Herbert von Karajan safunikira kufotokozedwa. Wotsogolera ku Austria watchuka kwambiri kupitirira malire a dziko lawo. Pambuyo pake, adasiya cholowa chambiri komanso mbiri yosangalatsa.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Iye anabadwa kumayambiriro kwa April 1908. Makolo a Herbert analibe chochita ndi luso. Mutu wa banja anali dokotala wolemekezeka. Malingana ndi wojambulayo, ankakonda ndipo ankawopa pang'ono bambo ake. Koma zimenezi sizinamulepheretse kukhala naye pa ubwenzi wabwino komanso wachikondi.
Udindo wofunikira mu mbiri yakale ya Herbert idaseweredwa ndi agogo ake. Mwa njira, munthuyo adadzizindikira yekha ngati wamalonda. Iye anali wolemekezeka ndipo anaphunzitsa mdzukulu wake kuleredwa koyenera.
Herbert ankakonda nyimbo kuyambira ali wamng’ono. Zokonda za mwanayo zinathandizidwa ndi makolo ake, omwe "sanakakamize" mnyamatayo, ndipo anamuthandiza posankha maphunziro a nyimbo. Patapita nthawi, mnyamatayo analandira malo abwino mu zisudzo German.
Njira yopangira maestro Herbert von Karajan
Talente wamng'onoyo adakhumudwa kwambiri pamene adafunsidwa kuti achoke ku Ulm Theatre. Atachoka anauza anzakewo kuti nthawi yake inali isanakwane, koma ndithu adzakhala wotchuka.
Posakhalitsa anakumana ndi luso E. Grosse (membala wa SS). Munthawi imeneyi, mnzake watsopano wa Herbert adagwira ntchito ngati director of the Aachen Theatre. Grosse, adathandizira wojambula yemwe adalonjeza kuti azichita zoimbaimba za symphony ndi zisudzo m'bwalo lake. Ntchito ya maestro panthawiyi idatsatiridwa ndi Rudolf Vedder.
Kudziwana ndi umunthu woperekedwawo "kunadetsa" mbiri ya wojambulayo. Nkhondo itatha, iye anali ndi chikhumbo chofuna kufafaniza zonse zokhudza ubwenzi ndi anthu ameneŵa. Patapita nthaŵi, Herbert anakana m’pang’ono pomwe kufalitsa m’zaka zimenezo za moyo wake. Wojambulayo sanachite izi pachabe, chifukwa chifukwa cha zolemba zomwe zatsala, zinali zotheka kutsimikizira kuti adalowa kawiri mu NSRPG. Kondakitala mwiniwakeyo adatcha umboni wosatsutsikawu kukhala wabodza.
Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 30, dzina lake linayamba kukambirana ndi otsutsa ndi mafani. Zoona zake n’zakuti anachititsa opera ya R. Wagner yotchedwa Tristan ndi Isolde. Panthawi imeneyi, Hermann Goering anayima kumbuyo kwake. Sitinganene kuti mbiri yake, kuphatikizapo kulenga, zinakula bwino. Iye sankakonda Adolf Hitler.
Olemba mbiri ya Hitler anafotokoza "kusakonda" kwa Hitler kwa Herbert chifukwa chakuti wolamulirayo ankakonda ntchito ya Wagner. Kamodzi wojambulayo anali kuchititsa, koma molakwa woimbayo anachita mzere wolakwika. Konsatiyi panafika A. Hitler, amene anatulutsa mkwiyo wake wonse pa Herbert. Womalizayo ankakonda kugwira ntchito popanda manotsi, choncho wolamulirayo ankaona kuti kuyang’anira kunali kulakwa kwa kondakitala.
Zinthu ku Germany zinkangowonjezereka chaka chilichonse. Oimba a Herbert makamaka anachipeza. Zinthu zinaipiraipiranso chifukwa Herbert anafunsidwa mafunso kangapo pomukayikira kuti ankagwirizana ndi anthu odana ndi chifashisti. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti si maestro okha omwe adafunsidwa mafunso, komanso onse omwe adapatsidwa ulemu wogwira nawo ntchito.
Kuchokera ku Germany
Cha m'ma 40 m'zaka za m'ma XNUMX, anakakamizika kuchoka ku Germany. Ndithudi, wochititsayo sanafune kuchoka m’dzikolo, popeza anazoloŵera chigawocho ndi omvetsera. Komanso, nthawi imeneyi anakwanitsa kupeza chiwerengero chidwi mafani.
Komabe, chinali chisankho chanzeru. Panthaŵiyo ntchito ya Herbert inali kudziwika kutali ndi malire a dziko la Germany. Posakhalitsa anakhala mtsogoleri waluso wa Society of Friends of Music. Komanso, iye anakwanitsa ntchito angapo otchuka zisudzo. Herbert wapeza luso lokwanira kutchedwa katswiri pantchito yake.
M’katikati mwa zaka za m’ma 50, anapeza malo abwino kwambiri. Anakhala mtsogoleri wa Philharmonic Orchestra. Panthawi imeneyi, iye amagwiranso ntchito ndi Vienna State Opera, ali ndi udindo wa wotsogolera luso.
Mbiri ya Herbert itaiwalika bwino, anatha kuyanjana kwambiri ndi andale ndi anthu ena olemekezeka. Ntchito yake inasiyidwa osati ndi akuluakulu okha, komanso nzika wamba.
Herbert nthawi zambiri ankatsutsidwa chifukwa chojambula nyimbo 1945 isanafike. Nthawi zambiri sankaimba nyimbo za anthu a m'nthawi yake.
Tsatanetsatane wa moyo waumwini wa maestro
Herbert wakhala ali pakati pa chidwi cha akazi. Anakwatira kwa nthawi yoyamba ali mnyamata, koma mgwirizano umenewu sunamusangalatse. Posakhalitsa achinyamatawo anaganiza zochoka. Wachiwiri wosankhidwa mwa otsogolera luso anali Anita Gütermann wokongola.
Mkazi wachiwiri anabweretsa mavuto aakulu kwa maestro chifukwa cha mizu yachiyuda. Ngakhale Herbert anaimbidwa mlandu. Ankafuna kuti athetse maubwenzi onse ndi mkaziyo, koma maestro sanangosudzula mkazi wake, komanso kuteteza ufulu wachinsinsi. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, iye ankaopsezedwa nthawi zonse, koma Herbert sanachite zachinyengo. Iye anakhalabe wolimba.
Komabe, moyo waumwini ndi mkazi wachiwiri sunayende bwino, ndipo banjali linaganiza zosiya. Mkazi wachitatu wa maestro anali Eletta von Karajan. Panthaŵi ya ukwatiwo, kondakitala anali ndi zaka 50, ndipo mnzake anali ndi zaka 19 zokha. Iwo anakumana ku Saint-Tropez.
Anakumana pamene Eletta akuyenda ndi atsikana ake pa bwato. Kuwonjezera pa atsikanawo, panali alendo ambiri oitanidwa. Kuphwando komweko, mtsikanayo anali kudwala panyanja. Herbert anachita ngati munthu wolemekezeka. Anamutulutsa m’bwatomo n’kumuitanira kumalo odyera okwera mtengo. Wojambulayo adakondana ndi mtsikana wokongola kwambiri poyang'ana koyamba.
Ulendo wotsatira anakumana ndi chaka chimodzi chokha. Panthawi imeneyi, mtsikanayo ankagwira ntchito monga chitsanzo cha Christian Dior. Chithunzi cha Eletta chinachitika ku London. Ataweruka kuntchito, mnzake wina anamuitanira ku konsati ya gulu la oimba la Philharmonic Orchestra.
Nthawi yomweyo, Herbert anaima pa sitendi ya kondakitala. Anacheza pambuyo pa konsati ndipo anagwirizana tsiku. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, banjali silinasiyane. Mkaziyo anabala ana aakazi okongola kwa wojambulayo.
Herbert von Karajan: mfundo zosangalatsa
- Iye anali membala wa chipani cha Nazi, chomwe sichinaphatikizepo mbiri yabwino kwambiri.
- Wojambulayo adathandizira kwambiri kukhazikitsa ma CD a digito.
- Sanagwirepo ntchito "ndalama". Maonekedwe ake pa siteji nthawi zonse ankakhala ndi malipiro ochititsa chidwi.
Imfa ya wojambula Herbert von Karajan
Anamwalira pa July 16, 1989. Pa nthawi ya imfa yake, anali ndi zaka zoposa 80. Ngakhale kuti sanamve bwino, iye anakwera siteji mpaka masiku otsiriza. Herbert sakanatha kulingalira moyo wake popanda nyimbo, kotero adakakamizika "kuchita khama".
Ndandanda ya ntchito ndi thanzi labwino zinali zotsatira zake. Iye anafa ndi myocardial infarction.
