstein, yemwe adakhala woyang'anira ndipo, makamaka, membala wachisanu wa gululo. Kupyolera mu zoyesayesa za Brian, a Beatles adasaina mgwirizano ndi kampani yojambula EMI.
Drummer Ringo Starr adalowa nawo Beatles komaliza. Pamaso pake, Pete Best ankagwira ntchito pa ng'oma, koma luso lake silinagwirizane ndi injiniya womveka George Martin, ndipo chisankhocho chinagwera pa woimba wa Rory Storm ndi The Hurricanes.
Kupambana koyambirira kwa Beatles
Malo oyamba mu ma chart a Beatles adabweretsedwa ndi ntchito ya Lennon-McCartney tandem, ndipo m'kupita kwa nthawi, gululi lidayamba kuphatikizira opus kuchokera kwa mamembala ena awiri a gululo, George Harrison ndi Ringo Starr.
Zowona, Album yoyamba ya Beatles yotchedwa "Chonde Chonde Ndithandizeni" ("Chonde ndikondweretseni", 1963) inalibe nyimbo za George ndi Ringo. Mwa nyimbo 14 zomwe zili mu chimbale, 8 zinali za Lennon-McCartney, nyimbo zina zonse zidabwerekedwa.
Nthawi yojambulira mbiriyi ndi yodabwitsa. Liverpool Four idachita ntchitoyi tsiku limodzi! Ndipo iye anachita bwino. Ngakhale lero albumyi ikumveka mwatsopano, yolunjika komanso yosangalatsa.
Katswiri wamawu a George Martin poyambirira adafuna kuti ajambule nyimboyi panthawi yomwe Beatles adachita ku Cavern Club, koma adasiya lingalirolo.
Gawoli lidachitikira ku Abbey Road Studios yodziwika bwino. Iwo adalemba ma track omwe alibe pafupifupi overdubs komanso pawiri. Chotsatira chodabwitsa kwambiri! Kutchuka kwa dziko kusanakhalebe pang'ono ...
World Beatlemania
M'chilimwe cha 1963, Bugs adalemba makumi anayi ndi asanu Amakukondani / Ndidzalandira Inu. Ndi kutulutsidwa kwa chimbale, chikhalidwe chodabwitsa chinayamba, chomwe chimavomerezedwa mu encyclopedias monga Beatlemania. Great Britain idagwa m'manja mwa opambana, pambuyo pake ku Europe konse, ndipo pofika 1964 America idagonjetsedwa. Kudziko lina amatchedwa "British invasion".
Aliyense anatsanzira Mabitolozi, ngakhale akatswiri a nyimbo za jazzmen adawona kuti ndi udindo wawo kuwongolera zomwe Mabitolozi osawonongeka.
Osati nyimbo zofalitsa zinayamba kulemba za gululi, komanso nyuzipepala zambiri zapakati za mayiko osiyanasiyana. Achinyamata padziko lonse lapansi anali ndi tsitsi ndi zovala zawo zouziridwa ndi Beatles.
Kumapeto kwa 1963, chimbale chachiwiri cha gululi, Ndi The Beatles, chinatulutsidwa. Kuyambira ndi chimbale ichi, onse anatsatira zimbale anali analamula ndi mamiliyoni mafani. Zikuoneka kuti aliyense anadziwiratu kuti angakonde nyimbo zatsopanozi.
Ndipo oimbawo anachitadi zimene ankayembekezera mwa kubwezera. Ndi ntchito iliyonse yatsopano, oimbawo adapeza njira zatsopano zopangira, kukulitsa luso lawo ndikuwulula mbali za talente yawo.
Chimbale chotsatira Usiku Watsiku Lovuta chinatulutsidwa osati pa vinyl. A Liverpool Four adaganiza zopanga filimu yanthabwala ya dzina lomweli, lomwe limafotokoza za tsogolo la oimba kuchokera kugulu lomwe ladziwika bwino ndipo mosalephera kubisala kwa mafani okhumudwitsa.
Zonse zolembedwa ndi filimuyo zinali ndi kuyankha kwakukulu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti "Madzulo ..." inakhala ntchito yoyamba ya gululo, pamene ntchito zonse zinali za olemba a gulu, palibe chivundikiro chimodzi chomwe chinaphatikizidwa.
Kupambana kosaneneka kwa Beatles kunatsagana ndi maulendo osatha. Kulikonse gululi linakumana ndi makamu a mafani.
Pambuyo pa nyimbo ya Beatles for Sale (1964), a Beatles adayesanso kumasula chimbale cha nyimbo ndikupanga kanema nthawi yomweyo. Ntchitoyi idatchedwa Thandizo ndipo idayeneranso kuchita bwino. Imasiyanitsidwa apa ndi nyimbo ya Dzulo ("Dzulo").
Idachitidwa ndi gitala lamayimbidwe ndi zingwe zoyimba, ndikupeza mutu wa imodzi mwazodziwika kwambiri mu sewero la ensemble. Malinga ndi chiwerengero cha zikuto, ntchito analowa mu Guinness Book of Records. Kutchuka kwa gululo kunafalikira padziko lonse mofulumira kwambiri.
Gulu la studio loyera
Ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya Beatles inali disc Rubber Soul ("Rubber Soul"). Pa izo, ochita masewerawa adachoka ku rock ndi roll yachikale ndipo adatembenukira ku nyimbo za psychedelia zomwe zinali zapamwamba panthawiyo. Chifukwa cha zovuta za zinthuzo, adaganiza zokana zisudzo zamakonsati.
Momwemonso, cholengedwa chotsatira chinapangidwa - Revolver. Inaphatikizanso nyimbo zomwe sizinapangidwe kuti ziwonekere mu siteji. Mwachitsanzo, mu nyimbo yochititsa chidwi Eleanor Rigby, anyamata amachita mbali mawu okha, ndipo amatsagana nawo nyimbo ziwiri zingwe.
Ngati zidatenga tsiku limodzi lokha kuti mujambule chimbale chonse mu 1963, ndiye kuti zidatenga nthawi yofanana ndendende kuyimba nyimbo imodzi yokha. Nyimbo za Beatles zinakhala zovuta komanso zovuta kwambiri.
Chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri pagululi chinali chimbale cha Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band ("Sergeant Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band", 1967). Nyimbo zonse mmenemo zinali zogwirizana ndi lingaliro limodzi: womvera anaphunzira mbiri ya oimba yopeka ya Pepper, ndipo, titero, analipo pa konsati yake. John, Paul, George, Ringo ndi George Martin ankakonda kuyesa zomveka, nyimbo ndi malingaliro.
Albumyo inalandira ndemanga zabwino kuchokera kwa otsutsa ndi chikondi cha omvera, kukhala, malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri, kupambana kwakukulu m'mbiri ya nyimbo za pop.
Kutha kwa Beatles
Mu Ogasiti 1967, Brian Epstein anamwalira, ndipo ambiri mwa mafani a gululo amati kutayika kumeneku ndi kugwa kwina kwa gulu lalikulu kwambiri. Mwanjira ina kapena imzake, anali ndi zaka ziwiri kuti akhalepo. Panthawiyi, a Beatles adatulutsa ma disks okwana 5:
- Ulendo Wamatsenga Wamatsenga (1967);
- The Beatles (White Album, White Album, 1968) - kawiri;
- Yellow Submarine (1969) - nyimbo zojambulidwa;
- Abbey Road (1969);
- Zikhale (1970).
Zonse zomwe zili pamwambazi zinali zodzaza ndi zatsopano komanso nyimbo zabwino kwambiri.
Nthawi yomaliza yomwe Beatles adagwira ntchito limodzi mu studio inali mu Julayi-Ogasiti 1969. The Let It Be disc, yomwe idatulutsidwa mu 1970, ndiyofunikira chifukwa panthawiyo gululi linalibenso ...
