Gioacchino Antonio Rossini ndi woyimba nyimbo waku Italy komanso wochititsa. Anatchedwa mfumu ya nyimbo zachikale. Analandira kuzindikirika m'moyo wake.
Moyo wake unali wodzala ndi nthaŵi zosangalatsa ndi zomvetsa chisoni. Kutengeka kulikonse komwe kunachitika kumalimbikitsa maestro kulemba nyimbo. Zolengedwa za Rossini zakhala zodziwika bwino kwa mibadwo yambiri ya classicism.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Maestro adabadwa pa February 29, 1792 m'chigawo cha chigawo cha Italy. Mutu wa banja ankagwira ntchito ngati woimba, ndipo mayi ake ankagwira ntchito yosoka zovala.
Sizovuta kuganiza kuti Rossini adatengera chikondi chake cha nyimbo kuchokera kwa abambo ake. Anamupatsa kumva kwangwiro, ndi luso lodutsa nyimbo pamtima. Matalente ake ena onse, mnyamatayo adatenga udindo wa amayi ake.
Mutu wa banja anali wosiyana osati kokha ndi kukoma kwake kwa nyimbo. Sanachite mantha kufotokoza maganizo ake. Kangapo munthu wina adanena maganizo ake motsutsana ndi boma lomwe liripo, lomwe adayenera kukhala m'ndende.
Amayi a Rossini, Anna, adapeza talente yake yoyimba zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi atabadwa mwana wawo wamwamuna. Mayiyo anayamba ntchito yoimba nyimbo za zisudzo. Kwa zaka 10, Anna anapereka zoimbaimba mu zisudzo bwino mu Europe, mpaka mawu ake anayamba kusweka.
Mu 1802 banja anasamukira ku chigawo cha Lugo. Apa, Rossini wamng'ono adalandira maphunziro ake oyambirira. Wansembe wa kumaloko anadziŵikitsa mnyamatayo ku ntchito za olemba nyimbo otchuka. Panthawi imeneyi, anayamba kumva nyimbo zaluso za Mozart ndi Haydn.
Pofika paunyamata, adalemba ma sonata angapo. Tsoka, ntchitozo zidaperekedwa kwa anthu pokhapokha atapezeka othandizira omwe adapereka chithandizo chandalama kwa Rossini. Kale mu 1806, mnyamatayo adalowa mu Liceo Musicale. M'malo ophunzirira, adakulitsa luso lake loyimba, adaphunzira kuimba zida zingapo zoimbira, ndipo adadziwa zoyambira.
M’masiku ake ophunzira, ankagwira ntchito m’bwalo la zisudzo. Baritone tenor wake adakopa anthu omwe ankafuna. Makonsati a Rossini adachitikira muholo yodzaza. Pa nthawi yomweyo, iye analemba mphambu wanzeru sewero "Demetrius ndi Polybius". Dziwani kuti iyi ndiye opera yoyamba ya maestro.
Mutu wa banja ndi mayi Rossini, monga anthu kulenga, anamvetsa kuti opera ikukula mu dziko. Likulu la mtundu uwu panthawiyo linali Venice. Popanda kuganiza mowirikiza, banjali linaganiza zotumiza mwana wawo wamwamuna kuti azisamalidwa ndi Morandi, yemwe ankakhala ku Italy.
Njira yopangira komanso nyimbo za Gioacchino Antonio Rossini
"Demetrius ndi Polybius" inali ntchito yoyamba ya maestro panthawi yolemba. "Promissory Note for Marriage" ndi ntchito yoyamba, yomwe inali yoyamba kuchitidwa m'bwalo la zisudzo. Pakupanga kwake, adalandira ndalama zambiri panthawiyo. Kuchita bwinoko kudalimbikitsa Rossini kulemba ntchito zina zitatu.
Wopeka nyimboyo sanangopangira Italy. Chiwonetsero cha masomphenya ake a Haydn's Four Seasons chinachitika ku Bologna. Ntchito ya Rossini inalandiridwa mwachikondi, koma panali vuto ndi "Strange Case". Ntchitoyi idalandiridwa mozizira ndi anthu ndipo idavutitsidwa ndi otsutsa nyimbo. Dziwani kuti masewero onsewa adaseweredwa m'mabwalo amasewera a Ferrari ndi Rome.
Mu 1812, sewero la "Mwayi Umapanga Wakuba, Kapena Zosakaniza Zosakaniza" linapangidwa. Chodabwitsa n’chakuti ntchitoyi yachitika maulendo oposa 50. Kutchuka kwa Rossini kunali kwakukulu. Mfundo yakuti iye anali m’gulu la oimba opambana kwambiri inam’masula ku usilikali.
Izi zinatsatiridwa ndi ulaliki wa opera "Tancred". Idaperekedwa osati ku Italy kokha. Kuyamba kwake kunali kopambana kwambiri ku London ndi New York. Zingotenga milungu ingapo kuti maestro awonetse Mkazi waku Italy ku Algiers, yomwe idayambanso bwino kwambiri.
Gawo latsopano m'moyo wa maestro
Kumayambiriro kwa 1815, tsamba lina lochititsa chidwi mu mbiri ya kulenga ya wolemba linatsegulidwa. Pavuli paki, wanguluta ku chigaŵa cha Naples. Iye ankatsogolera malo ochitira masewera achifumu komanso nyumba zabwino kwambiri za zisudzo m’dzikoli.
Panthaŵiyo, Naples ankatchedwa likulu la zisudzo ku Ulaya. Mtundu wa ku Italy, womwe Rossini adabwera nawo, sunayambe kukondana ndi anthu. Ntchito zambiri za wolemba nyimboyo zinavomerezedwa mwaukali. Koma zonse zinasintha pambuyo pa kulembedwa kwa opera "Elizabeth, Mfumukazi ya ku England." Ndizosangalatsa kuti chilengedwecho chinalengedwa pamaziko a zolemba za maestro ena omwe amawakonda kale ndi omvera, ndiko kuti, nyimbo zabwino kwambiri. Kuchita bwino kwa Rossini kunali kwakukulu.
M’malo atsopanowa, analemba modekha. Sanafunikire kufulumira. Kuchokera apa, ntchito za nthawi ino zinakhala zanzeru - zinali zodzaza ndi bata ndi mtendere. Iye ankatsogolera oimba, choncho ankatha kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito za oimba. Pa zaka 7 zimene anakhala ku Naples, anapeka zisudzo zoposa 15.
Pamwamba pa Kutchuka kwa Gioacchino Antonio Rossini
Ku Roma, katswiri wa maestro amapanga imodzi mwazolemba zaluso kwambiri pagulu lake. Masiku ano, Barber waku Seville amatengedwa ngati khadi loyimbira la Rossini. Anayenera kusintha mutu wa opera kuti "Almaviva, kapena Vain Precaution" chifukwa ntchito yomwe ili ndi mutu wakuti "Barber of Seville" inali itatengedwa kale. Ntchitoyi idabweretsa Rossini kutchuka padziko lonse lapansi. Munthawi imeneyi, adalemba ntchito zina zingapo, zosachepera zanzeru.
Kukwerako kunasokonezedwa ndi kulephera. Mu 1819, katswiri akuwonetsa ntchito ya Hermione kwa anthu. Ntchitoyi inalandiridwa mozizira ndi anthu. Kulandila kozizira kunafotokozera Rossini kuti anthu aku Naples anali atatopa ndi ntchito zake. Anapezerapo mwayi ndipo anasamukira ku Vienna.
Nduna Yowona Zakunja itamva kuti Rossini nayenso wabwera kudzikolo, adapatsa mkuluyo malo onse owonetserako zisudzo kuti agwiritse ntchito. Zoona zake n’zakuti mkuluyo ankaona kuti ntchito za woimbayo zinali kutali ndi ndale, choncho sanaone chiwopsezo chilichonse mwa iye.
Panali pa malo amodzi ku Vienna kuti adamva zodabwitsa "Symphony No. 3", yomwe inali ya wolemba Beethoven. Rossini analota kukumana ndi wolemba nyimbo wotchuka. Kwa nthawi yayitali sanayerekeze kutenga sitepe yoyamba yolankhulana. Sanalankhule zilankhulo, kuwonjezera apo, kusamva kwa Beethoven kunalinso cholepheretsa kulankhulana. Koma, atapeza mwayi wolankhula, Ludwig adalangiza Rossini kuti atenge kalozera wa nyimbo zosangalatsa, kusiya opera kumbuyo.
Posakhalitsa, ku Venice kunayamba kuwonekera kwa opera "Semiramide". Pambuyo pake, maestro anasamukira ku London. Kenako anapita ku Paris. Mu likulu la France, iye analenga atatu oimba ena.
Ntchito zatsopano
Ntchito imodzi yowonjezereka ya wolembayo sangathe kunyalanyazidwa. Mu 1829, sewero loyamba la "William Tell" lidachitika, lomwe katswiriyo adalemba potengera sewero la Schiller. Nyimboyi ili m'gulu la oimba otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Iye anawomba mu makanema ojambula "Mickey Mouse".
Pa gawo la Paris, katswiriyu anayenera kulemba ntchito zina zingapo. Zolinga zake zinaphatikizapo kulemba nyimbo zoyimba za Faust. Koma ntchito yofunika yokhayo yomwe inalembedwa panthawiyi inali: Stabat Mater, komanso mndandanda wa nyimbo za salons za Musical Evening.
Imodzi mwa ntchito zofunika kwambiri za zaka zomalizira za moyo wake inali "Misa yaying'ono", yolembedwa mu 1863. Ntchito yoperekedwayo idatchuka pambuyo pa imfa ya maestro.
Tsatanetsatane wa moyo wa Gioacchino Antonio Rossini
Maestro sanakonde kufalitsa zambiri zokhudza moyo wake. Koma, chimodzimodzi, mabuku ake ambiri okhala ndi oimba a opera sakanakhoza kubisidwa kwa anthu. Mkazi wofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa maestro wanzeru anali Isabella Colbran.
Kwa nthawi yoyamba anamva nyimbo zodabwitsa za mkazi mu 1807 pa siteji ya Bologna. Atasamukira kudera la Naples, analemba nyimbo za mkazi wake yekha. Isabella anali munthu wamkulu pafupifupi onse oimba ake. Mu March 1822, anatenga mkazi kukhala mkazi wake wovomerezeka. Unali mgwirizano wokhwima. Anali Rossini amene anaumirira pa chigamulo chovomerezeka mwalamulo ubalewo.
Mu 1830, Isabella ndi Rossini anakumana kwa nthawi yomaliza. Katswiriyu adasamukira ku Paris, ndipo masewera ake atsopano a Olympia Pelissier adakhala. Iye ankagwira ntchito ngati courtesan.
Chifukwa cha Rossini, adasintha ntchito yake ndikukhala mdzakazi wabwino. Iye anakonda maestro ndi kumumvera iye. Mu 1846, adafunsira kwa mtsikanayo kuti amukwatire. Iwo anakwatirana ndipo anakhala m’chipinda chodyeramo kwa zaka zoposa 20. Mwa njira, sanasiye olowa a Rossini kumbuyo.
Mfundo zosangalatsa za wolemba
- Rossini ataona mmene fano lake lilili, anadabwa kwambiri. Beethoven anazunguliridwa ndi umphawi, pamene Rossini ankakhala wolemera ndithu.
- Patatha zaka 40, thanzi lake linalowa pansi kwambiri. Iye ankavutika maganizo komanso ankasowa tulo. Maganizo ake amasintha nthawi zambiri. Usiku, amatha kulekerera - amalira ngati tsiku silinapindule monga momwe anakonzera.
- Nthawi zambiri ankapereka mayina achilendo pa ntchito zake. Kodi zolengedwa za "Four Appetizers and Four Desserts" ndi "Convulsive Prelude" ndizofunika bwanji?
Zaka zomaliza za moyo wa maestro
Amayi Rossini atamwalira, thanzi lake linalowa pansi kwambiri. Anadwala chinzonono, chomwe chinayambitsa mavuto ambiri. Iye ankadwala urethritis, nyamakazi ndi maganizo. Kuphatikiza apo, maestro adadwala kunenepa kwambiri. Zinanenedwa kuti iye anali gourmet wamkulu, ndipo sakanatha kukana chakudya chokoma.
Anamwalira pa November 13, 1868. Chifukwa cha imfa chinali matenda otchulidwa, komanso opaleshoni yolephera, yomwe inkachitidwa kuchotsa chotupacho ku rectum.
