"Nkhati yotsika ya buluu idagwa kuchokera pamapewa otsika ..." - nyimbo iyi idadziwika ndikukondedwa ndi nzika zonse za dziko lalikulu la USSR. Zolemba izi, zochitidwa ndi woimba wotchuka Claudia Shulzhenko, adalowa mu thumba la golide la Soviet siteji. Claudia Ivanovna anakhala People's Artist. Ndipo zonse zidayamba ndi zisudzo za banja ndi zoimbaimba, m'banja lomwe aliyense anali wojambula.
Ubwana wa Claudia Shulzhenko
Claudia anabadwa pa March 11 (24), 1906 m'banja la wowerengera wa Main Directorate of Railway, Ivan Ivanovich Shulzhenko. Banja linali ndi mchimwene ndi mlongo - Kolya ndi Klava. Amayi awo anali otanganidwa kwambiri ndi ntchito yawo yowalera, ndipo bambo awo anaphunzitsa kukonda zaluso.
Ngakhale ntchito yotopetsa komanso yowoneka ngati ya prosaic yokhudzana ndi maakaunti ndi manambala, abambo a banjalo anali oimba kwambiri. Iye ankaimba zida zambiri, ankaimba mochititsa chidwi, anali ndi luso la zisudzo.
Masiku amenewo, zisudzo za mabanja zinali zofala. Nthawi zambiri, oyandikana nawo amabwera ku bwalo losangalatsa la Kharkov kuti adzawonere sewerolo, momwe banja lalikulu la Shulzhenko lidachita nawo.
Ivan ankasewera ndi kuimba, ndipo ana amavala masewero ang'onoang'ono, momwe Klava adawonekera chifukwa cha khama lake. “Wojambula!” Anthu anaseka, ndipo Claudia ankalakalaka kale ntchito yaukatswiri.
Mu malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, iye mwachidwi anaphunzira mabuku, kuwerenga zachikale, ndi kuyesa zithunzi za heroines, anadziwona yekha pa siteji ya zisudzo. Ndi chisangalalo ndinapita ku zisudzo zonse za Kharkov Drama Theatre ndipo ndinadziwa maudindo onse pamtima. Ndipo makolo ake amamuwona ngati woyimba, akuumirira kuphunzira ku Conservatory.
Claudia adaphunzira mawu kuchokera kwa pulofesa wa Conservatory Nikita Chemizov. Koma, monga momwe mphunzitsiyo anavomerezera, Klava analibe chilichonse chomuphunzitsa. Mawu ake a kristalo anali abwino kwambiri komanso amamveka bwino.
Claudia Shulzhenko: chiyambi cha ntchito
Mu 1921, Claudia Shulzhenko, wazaka 15, adatsimikiza mtima. Iye anatenga bwenzi ndi iye kulimba mtima ndipo anabwera audition pa Kharkov Drama Theatre.
Nditasewera sketch yaing'ono ndikuyimba nyimbo zingapo motsagana ndi Isaac Dunayevsky (m'tsogolomu - wolemba nyimbo wotchuka), Klava adapambana mtima wa wotsogolera Nikolai Sinelnikov ndipo adalembetsa nawo gulu la zisudzo. Zowona, adapatsidwa udindo wosewera ma episodic okha. Koma ankasewera mogwira mtima kwambiri. Ndipo ngakhale bwino, iye anapambana nyimbo mbali anaimba mu kwaya ndi operetta.
"Muyenera kuyimba nyimbo ngati mukusewera chiwonetsero chamunthu m'modzi, komwe mumasewera magawo onse," Sinelnikov adamuphunzitsa. Ndipo Claudia adayika luso lake ngati wochita masewero mu nyimbo iliyonse. Umu ndi momwe kalembedwe kachitidwe, komwe kamangotengera Shulzhenko, kudawonekera - kuyimba nyimbo, nyimbo-monologue.
Ali ndi zaka 17, mtsikanayo anachita kwa nthawi yoyamba mu sewero la "Execution" chikondi "Star in the Sky" ndipo adakopa omvera ndi kuphweka ndi kuwona mtima kwa kuyimba kwake.
Chivomerezo choyamba cha Claudia Shulzhenko
Mu 1924, opera diva Lydia Lipkovskaya anabwera ku Kharkiv pa ulendo. Claudia, molimba mtima, anafika ku hotelo yake ndi pempho loti achite kafukufuku. Chodabwitsa n’chakuti woimba wa zisudzoyo anamvetsera. Ndipo, posilira deta ya woimbayo, adandilangiza kuti ndisinthe pang'ono repertoire, kuwonjezera nyimbo zanyimbo kwa izo, zomwe zimasonyeza bwino luso la Shulzhenko.
Ndipo patapita kanthawi panali msonkhano watsoka pakati pa woimbayo ndi wolemba wake. Wolemba nyimbo Pavel German, yemwe, pambuyo pa imodzi mwa zisudzo, anakumana ndi Claudia ndipo anamupempha kuti ayimbe nyimbo zake. Kotero repertoire ya Shulzhenko inawonjezeredwa ndi nyimbo zotchuka pambuyo pake: "njerwa", "Sindikudandaula", "Mine No. 3" ndi "Zindikirani".
Wolemba nyimbo Meitus, mogwirizana ndi wosewera Breitingam, analemba kugunda angapo kwa woimba: "Ndudu Girl ndi Sailor", "Red Poppy", "Pa Sled", amene anali m'gulu repertoire Shulzhenko, amene anagonjetsa Moscow.
Ntchito ya woimba Claudia Shulzhenko
The kuwonekera koyamba kugulu wa woimba 22 wazaka pa siteji ya Mariinsky Theatre, ndipo patatha chaka - pa siteji ya Moscow Music Hall, anali bwino. Nyimbo zake zinalandiridwa mosangalala ndi anthu. Nyimbozo zitaimbidwa, holoyo inaimilira, ndipo nyimbo zomaliza zinali mkuntho wa mkuntho. Ndiye panali ntchito ku Leningrad Music Hall, iye ankaimba zisudzo, anaimba nyimbo, amene analemba lodziwika bwino wotchedwa Dmitry Shostakovich.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1930, wojambulayo adagwira nawo ntchito ya jazi ya Skomorovsky, ndiyeno analetsedwa kuchita. Chilimbikitso chinali chophweka - mawu a dziko la Socialism anali osafunika, kunali koyenera kuyimba za ntchito.
Shulzhenko anachita choyenera - sanapite mumthunzi, sanalole kuti mafanizi ake aiwale. Anangosintha kalembedwe kake - repertoire yake tsopano ili ndi nyimbo zowerengeka. Mu lililonse la nyimbo izi Shulzhenko anali weniweni, woona mtima, melodramatic, kuti Claudia, amene anthu ankakonda kwambiri. Mizere yokhazikika kuseri kwa zolembera.
Zaka ziwiri nkhondo isanayambe, Shulzhenko anakhala wopambana pa mpikisano wa ojambula a pop, chithunzi chake chinakongoletsa chikuto cha magazini. Ndipo ma positi makadi okhala ndi nkhope yake atapachikidwa m'zipinda za mafani pafupi ndi zithunzi za banja, gulu la jazz linapangidwira makamaka kwa iye. Ndiyeno nkhondo inayamba.
Claudia Shulzhenko pazaka zankhondo
Nkhondoyo inapeza Claudia paulendo ku Yerevan. Mosakayikira, iye ndi mwamuna wake ndi oimba analowa m'gulu la asilikali Soviet, anapita kutsogolo ndi zoimbaimba.
Oimba akutsogolo a Shulzhenko adapereka ma concert mazana ambiri pansi pa zipolopolo. Nthaŵi ina, kuchiyambi kwa 1942, pambuyo pa konsati yoteroyo, mtolankhani wa nkhondo Maksimov anasonyeza Klavdiya Ivanovna ndakatulo zake, lemba latsopano la Blue Handkerchief waltz.
Mawuwa anafika pamtima. Ndipo Claudia adayimba waltz iyi mosangalala kwambiri kotero kuti nyimboyo idafalikira nthawi yomweyo mbali zonse. Anakopera m'mabuku ndi pamapepala, ankayimbidwa panthawi ya mpumulo wachilendo pankhondo, ankamveka ngati nyimbo yamtundu kumbuyo. Mwinamwake panalibenso nyimbo yotchuka ya nthaŵi imeneyo.
Mpaka mapeto a nkhondo, oimba anapitiriza kuimba kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Ndipo atangopambana, anayamba ntchito payekha pambuyo pa nkhondo.
Kupambana
Nkhondo itatha, Klavdia Shulzhenko anakhalabe woimba wokondedwa wa mamiliyoni kwa zaka zambiri. Nyimbo zoimbidwa ndi iye zinapangitsa anthu kumwetulira moona mtima, kukhala achisoni ndi kulira. Mawu ake akadali ndi moyo, amamveka kuchokera pa TV, pa wailesi. Mu 1971, ankakonda anthu anakhala Chithunzi Anthu a USSR. Wojambulayo anamwalira atadwala kwa nthawi yayitali m'chilimwe cha 1984.
