Celia Cruz anabadwa pa October 21, 1925 ku Barrio Santos Suarez, ku Havana. "Mfumukazi ya Salsa" (monga ankatchedwa kuyambira ali mwana) anayamba kupanga ndalama ndi mawu ake, kulankhula ndi alendo.
Moyo wake ndi ntchito yake yokongola ndi nkhani yowonetsera zakale ku National Museum of American History ku Washington DC.
Celia Cruz ntchito
Celia ankakonda kwambiri nyimbo kuyambira ali wamng'ono. Nsapato zake zoyambirira zinali mphatso yochokera kwa mlendo amene ankamuyimbira.
Ntchito ya woimbayo inayamba ali wachinyamata, pamene azakhali ake ndi msuweni wake anamutengera ku cabaret monga woimba. Ngakhale kuti abambo ake ankafuna kuti akhale mphunzitsi, woimbayo adatsatira mtima wake ndikusankha nyimbo m'malo mwake.
Analowa mu National Music Conservatory ya Havana, komwe adaphunzitsa mawu ake ndikuphunzira kuimba piyano.
Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1940, Celia Cruz adalowa nawo mpikisano wawayilesi osaphunzira. Chifukwa chake, adakwanitsa kukopa chidwi cha opanga ndi oimba otchuka.
Celia ankatchedwa woimba mu gulu lovina la Las Mulatas de Fuego, lomwe linayendayenda ku Latin America. Mu 1950, adakhala woyimba wamkulu wa La Sonora Matancera, gulu loimba lodziwika kwambiri ku Cuba.
Woimbayo adawonekera mobwerezabwereza muzolemba zokhudzana ndi salsa. Iye anachita ku Latin America ndi ku Ulaya.
Wojambulayo anali wojambula wa salsa wolemera kwambiri, wokhala ndi zolemba zoposa 50 zojambulidwa. Kupambana kwake kuli chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kodabwitsa kwa mawu amphamvu a mezzo komanso kamvekedwe kake ka nyimbo.
Celia Cruz ku New York
Mu 1960, Cruz adalowa nawo gulu la Orchestra la Tito Puente. Zovala zake zowala komanso kukongola zidakulitsa kwambiri mafani.
Gululi lidachita gawo lalikulu panthawiyo pamawu atsopano omwe akukula m'zaka za m'ma 1960 ndi 1970, nyimbo zochokera ku Cuban ndi Afro-Latin nyimbo zosakanikirana zomwe zidzadziwika kuti salsa.
Celia anakhala nzika ya US mu 1961. Komanso mu 1961, anakumana ndi Pedro Knight (woimba lipenga ndi gulu la oimba), amene anachita naye pangano kuti aziimba mu Hollywood, California.
Mu 1962 anakwatiwa naye. Komanso, mu 1965, Pedro anaganiza zosiya ntchito yake kuti aziyang'anira ntchito ya mkazi wake.
Kumayambiriro kwa 1970, Cruz anali woimba mu Fania All-Stars. Adayendera gululi padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza ziwonetsero ku London, England, France ndi Africa.
Mu 1973, woyimbayo adayimba ku Carnagie Hall ku New York ngati Gracia Divina mu opera ya Larry Harlow ya Latin Hommy-A. Inali nthawi imeneyi pamene nyimbo za salsa zinali zotchuka ku United States.
M'zaka za m'ma 1970, Cruz adaimba ndi oimba ena ambiri, kuphatikizapo Johnny Pacheco ndi William Anthony Colon.
Cruz adalemba nyimbo ndi Johnny Pacheco mu 1974 yotchedwa Celia & Johnny. Imodzi mwa nyimbo za Quimbera idakhala nyimbo ya wolemba kwa iye.
Kudzudzula
Wotsutsa Peter Roughing wa The New York Times anafotokoza mawu a wojambulayo mu sewero la 1995: "Mawu ake ankamveka ngati apangidwa ndi zinthu zolimba - zitsulo zotayidwa."
Mukuwunikanso kwa Novembala 1996 ku Blue Note, Greenwich Village (New York), momwe Peter Roughing adalemberanso pepalali, adawona kuti woimbayo amagwiritsa ntchito "chinenero cholemera, chophiphiritsira".
Anawonjezeranso kuti, "Zinali zabwino zomwe sizimveka kawirikawiri pamene kuphatikiza kwa zilankhulo, zikhalidwe ndi nyengo kumawonjezera nzeru zapamwamba."
Artist Awards
Pa ntchito yake yonse, Celia adalemba ma Albums ndi nyimbo zopitilira 80, adalandira mphotho 23 za Gold Records ndi mphotho zisanu za Grammy. Wachitapo ndi anthu ambiri otchuka, kuphatikizapo Gloria Estefan, Dionne Warwick, Ismael Rivera ndi Wyclef Jean.
Mu 1976, Cruz adatenga nawo gawo muzolemba za Salsa ndi Dolores del Rio ndi William Anthony Colon, omwe adalemba nawo ma Album atatu mu 1977, 1981 ndi 1987.
Wojambulayo adaseweranso mafilimu angapo aku Hollywood: The Perez Family ndi The Mambo Kings. M'mafilimu awa, adakwanitsa kukopa chidwi cha anthu aku America.
Nokuba kuti Celia alimwi abasimbi ba Latina ibakali kukkala mucisi ca United States, zilongezyo zyamusyobo ooyu zyakamugwasya kuzumanana kusyoma makani mabotu ku United States.
Mosiyana ndi maiko ambiri a ku Ulaya, kumene anthu amalankhula zinenero zingapo, nyimbo za ku America zimaimbidwa m’chinenero cha m’dzikolo, chotero salsa inkaseweredwa kwa kanthaŵi kochepa, monga momwe inkachitidwa m’chinenero china osati Chingelezi.
Celia ali ndi nyenyezi pa Hollywood Walk of Fame ndipo adalandira Medal of Arts ku America ndi Purezidenti Bill Clinton. Adalandiranso ma doctorate aulemu kuchokera ku Yale University ndi University of Miami.
Cruz adalumbira kuti sadzapuma, ndipo adapitiliza kujambula nyimbo ngakhale atapezeka ndi chotupa muubongo chomwe adamwalira mu 2003.
Album yake yomaliza idatchedwa Regalo del Alma. Nyimboyi idapambana Grammy ya Best Salsa/Merengue Album ndi Latin Grammy ya Best Salsa Album pambuyo pake mu 2004.
Atamwalira, mazana masauzande a mafani a Cruz adapita ku zikumbutso ku Miami ndi New York, komwe adayikidwa m'manda a Woodlawn.
