Cream ndi gulu lodziwika bwino la rock lochokera ku Britain. Dzina la gululi nthawi zambiri limagwirizanitsidwa ndi omwe adayambitsa nyimbo za rock. Oimbawo sanawope kuyesa molimba mtima ndi kulemera kwa nyimbo ndi kuphatikizika kwa phokoso la blues-rock.
Kirimu ndi gulu lomwe silingaganizidwe popanda woyimba gitala Eric Clapton, woyimba bassist Jack Bruce ndi woyimba Ginger Baker.
Kirimu ndi gulu lomwe linali limodzi mwa oyamba kuimba zomwe zimatchedwa "zitsulo zoyambirira". Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti gulu linatha zaka ziwiri zokha, ngakhale izi, oimba adatha kukhudza mapangidwe a nyimbo zolemera mu 1960 ndi 1970.
Nyimbo zoyimba Sunshine of Your Love, White Room ndi chivundikiro cha Robert Johnson's blues Crossroads zidaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wanyimbo zabwino kwambiri, malinga ndi magazini yotchuka ya Rolling Stone, kutenga malo 65, 367 ndi 409.
Mbiri ya kulengedwa kwa gulu la Cream
Mbiri ya gulu lodziwika bwino la rock idayamba mu 1968. Unali madzulo amodzi pomwe woyimba ng'oma waluso Ginger Baker adachita nawo konsati ya John Mayall ku Oxford.
Pambuyo pake, Baker adayitana Eric Clapton kuti apange gulu lake. Clapton adalandira mwayi wa woimbayo, ngakhale kuti panthawiyo kusiya gulu sikunkaonedwa ngati chinthu chabwino kwambiri.
Komabe, woyimba gitala wakhala akuganiza zothawa kwa nthawi yaitali, chifukwa ankafuna ufulu, ndipo mu gulu la John Mayall, pang'ono, kapena ayi, palibe chomwe chimadziwika za "ndege zopanga".
Udindo wa woyimba wamkulu ndi woyimba bass mu gulu latsopano adapatsidwa Jack Bruce.
Pa nthawi ya kulengedwa kwa gulu, aliyense wa oimba anali ndi chidziwitso chake chogwira ntchito m'magulu ndi pa siteji. Mwachitsanzo, Eric Clapton anayamba ntchito yake monga woimba ndi The Yardbirds.
Zowona, Eric sanapeze kutchuka kwakukulu mu timuyi. Gululo linatenga pamwamba pa Olympus yoimba pambuyo pake.
Jack Bruce nthawi ina anali m'gulu la Graham Bond Organization ndipo anayesa mwachidule mphamvu zake ndi Bluesbreakers. Baker, yemwe wagwirapo ntchito ndi pafupifupi onse achingelezi a jazzmen.
Kubwerera ku 1962, adakhala gawo la gulu lodziwika bwino la nyimbo ndi blues Alexis Korner Blues Incorporated.
Gulu la Blues Incorporated "linayatsa njira" pafupifupi mamembala onse a The Rolling Stones, a Graham Bond Organization, kumene, kwenikweni, anakumana ndi Bruce.
Mkangano wa Bruce ndi Baker
Chochititsa chidwi, pakhala pali ubale wovuta kwambiri pakati pa Bruce ndi Baker. Pa imodzi mwazoyeserera, Bruce adafunsa Baker kuti azisewera mofatsa.
Baker sanachite bwino poponya ng'oma kwa woimbayo. Mkanganowo unakula n’kukhala ndewu, ndipo kenako kudanina kotheratu.
Baker anayesa m'njira iliyonse kukakamiza Bruce kusiya gulu - pamene Graham Bond (mtsogoleri wa gulu) anasowa mongoyembekezera (mavuto mankhwala), Baker anafulumira kudziwitsa Bruce kuti sanalinso zofunika monga woimba.
Iye anakana kusiya gululi ndipo anaimba mlandu Baker kuti "adakokera" Graham pa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Posakhalitsa Bruce anasiya gululo, koma posakhalitsa Baker analibe chochita.
Clapton sanadziwe za mkangano pakati pa oimba pamene iye akufuna Bruce kuimira gulu. Ataphunzira za chipongwe ndi ubale pakati pa oimba, sanasinthe maganizo ake, kuika patsogolo chofunika ichi ngati chikhalidwe chokhacho kuti akhalebe mu gulu la Cream.
Baker anavomera zinthu zonse, ndipo ngakhale zosatheka - anaganiza zopanga mtendere ndi Bruce. Komabe, kunamizira kumeneku sikunabweretse zabwino.
Chifukwa cha kutha kwa gululo
Ndi mkangano uwu umene unakhala chimodzi mwa zifukwa za kugwa kwa gulu lodziwika bwino. Chifukwa chinanso kugwa kwa gululi chinalinso chakuti oimba onse atatu anali ndi zilembo zovuta.
Sanamve wina ndi mzake ndipo ankafuna kutuluka malire a rhythm ndi blues popanga pulojekiti yawo yapadera yomwe ingawapatse ufulu woimba.
Mwa njira, machitidwe a Cream anali ndi mphamvu yamphamvu. M'modzi mwamafunso ake, Clapton adanena kuti pamasewera pakati pa Bruce ndi Baker, kwenikweni "zowala zinawuluka."
Oimbawo ankapikisana kuti awone yemwe anali wopambana. Iwo ankafuna kutsimikizira kuti iwo ndi apamwamba kuposa wina ndi mnzake.
Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi gulu la Britain chinali solos ya gitala ya Eric Clapton (akatswiri a nyimbo adanena kuti gitala la Clapton "amayimba ndi mawu achikazi").
Koma munthu sanganyalanyaze kuti phokoso la Cream linapangidwa ndi Jack Bruce, yemwe anali ndi luso lamphamvu la mawu. Anali Jack Bruce amene analemba ntchito zambiri za gululo.
Kuyamba kwa Cream
Gulu la Britain linachitira anthu wamba mu 1966. Chochitika chofunikira ichi chinachitika pa Windsor Jazz Festival. Kuchita kwa gulu latsopanoli kunapangitsa chidwi chenicheni pakati pa anthu.
Mu 1966 yemweyo, oimba adapereka nyimbo yawo yoyamba, yomwe imatchedwa Kukuta Papepala / Gologolo wa Cat. Nyimboyi idafika pachimake pa nambala 34 pa chart ya Chingerezi. Chodabwitsa kwambiri kwa mafani chinali chakuti nyimboyi idasankhidwa kukhala nyimbo zodziwika bwino.
Pakuimba kwawo koyambirira, oimbawo adasewera motengera nyimbo ndi buluu, kotero omvera amayembekezera zofanana ndi osakwatiwa. Nyimbozi sizingakhale chifukwa cha nyimbo zolimba komanso zabuluu. Izi mwina ndi jazi wapakatikati komanso wamawu.
Posakhalitsa, oimba adapereka nyimbo imodzi yomwe Ndikumva Omasuka / NSU, ndipo patapita nthawi adakulitsa zolemba za gululo ndi chimbale choyambirira cha Fresh Cream.
Kutolere koyamba kunagunda khumi apamwamba. Nyimbo zomwe zidasonkhanitsidwa mu chimbalecho zidamveka ngati zamasewera. Zolembazo zinali zamphamvu, zolonjeza komanso zamphamvu.
Chidwi chachikulu chiyenera kuyang'ana pa nyimbo za NSU, I Feel Free ndi njira yatsopano ya Chule. Zolemba izi sizingafanane ndi kuchuluka kwa ma blues. Koma mu nkhani iyi, ndi zabwino.
Izi zikusonyeza kuti oimba ndi okonzeka kuyesa ndi kuwongolera kamvekedwe ka mawu. Izi zidatsimikiziridwa ndi gulu lotsatira la Disraeli Gears.
Chikoka cha Cream pakukula kwa thanthwe
Sitingatsutse kuti chimbale choyamba cha gululi chinali chiyambi chabwino cha chitukuko cha nyimbo za rock. Anali Cream amene adalengeza blues ngati kalembedwe ka nyimbo.
Oimba anachita zosatheka. Iwo anachotsa maganizo akuti blues ndi nyimbo za aluntha. Motero, ma blues anakopa anthu ambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, oimba a gululo adakwanitsa kusakaniza rock ndi blues m'mayendedwe awo. Momwe oimba amasewerera chakhala chitsanzo choti titsatire.
Kutulutsidwa kwa album yachiwiri
Mu 1967, chimbale chachiwiri cha Cream chinatulutsidwa ku United States of America pa situdiyo yojambulira ya Atlantic.
M'nyimbo zomwe zili m'gululi, phokoso la psychedelia limamveka bwino, lomwe mwaluso "lokongoletsedwa" ndi mawu omveka ndi nyimbo.
Nyimbo zotsatirazi zinakhala zizindikiro za kusonkhanitsa: Strange Brew, Dance the Night Away, Tales of Brave Ulysses ndi SWLABR Pa nthawi yomweyi, Dzuwa limodzi la Chikondi Chanu linatulutsidwa. Ndizodabwitsa kuti riff wake adalowa muzojambula zagolide za hard rock.
Pofika nthawi yophatikiza yachiwiri idatulutsidwa, Cream anali atakhazikitsa kale mbiri ya nthano. Mmodzi mwa oimbawo akukumbukira kuti pa konsati yomwe inachitika m’chigawo cha San Francisco, anthu osangalala anafuna kuti aziimba nyimbo ina yake.
Oimbawo adasokonezeka. Koma kwa mphindi pafupifupi 20 adasangalatsa mafani ndi zosintha.
Lingaliro lolenga limeneli linayamikiridwa ndi omvera, ndipo gululo linapeza zest yatsopano, yomwe pambuyo pake inakhala imodzi mwa zigawo za hard rock style. Ndipo potsirizira pake, chakuti anyamatawo ndi No.
Kutchuka kwa chimbale chachiwiri cha gulu Krim
Chimbale chachiwiri mu 1968 chinali pamwamba pa ma chart a nyimbo ku United States of America. Nyimbo yomwe gululi idaimba kwambiri inali ya White Room. Kwa nthawi yayitali, nyimboyi sinafune kusiya 1st chart ya US.
Ma concerts a Cream adachitika pamlingo waukulu. Panalibe paliponse pomwe apulosi angagwere m'mabwalo amasewera. Ngakhale kuzindikiridwa ndi kutchuka, zilakolako zinayamba kutentha mu timu.
Panali mikangano yambiri pakati pa Bruce ndi Clapton. Zinthu zinasokonekera chifukwa cha mikangano yosalekeza pakati pa Baker ndi Bruce.
Mwinamwake, Clapton watopa ndi mikangano yosalekeza pakati pa anzake. Sanaganizire za chitukuko cha timu, kuyambira tsopano iye ankachita nawo nkhani za bwenzi lake lakale George Harrison.
Mfundo yakuti zinthu zatsala pang'ono kupasuka zinadziwika bwino pamene ogwira nawo ntchito, panthawi ya zisudzo, anabalalitsidwa mwapadera ku mahotela osiyanasiyana, osafuna kukhala pansi pa denga limodzi.
Mu 1968, zidadziwika kuti gululi likutha. Mafani adadabwa kwambiri. Iwo sankadziwa zomwe zilakolako zinali mkati mwa gululo.
Kusungunuka kwa Cream
Asanalengeze za kutha kwa gululo, oimbawo anali ndi ulendo wotsazikana ku United States of America.
Patatha chaka chimodzi, gululo linatulutsa chimbale cha "posthumous" Goodbye, chomwe chinali ndi nyimbo zamoyo ndi studio. Nyimbo ya Badge idakali yofunika mpaka lero.
Clapton ndi Baker sanasudzulane nthawi yomweyo. Anyamatawa adakwanitsa kupanga gulu latsopano la Blind Faith, kenako Eric adayambitsa ntchito ya Derek ndi Dominos.
Ntchitozi sizinabwereze kutchuka kwa Cream. Posakhalitsa Clapton anayamba ntchito yekhayekha. Jack Bruce nayenso anapitiriza kuchita zilandiridwenso.
Anali membala wamagulu ambiri akunja, ndipo adakwanitsanso kulemba nyimbo ya gulu la Mountain Theme From An Imaginary Western.
Chodabwitsa kwambiri chinali nkhani yoti oimba akumananso kuti aziimba konsati ku Albert Hall wotchuka.
Mu 2005, oimba adasunga lonjezo lawo - adayimba pafupifupi nyimbo zonse zapamwamba za gulu lodziwika bwino la Cream.
Konsati ya gululi idachitika ndi kuwomba m'manja kwamphamvu kuchokera kwa okonda nyimbo komanso otsutsa nyimbo. Oyimba adatulutsa chimbale chapawiri potengera zomwe adasewera.
M'mafunso a Epulo 2010 ndi BBC 6 Music, Jack Bruce adawulula kuti Cream sadzakumananso.
Patapita zaka zinayi, woimbayo anamwalira. Clapton anali membala womaliza wa gulu lodziwika bwino la rock.
