Ena amatcha gulu lampatukoli Led Zeppelin kholo la kalembedwe ka "heavy metal". Ena amamuona kuti ndi wabwino kwambiri pagulu la rock la blues. Enanso ali otsimikiza kuti iyi ndi ntchito yopambana kwambiri m'mbiri ya nyimbo zamakono za pop.
Kwa zaka zambiri, Led Zeppelin adadziwika kuti ma dinosaurs a thanthwe. Chotchinga chomwe chinalemba mizere yosakhoza kufa m'mbiri ya nyimbo za rock ndikuyika maziko a "makampani oimba nyimbo".
"Ndege yotsogolera" ikhoza kukondedwa, osati kukondedwa. Koma gululi limayenera kupatsidwa ulemu waukulu ndi anthu amene amadzitcha okonda nyimbo. M'mawu amasewera, iyi ndi gulu lapamwamba. Ili ndi malo apamwamba kwambiri mu ligi yayikulu ya Championship mumayendedwe a rock and roll.
Kubadwa kwa Led Zeppelin Legend
Gulu la Led Zeppelin linakulira pa mabwinja a gulu la Yardbirds. Kuyambira m'ma XNUMXs, woyimba gitala Jimmy Page wakhala akukulitsa luso lake momwemo. Poyamba, ntchito yatsopanoyi idatchedwa "New Yardbirds", yomwe idawonetsedwanso pazikwangwani zoyamba za konsati. Koma kenako anazindikira kufunika kotchanso gululo.
Dzina lakuti Led Zeppelin ndi ziphuphu za "Lead Airship". Atamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chingerezi, amatanthauza mawu a slang "kugwa pansi, kulephera ndi bang." Zinangopeka zokha. Mmodzi mwa oimba odziwika mwanthabwala ananeneratu za kulephera kwa oimba omwe angopangidwa kumene, ndipo adawona kuti izi ndizovuta kuti zichitike.
Tsamba linakumana ndi wosewera wa bass John Paul Jones pa ntchito zake zambiri za studio. Dzina lenileni la woimba ndi John Baldwin. M'malo a studio, luso lake lopanga zida zolimba za nyimbo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zidayamikiridwa kwambiri.
Anyamatawo adamva za woimba Robert Plant ndi drummer John Bonham kuchokera kwa abwenzi aku Birmingham. Kumeneko, otchulidwawa adasewera ndi imodzi mwamagulu amtundu wa blues. Mtsogoleri wa gulu lamtsogolo, Peter Grant, adatumiza telegalamu kwa ofuna kukambirana patelefoni.
Pambuyo pa zokambiranazi, njonda zazikuluzikuluzi zidapita ku Birmingham. Tinapita ku konsati ndi Plant ndi Bonham. Tinali otsimikiza za kuthekera kwawo kogwetsa pansi ndipo patatha sabata imodzi adaitanidwa ku London. Choyamba, Robert adalembedwa ntchito, ndipo adamunyengerera kuti alowe nawo kampani ya Bonzo ndikumukokera pambuyo pake.
Album yoyamba, mosasamala yotchedwa Led Zeppelin, inatulutsidwa kumapeto kwa 1968 pansi pa chizindikiro cha studio ya Atlantic. Uinjiniya wamawu udayendetsedwa ndi Page. Nyimbo zingapo zinasamuka kuchokera ku repertoire ya "makolo" a gulu - The Yard birds. Nyimbo imodzi idabwerekedwa kuchokera kwa wosewera wodziwika bwino wa blues Willie Dixon. Ndipo ina - yolembedwa ndi Joan Bayez, ena onse adadzipanga okha.
Otsutsa, makamaka otsutsa a ku America, sanalankhule kwambiri za chimbale, pamene anthu anagula izo mokondwera. Pambuyo pake, owunikirawo adakonzanso zowunikira zawo m'njira yabwino.
Led Zeppelin: Mwanjira komanso mwadala
Kumapeto kwa ulendo wa ku Ulaya ndi ku America, polankhula pa BBC, patatha chaka chimodzi, gululo linatulutsa chimbale chawo chachiwiri. Sanaganizirenso za dzinali kwa nthawi yayitali - Led Zeppelin II - ndipo ndi zimenezo! Zojambulira zidapangidwa m'ma studio angapo ku America - ndendende njira yotsatsira konsati.
Ntchitoyo idakhala yowoneka bwino, yokhazikika, koma yosangalatsa kwambiri. Ndipo lero nyimbo zachimbale zimapuma mwatsopano. M'masiku oyambirira a malonda, chimbale analandira udindo wa "golide"! The Beatles 'AbbeyRoad inachotsedwa pamwamba pa mndandanda. Pambuyo pake, chimbalecho chinalowa mumitundu yonse ya zabwino kwambiri.
Patatha chaka chimodzi, Led Zeppelin III adatuluka, pomwe gululo lidapanga mpukutu waung'ono kupita ku rock, ndipo adachita bwino. Pafupi ndi nyimbo zoyimba, zomveka ngati azibusa, zigawenga zamphamvu zolimba ngati Immigrant Song zidakhazikika.
Panthawiyi, Jimmy Page adapeza nyumba ya ndakatulo yoyipa yazamatsenga komanso satana Aleister Crowley, zomwe zidayambitsa mphekesera zambiri zokhuza moyo wa oimba. Iwo anaimbidwa mlandu wogwirizana ndi "mphamvu za mdima", chifukwa chokhala okonda zachinsinsi. Pambuyo pake, masoka angapo omwe mamembala a gululo adakumana nawo, anthu adaganiza zobwezera zomwe adachitazo.
Pofika pomwe imodzi mwa nyimbo zopambana kwambiri za ntchito ya Led Zeppelin pansi pa nambala IV idatulutsidwa mu 1971, chithunzi cha rockers chidasintha kwambiri. Amamva ngati nyenyezi, adayamba kuvala ma caftan owoneka bwino akamapita pa siteji, adagwiritsa ntchito ndege yapayekha m'malo mwa magalimoto oyendera alendo, ndikupumula paulendo osati m'zipinda zapa hotelo, koma adadziyitanira okha bungwe lonse.
Zoonadi, maphwando ndi kuledzera sakanatha kuchita popanda ... Koma nthawi yomweyo, anyamatawo analemba nyimbo zaumulungu. Makamaka, nyimbo yachinayi inatha ndi nyimbo ya Stairway to Heaven yomwe inadziwika kuti ndi "nyimbo yabwino kwambiri m'mbiri ya anthu".
The opus, titero, inkapangidwa mbali ziwiri - woyamba acoustic ndi wachiwiri - kuphulika, kupha ndi wotsimikiza. Zotsatira zake, "anayi" adakhala mbiri yakale yogulitsidwa kwambiri ya rock rock m'mbiri.
Led Zeppelin: m'gulu la zakuthambo
Ndi kutulutsidwa kwa chimbale chawo chachisanu mu 1972, a Zeppelins adathetsa chizoloŵezi chowerengera chimbale chilichonse chotsatira. Ntchito imeneyi inalandira dzina loyamba laulemu lakuti Nyumba za Malo Opatulika.
Ndizosangalatsa kuti kukhalapo kwa opus ya dzina lomwelo kunaganiziridwa muzinthuzo, koma sikunaphatikizidwe m'mawu omaliza, koma mozizwitsa kunawonekera mu Physical Graffiti pawiri (zabwino bwanji kuwononga!).
Mbiri ya zikuto za zotulutsidwa zonsezi ndizosangalatsa. Mu chithunzi cha "Nyumba za Oyera Mtima", achinyamata amaliseche amaliseche amakwera pamwamba pa piramidi yamwala kupita kwa mulungu wosadziwika. Maonekedwe a achinyamata adakwiyitsa okonda makhalidwe abwino, ndipo chifukwa cha ichi sikunali kotheka kutumiza mbiri yogulitsa kwa nthawi yaitali.
M’madera ena, chimbalecho chinaletsedwa, koma pamapeto pake, chithunzi cha kutsogolo kwa envelopucho chinapezeka pa mndandanda wa zivundikiro za Albums zabwino kwambiri za nthawi zonse ndi anthu.
Mawonekedwe a Physical Graffiti adawonetsa nyumba yokhala ndi mazenera odulidwa kuti awulule zithunzi zochokera mkati.
Zojambulazo zinalibe kanthu kochita: chithunzi cha Ammayi Elizabeth Taylor ndi oimira ena a bohemia, mutu wa kavalo, makalata omwe ali ndi dzina la disk, ndi zina zambiri.
Ngakhale zili zambiri mu Physical Graffiti, palibe nyimbo zodutsa. Omvera adakondanso ntchitoyi ya gulu lawo lomwe amawakonda. Mu 1975, zovuta zina zidagwera oimba: mwina Page adatsina chala chake panja pa khomo la sitima, kenako Plant adachita ngozi yagalimoto - woimbayo adathawa ndi mikwingwirima ndi kuvulala, ndipo mkazi wake adavulala kwambiri. anapulumuka pang'ono.
Kumayambiriro kwa 1976, mbiri yachisanu ndi chiwiri ya Kukhalapo inatulutsidwa - "Presence". Ndi kutulutsidwa kwa chimbale ichi, oimba anali mofulumira (mzera kujambula mu situdiyo anachepetsa Zeppelins mu nthawi), choncho zotsatira zake sizinali zimene ankayembekezera. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mafani ena amakonda ntchitoyi, koma osati kwambiri, pamene ena amaikonda kwambiri.
Chiyambi cha mapeto a Led Zeppelin
Oimbawo ankafunika kupuma kwa zaka zoposa ziwiri asanakonze nyimbo zatsopano zoti ajambule. Chowonadi ndi chakuti aliyense adayenera kudikirira nthawi yomwe Robert Plant adzatulukire kupsinjika kwake. Woimbayo adatayika: mwana wake wazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi Karak adamwalira ndi matenda am'mimba.
Kumayambiriro kwa 1979, ntchito yatsopano ya LZ yotchedwa In Through the Out Door inafika m'masitolo oimba. Kusiyanasiyana kwake kwamalembedwe komanso kupezeka kwa ukadaulo wanthawi zonse ndizodabwitsa. Otsutsa ndi anthu anazindikira ntchito imeneyi mosadziwika bwino, komabe, ogula "adavota" ndi ndalama ndipo anabweretsa Albumyo paudindo wa platinamu.
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 80, Led Zeppelin anayamba ulendo wa ku Ulaya umene unayenera kukhala womaliza. Mu Seputembala chaka chimenecho, John Bonham adapezeka atafa m'chipinda chake cha hotelo ...
Motero inatha mbiri ya gulu lalikulu la rock. Atatsala okha, oimbawo ankaona kuti n’kulakwa kupitiriza kuimba ndi dzina lomweli.
Kale pambuyo chilengezo cha kutha, mu 82 chimbale chomaliza cha Lead Airship anaonekera pa maalumali za salons nyimbo.
Anatenga dzina lalifupi koma lolondola - Coda. Iyi si nyimbo yowerengeka, koma mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zidalembedwa zaka zosiyanasiyana za gululi.
