Pali magulu omwe akhazikika bwino mu chikhalidwe chodziwika bwino chifukwa cha mayendedwe angapo. Kwa ambiri, iyi ndi American hardcore punk band Black Flag.
Nyimbo monga Rise Above ndi TV Party zitha kumveka m'mafilimu ndi makanema apa TV padziko lonse lapansi. Munjira zambiri, kugunda kumeneku ndi komwe kunatulutsa gulu la Black Flag mobisa, ndikupangitsa kuti liziwike kwa omvera ambiri.
Chifukwa chinanso chatchuka kwa gululi ndi logo yodziwika bwino, kuchuluka kwa kutchuka komwe oimba a gulu lanyimbo la punk The Misfits amatha kupikisana nawo.
Kupanga kwa gulu la gulu sikungokhala ndi nyimbo zingapo zopambana. Kukhudzidwa kwa oimba pa chikhalidwe cha ku America ndi kwakukulu.
Chiyambi cha ulendo wa Black Flag gulu
Chapakati pa zaka za m'ma 1970, rock rock, heavy metal inalowedwa m'malo ndi nyimbo za punk rock, kutchuka komwe kunafalikira padziko lonse lapansi. Oimba a Punk a Ramones adalimbikitsa oimba ambiri achichepere, kuphatikiza woyambitsa Black Flag Greg Ginn.
Atakhudzidwa ndi nyimbo za a Ramones, Greg anaganiza zoyambitsa gulu lake, Panic. Kapangidwe ka timu kakusintha kangapo, kotero oimba ambiri akumaloko adakwanitsa kusewera m'gululo.
Posakhalitsa woimba Keith Morris adalowa gululo. Anakhala pa maikolofoni kwa zaka pafupifupi zitatu. Munthu uyu, yemwe adayima pa chiyambi cha American hardcore punk, adatchuka chifukwa cha Circle Jerks. Komabe, Keith anayamba ntchito yake mu gulu Black Flag, kukhala mbali yofunika kwambiri mu mbiri ya gulu.
Gawo lina lofunikira pa gawo loyambirira linali wosewera wa bass Chuck Dukowski. Iye sanali mbali ya zikuchokera nyimbo, komanso woimira waukulu atolankhani gulu Black Flag. Ngakhale kuti Greg Ginn anakhalabe mtsogoleri wa gulu, anali Chuck amene anapereka zoyankhulana zambiri. Ankagwiranso ntchito yoyang'anira alendo.
Udindo wa drummer anapita kwa Roberto "Robo" Valverdo.
ulemerero ukubwera
Ngakhale kuti gululo linapeza nyimbo yakeyake, zinthu sizinali zabwino kwa zaka zoyamba za kukhalapo kwa gululo. Oimba ankayenera kusewera mu "nyumba zodyera", kulandira malipiro ochepa chabe pa izi.
Panalibe ndalama zokwanira, choncho nthawi zambiri pamakhala kusiyana kwa kupanga. Mikanganoyo idakakamiza Keith Morris kusiya gululo, kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino.
M'malo Keith, gulu anakwanitsa kupeza munthu amene anakhala umunthu wa gulu kwa zaka zambiri. Ndi za Henry Rollins. Chikoka chake komanso siteji yake idasintha rock yaku America ya punk.
Gululo linapeza chiwawa chomwe chinalibe. Henry adakhala woyimba wamkulu watsopano, yemwe adalowa m'malo angapo osakhalitsa pantchito iyi. Des Cadena adagwira ntchitoyi kwa miyezi ingapo, adaphunzitsidwanso ngati woyimba gitala wachiwiri, akuyang'ana mbali ya nyimbo.
Mu Ogasiti 1981, chimbale choyambirira cha gululo chinatulutsidwa, chomwe chidakhala chodziwika bwino cha punk. Mbiriyi idatchedwa Yowonongeka ndipo idakhala yosangalatsa kwambiri ku America mobisa. Nyimbo za gululi zinkadziwika ndi zachiwawa zomwe zinapitirira nyimbo zakale za punk rock.
Pambuyo kumasulidwa, oimba anapita pa ulendo wawo woyamba waukulu, umene unachitika ku America ndi ku Ulaya. Kutchuka kwa gulu la Mbendera Yakuda kudakula, izi zidalola oimba kupitilira "phwando" lolimba kwambiri.
Kusiyana kwachilengedwe mkati mwa gulu la Black Flag
Ngakhale kupambana, gulu silinakhalitse mu "golide" zikuchokera. Paulendowu, Robo adasiya gululo ndipo adasinthidwa ndi Chuck Biscuits. Pamodzi ndi iye, gululo linalemba chimbale chachiwiri chokwanira cha My War, chomwe chinali chosiyana kwambiri ndi kusonkhanitsa koyamba.
Kale pano, zoyesera zomveka zinali zowonekera, zomwe sizinali zodziwika bwino za punk yolimba ya nthawi imeneyo. Theka lachiwiri la album linali ndi phokoso lachitsulo cha doom lomwe linamveka kwambiri ndi theka loyamba la zolembazo.
Kenako Biskits anasiya gulu, amenenso sanapeze chinenero wamba ndi ena onse ophunzira. Malo kumbuyo kwa zida za ng'oma adapita kwa woimba wopambana Bill Stevenson, yemwe adasewera mu gulu la punk rock Descendents.
Munthu wina yemwe adasemphana maganizo ndi Greg Ginn anali Chuck Dukowski, yemwe adachoka pamzerewu mu 1983. Zonsezi zidakhudza kwambiri zochitika zamakonsati ndi studio.
Kugwa kwa gulu la Black Flag
Ngakhale kuti gulu anapitiriza kumasula zophatikizika zosiyanasiyana ndi Albums mini, kulenga gulu Black Mbendera likuchepa. Chimbale chatsopano cha Slip It In chinatulutsidwa, momwe oimba adasiya nyimbo za hardcore punk. Nthawi yomweyo, ntchito yoyesera Banja la Banja idawonekera, yopangidwa mumtundu wamawu olankhulidwa.
Phokosolo linakhala lovuta kwambiri, lokhumudwitsa komanso lopweteka, zomwe zinakopa zofuna za Greg. Omvera okha sanagwirizane ndi zofuna za mtsogoleri wa gulu la Black Flag, yemwe adasewera ndi mayesero. Mu 1985, chimbale "In My Head" chinatulutsidwa, kenako gululo linasweka mwadzidzidzi.
Pomaliza
Gulu la Mbendera Yakuda ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pazachikhalidwe chaku America mobisa komanso chodziwika bwino. Nyimbo za gululi zikuwonekera m'mafilimu aku Hollywood mpaka lero. Ndipo chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha Black Flag chili pa T-shirts za anthu otchuka atolankhani - ochita zisudzo, oimba, othamanga.
Mu 2013, gululi lidakumananso, ndikutulutsa chimbale choyamba zaka zambiri, What The…
Wolemba mawu Ron Reyes adalephera kukhala wolowa m'malo mwa Rollins. Anali Henry Rollins yemwe anapitirizabe kukhala munthu yemwe gululo limagwirizana ndi omvera ambiri. Ndipo popanda kutenga nawo mbali, gululi lilibe mwayi wa ulemerero wake wakale.
