Benny Goodman ndi umunthu popanda zomwe sizingatheke kulingalira nyimbo. Nthawi zambiri ankatchedwa mfumu ya swing. Amene anapatsa Benny dzina limeneli anali ndi zonse zoti aganizire. Ngakhale lero palibe kukayikira kuti Benny Goodman ndi woimba kuchokera kwa Mulungu.
Benny Goodman sanali wodziwika bwino wa clarinetist ndi bandleader. Woimbayo adapanga magulu oimba odziwika bwino omwe amadziwika ndi mgwirizano wawo wodabwitsa komanso kuphatikiza.
Woimbayo anali wotchuka chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu za chikhalidwe cha anthu. Oimba akuda ankaimba m’gulu la oimba la Benny panthaŵi ya tsankho ndi tsankho lalikulu.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Benny anabadwira m'banja la Ayuda othawa kwawo ochokera ku Russia, David Gutman (kuchokera ku Belaya Tserkov) ndi Dora Rezinskaya-Gutman (malinga ndi magwero ena, Georgian kapena Grinskaya, ochokera ku Kovno).
Kuyambira ali mwana ankakonda nyimbo. Ali ndi zaka 10, clarinet inagwa m'manja mwa Benny. Patapita chaka, mnyamata mwaukadaulo ankaimba nyimbo za wotchuka Ted Lewis.
Goodman moonlighted ngati woyimba mumsewu. Pamene mnyamatayo anali wachinyamata, anali kale ndi ndalama zake zam'thumba. Panthawi imeneyi, Benny adayamba kuzindikira kuti nyimbo zimakula pa iye. Posakhalitsa anasiya sukulu ya sekondale ndipo anadzipereka pa ntchito yokonza zinthu. Pafupifupi atangoganiza zosiya maphunziro, adalowa nawo gulu la oimba lipenga Bix Beiderbeck.
Mwa njira, Benny Goodman ndiye woimba woyera woyamba yemwe adadziwika pakati pa anthu akuda a jazzmen. Zinali zoyenerera. Inde, ngakhale pamenepo aliyense amene anamva masewera a mnyamatayo anamvetsa kuti apita kutali.
Njira yolenga ya Benny Goodman
Chakumapeto kwa 1929, woimba wa jazi adasiya gulu la oimba ndikupita ku New York. Benny sanangosiya gululo. Iye ankafuna kumanga ntchito payekha.
Posakhalitsa, woimba wachichepereyo anali kujambula nyimbo pawailesi, akusewera m'magulu oimba a Broadway, ndikulemba nyimbo. Ndipo adazichita yekha, mothandizidwa ndi ma ensembles opangidwa bwino.
Patapita nthawi, Benny Goodman analemba nyimbo, chifukwa iye anapeza kutchuka koyamba. Tikukamba za nyimbo yoti He's Not Worth Your Tear. Nyimboyi inalembedwa mu 1931 ndi Meloton Records ndipo inali ndi woimba Scrappy Lambert.
Posakhalitsa woimbayo adasaina mgwirizano wake woyamba ndi Columbia Records. Mu 1934, Ain’t Cha Glad?, Riffin’ the Scotch, Ol’ Pappy, Sindine Waulesi, I’m Just Dreamin’ anatsogolera nyimbo zapamwamba za dzikolo.
Kuzindikira ndi chiyambi cha "nyengo ya swing"
Okonda nyimbo ndi mafani adavomereza mokondwera nyimbo zomwe wojambulayo adalemba. Mfundo yakuti nyimbozo zinali mu tchati, ndithudi, zinawonjezera mbiri ya Benny Goodman. Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani kwa woimba yemwe watulutsa kale ntchito khumi ndi ziwiri zoyenera? Inde, mwaluso watsopano. Composition Moon Glow (1934) adatenga malo oyamba pama chart. Zinali zopambana.
Kupambana kwa nyimboyi kudabwerezedwa ndi Take My Word ndi Bugle Call Rag. Pambuyo pa mgwirizano ndi holo ya nyimbo, Benny adaitanidwa ku wailesi ya NBC kuti achite nawo pulogalamu ya Loweruka Tiyeni Tivine.
Kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ya ntchito, Benny Goodman adafika pamwamba pa ma chart a nyimbo maulendo khumi ndi awiri. Kupambana kumeneku kunabwerezedwa pambuyo poti woimbayo adayamba kugwira ntchito ndi kampani ya RCA Victor.
Koma posakhalitsa pulogalamu, kumene Benny Goodman anali wochititsa, inatsekedwa. Mwambowu udadutsana ndi sitiraka ya ogwira ntchito ku National Biscuit Company - omwe amathandizira pulogalamu yomweyi yawayilesi. Motero, Goodman ndi gulu lake anatsala opanda ntchito.
Izi si nthawi zabwino kwambiri ku United States of America. Dzikoli linali m’mavuto kwenikweni. Benny Goodman ndi gulu lake la oimba, m’lingaliro lenileni la mawuwa, analibe ndalama. Posakhalitsa woimbayo adaganiza zopita pamagalimoto apadera paulendo waukulu.
Podutsa m'matauni a Midwest, ma concerts a orchestra sanali otchuka kwambiri. Anthu ambiri anatuluka m’holoyo atazindikira kuti oimbawo akuimba nyimbo za swing, osati zovina.
Nthawi zovuta kwa Benny Goodman
Oimbawo anali opanda ndalama. Iwo anavutika maganizo. Ambiri anangosiya gulu la oimba chifukwa ankafuna chakudya cha mabanja awo. Zochita sizinalinso zopindulitsa.
Gululi pomaliza linafika ku Los Angeles. Woimbayo nthawi ino adaganiza kuti asayese. Iwo ankasewera osati awo okha, koma nyimbo zovina. Mu holo, omvera anatenga izo mopanda chidwi, monyanyira kuponderezedwa mu timipata, kung'ung'udza anayamba. Woyimba ng'omayo adakuwa, "Anyamata, tikuchita chiyani? Ngati ili ndi sewero lomaliza, tiyeni tichite izi kuti tisachite manyazi kudziwona tokha tili pa siteji ... ".
Oimbawo anasiya kuimba nyimbo zovina n’kumaseŵera movina mwachizolowezi. Usiku umenewo adagwira ntchito 100%. Omvera anasangalala kwambiri. Okonda nyimbo "anabangula" ndi chisangalalo ndi chisangalalo. Ambiri azindikira nyimbo zodziwika bwino za Benny Goodman.
Patapita nthawi, Benny Goodman anasamukira ku Chicago. Kumeneko, ndi woimba Helen, Ward analemba nyimbo zingapo "zowutsa mudyo", zomwe m'tsogolomu zinadziwika bwino kwambiri. Ndi za nyimbo:
- Zakhala Zotalika Kwambiri;
- zabwino-zabwino;
- Ulemerero wa Chikondi;
- Zopusa Izi Zimandikumbutsa Inu;
- Mwanditembenuzira Matebulo.
Posakhalitsa Benny Goodman anaitanidwanso kuti atsogolere pulogalamuyo. Adakhala mtsogoleri wawonetsero wa Camel Caravan. M'dzinja la 1936, gulu lake loimba nyimbo woyamba anaonekera pa TV. Kenako woimba anabwerera ku New York.
Peak of Benny Goodman's Musical Career
Patatha chaka chimodzi, nyimbo za Benny Goodman zinagundanso malo apamwamba a ma chart a nyimbo. Kutchuka kodabwitsa kudagwera woimbayo. Posakhalitsa oimba motsogozedwa ndi woimba nawo kujambula filimu "Hotel Hollywood".
Savoy Dance Hall, yomwe inachezeredwa ndi owonerera amitundu yosiyanasiyana, panthawiyo inachitikira Nkhondo za Jazz Bands, kumene oimba a Chick Webb nthawi zambiri ankagonjetsa omenyana nawo. Goodman, pozindikira kufunika kwake, adatsutsa Chick Webb.
New York idapuma pang'onopang'ono poyembekezera duel yanyimbo yomwe ikuyembekezeredwa kwanthawi yayitali. Owonerera sanathe kudikirira kumenyana kwa ma titans awiri. Ndipo madzulo oikidwiratu, holo yovina ya Savoy yadzaza. Holoyi munkakhala anthu oposa 4. Omvera anali kuyembekezera. Chinali chinachake!
Palibe aliyense wa owonerera amene analipo amene anamvapo chonga ichi m’mbuyomo! Oimbawo anayesa kwambiri kotero kuti zikuoneka kuti mpweya unali ndi mphamvu yamphamvu imeneyi.
Ngakhale kuti oimba a Goodman Orchestra anali oyambira komanso abwino, oimba a Chick Webb anali abwino kwambiri. Oimba otsutsawo atayamba kuimba, oimba a Benny Goodman anangogwedeza dzanja lawo. Iwo ankadziwa kuti Chick Webb adzapambana.
Chiwonetsero chapamwamba cha ntchito ya nyimbo ya Benny Goodman chinafika mu 1938. Munali chaka chino pomwe woimbayo adachita konsati yotchuka ku Carnegie Hall ku New York. Kenako woimbayo sanangoimba nyimbo kuchokera ku repertoire yake, komanso nyimbo ya Al Jolson ya Avalon.
Chaka chomwecho, nyimbo za Goodman zinali pamwamba pa 14 nthawi zoposa 10. Nyimbo zotchuka ndi monga Ine Ndilola Nyimbo Ichoke M’mtima Mwanga, Musakhale Momwemo ndi Imbani, Imbani, Imbani (Ndi Swing). Nyimbo yomaliza inali yotchuka kwambiri. Pambuyo pake adalowetsedwa mu Grammy Hall of Fame.
Zochita za Benny Goodman pambuyo pa nkhondo
Kulowa kwa United States of America mu Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse komanso kunyanyala komwe kunayambitsidwa ndi American Federation of Musicians kudakakamiza Benny kusiya kwakanthawi mgwirizano wake ndi Victor RCA.
Woyimbayo adakwanitsa kumaliza nyimbo zina asananyalanyaze. Kalembedwe ka "Kutenga Mwayi pa Chikondi" n'kofunika kwambiri.
Kenako anayesa dzanja lake pa kanema. Adawonekera m'mafilimu monga Stage Door Canteen, The Gang's All Here ndi Sweet ndi Low-Down. Benny adazolowera bwino ntchitoyi ndipo adawonetsa mwaluso mawonekedwe a anthu ake.
M'nyengo yozizira ya 1944, jazzman, pamodzi ndi quintet yake, adakhala membala wawonetsero wa Broadway The Seven Arts. Chiwonetserocho chinadzutsa chidwi chachikulu pakati pa omvera ndipo chinapirira ziwonetsero 182.
Patatha chaka chimodzi, kuletsa zojambulira mawu kunachotsedwa. Benny Goodman adabwerera ku studio yake yojambulira. Kale mu Epulo, gulu la Hot Jazz linatulutsidwa, lomwe nthawi yomweyo linafika pa 10 yapamwamba ya zolemba zabwino kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza kotsatira Gotta Be This or That kunalinso kopambana. Pa kujambula kwa chimbale, Goodman anachita gawo la mawu yekha kwa nthawi yoyamba. Chochitika ichi chikujambulidwa mu nyimbo ya Symphony.
Posakhalitsa Benny anasamukira ku studio yojambulira Capitol Records. Komanso, iye anatenga gawo mu kujambula filimu A Song is Born. Munthawi yomweyi, kuyesa kwake kotsatira nyimbo kunayamba.
Swing adalowa m'malo mwa bebop, ndipo oimba a Goodman adalemba nyimbo zingapo mwanjira iyi. Chodabwitsa kwambiri chinali chidziwitso chakuti Goodman akuchotsa gulu lake la oimba. Chochitika ichi chinachitika mu 1949. M'tsogolo, woimba anasonkhanitsa oimba, koma otchedwa "zochita" nthawi imodzi.
Pofika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1950, Benny sanachite ntchito zopanga. Nthawi yomweyo, gulu lake la Jazz Concert ku Carnegie Hall linawonekera. Woimbayo "adayika" mu chimbale ichi chojambula chodziwika bwino pa Januware 16, 1938.
Kuphatikizika kotsatira kwa Jazz Concerto No. 2 kudalandiridwanso mwachikondi ndi mafani ndi otsutsa nyimbo. Patatha chaka chimodzi, zojambula za woimbayo zidawonjezeredwanso ndi chimbale china, The Benny Goodman Story.
Zaka zomaliza za moyo wa Benny Goodman
Kuyambira pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1950, Benny Goodman wapanga maulendo angapo padziko lonse lapansi. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1960, woimbayo adayendera dera la Soviet Union. Iye anachita chidwi ndi kulandiridwa kwachikondi kwa mafani ake. Chifukwa chake, adatulutsa chimbale "Benny Goodman ku Moscow".
Mu 1963, oimba omwe adayimba ndi Goodman kuyambira koyambirira kwa 1930 adasonkhana ku RCA Victor Studios. Tikukamba za Gene Krupe, Teddy Wilson ndi Lionel Hampton. Oimba adagwirizana osati monga choncho, koma kuti alembe chimbale "Pamodzi Apanso!". Chimbalecho sichinadziwike ndi mafani.
Zaka zinadzipangitsa kumva, kotero woimbayo sanalembe nyimbo. Ntchito yofunika yokhayo inali "Benny Goodman Today", yomwe inalembedwa mu 1971 ku Stockholm. Atatsala pang’ono kumwalira, Benny Goodman analandira Mphotho yapamwamba ya Grammy. Chimbale "Tiyeni tivine!" adapambana. (zotengera nyimbo za pulogalamu yapawayilesi ya dzina lomwelo).
Benny Goodman anamwalira pa June 13, 1986 ku New York. Wakhala ndi vuto la mtima kwa nthawi yayitali. Anamwalira ndi matenda a mtima ndipo anaikidwa m'manda ku Stamford.
Mwachibadwa, Benny Goodman adasiya cholowa cholemera chopanga. Zinaphatikizapo zophatikiza zambiri zomwe zidajambulidwa ku Columbia ndi RCA Victor kujambula situdiyo.
Pali ma diski angapo kuchokera pankhokwe ya woyimbayo, yotulutsidwa ndi Music Master, ndi zojambula zosiyanasiyana. Ndipo ngakhale woyimbayo adamwalira kalekale, nyimbo zake sizimafa.
