Little Richard ndi woimba wotchuka waku America, wopeka, wolemba nyimbo komanso wosewera. Iye anali kutsogolo kwa rock ndi roll. Dzina lake linali logwirizana kwambiri ndi luso lopanga zinthu. Iye "anakweza" Paul McCartney ndi Elvis Presley, anathetsa tsankho ku nyimbo. Uyu ndi mmodzi mwa oimba oyambirira omwe dzina lawo linali mu Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
Pa Meyi 9, 2020, Richard Wamng'ono adamwalira. Anamwalira, akusiya nyimbo zambiri monga kukumbukira kwake.
Ubwana ndi unyamata wa Little Richard
Richard Wayne Penniman anabadwa December 5, 1932 mumzinda wa Macon (Georgia). Mnyamatayo anakulira m'banja lalikulu. Anapeza dzina loti "Richard Wamng'ono" pazifukwa. Zoona zake n’zakuti mnyamatayo anali mwana wowonda kwambiri komanso wamfupi. Atakhala kale munthu wamkulu, adatenga dzina lake ngati pseudonym yolenga.
Bambo ndi amayi ake a mnyamatayo ankadzitcha Chipulotesitanti mwachangu. Izi sizinalepheretse Charles Penniman, monga dikoni, kukhala ndi kalabu yausiku ndi bootlegging pa Kuletsa. Kuyambira ali mwana, Richard wamng'ono ankakondanso zachipembedzo. Mnyamatayu ankakonda kwambiri gulu lachipentekoste lachikoka. Zonse ndi chifukwa cha chikondi cha Chipentekoste pa nyimbo.
Uthenga wabwino ndi ochita zauzimu ndi mafano oyamba a munthu. Iye ananena mobwerezabwereza kuti ngati akanapanda kudzazidwa ndi chipembedzo, ndiye kuti dzina lake silikanadziwika kwa anthu onse.
Mu 1970, Little Richard anakhala wansembe. Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri n’chakuti anachita ntchito ya wansembe mpaka imfa yake. Little anaika abwenzi ake, anachita miyambo yaukwati, anakonza maholide osiyanasiyana tchalitchi. Nthawi zina anthu oposa 20 zikwizikwi amasonkhana pansi pa nyumbayi kuti amvetsere masewero a "bambo wa rock and roll." Nthawi zambiri ankalalikira kugwirizana kwa mafuko.
Njira yolenga ya Little Richard
Zonse zidayamba ndi malingaliro a Billy Wright. Analangiza Little Richard kuti atsanulire malingaliro ake mu nyimbo. Mwa njira, Billy anathandizira pakupanga kalembedwe ka siteji ya woimba. Pompadour makongoletsedwe, yopapatiza ndi woonda masharubu, ndipo, ndithudi, zokopa, koma nthawi yomweyo laconic zodzoladzola.
Mu 1955, Little Richard anatulutsa nyimbo yake yoyamba, yomwe inamupangitsa kukhala wotchuka. Tikukamba za nyimbo ya Tutti Frutti. Kapangidwe kake kamadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a woyimbayo. Nyimboyi, monga Little Richard mwiniyo, idakhala yokopa, yowala, yokhudzidwa. Zolembazo zidakhala zodziwika bwino, makamaka, komanso nyimbo yotsatira Long Tall Sally. Nyimbo zonse ziwirizi zidagulitsidwa makope opitilira 1 miliyoni.
Pamaso pa Little Richard anaonekera pa siteji mu America, anakonza zoimbaimba "akuda" ndi "azungu". Wojambulayo analola kuti onse awiri amumvetsere. Komabe, okonza makonsatiwo ankakonda kugawanitsa khamulo. Mwachitsanzo, anthu akhungu lakuda ankawaika pakhonde, pamene akhungu ankawaika pafupi ndi malo ovina. Richard anayesa kufufuta "mafelemu".
Ngakhale kutchuka kwa nyimbo za Little Richard, ma Albums ake sanagulitse bwino. Sanalandire kalikonse kuchokera muzolembedwa zomwe zidatulutsidwa. Nthawi inafika pamene wojambulayo anakana kuchita pa siteji konse. Anabwereranso ku chipembedzo. Ndipo kugunda kwake kodziwika bwino, Tutti Frutti, adapitilizabe kusewera pamawayilesi.
Richard wamng'ono, atachoka pa siteji, adatcha rock and roll nyimbo za Satana. M'zaka za m'ma 1960, wojambulayo adatembenukira ku nyimbo za uthenga wabwino. Kenako sanakonzekere kubwerera ku siteji yayikulu.
Kubwerera kwa Richard pang'ono ku siteji
Posakhalitsa Richard wamng'ono anabwerera ku siteji. Pachifukwa ichi, munthu ayenera kuthokoza ntchito ya magulu odziwika bwino a Beatles ndi Rolling Stones, omwe wojambulayo adachita nawo mu 1962 ndi 1963. Pambuyo pake Mig Jagger anati:
"Ndamvapo nthawi zambiri kuti masewero a Little Richard amachitika pamlingo waukulu, koma sindinaganizirepo za kukula kwake. Nditaona kayimbidwe ka woimbayo ndi maso anga, ndinadzigwira kuganiza kuti: Richard wamng’ono ndi chilombo cholusa.
Kuyambira pomwe wojambulayo adabwerera ku siteji, adayesetsa kuti asasinthe rock ndi roll. Anasiyidwa ndi mamiliyoni a mafani padziko lonse lapansi, koma mphindi yaulemerero idasokonezedwa ndi chizolowezi. Richard wachichepere anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Chikoka cha Little Richard
Mukayang'ana pa discography ya Little Richard, ili ndi ma studio 19. Filmography ikuphatikizapo 30 ntchito zoyenera. Makanema oimba a woimbayo, omwe amawonetsa zomwe "zinapweteketsa" anthu azaka zapitazi, amayenera kusamala kwambiri.
Ntchito ya Little Richard inakhudzanso oimba ena odziwika bwino. Michael Jackson ndi Freddie Mercury, Paul McCartney ndi George Harrison (The Beatles) ndi Mick Jagger ndi Keith Richards wochokera ku (The Rolling Stones), Elton John ndi ena "adapumira" luso la wojambula wakuda.
Little Richard moyo waumwini
Moyo wa Richard wamng'ono unali wodzaza ndi nthawi zabwino komanso zosaiŵalika. Ali unyamata, anayesa zovala za akazi ndikudzola zodzoladzola. Kalankhulidwe kake kanali ngati zizolowezi za mzimayi. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mkulu wa banjalo anatulutsa mwana wake panja ali ndi zaka 15 zokha.
Ali ndi zaka 20, mnyamatayo mwadzidzidzi anazindikira kuti amakonda kuwonera zochitika zapamtima zomwe zimachitika pakati pa anthu. Kuti aziyang’aniridwa, iye mobwerezabwereza anathera m’malo olandidwa ufulu. Mmodzi mwa ozunzidwa ndi voyeurism yake anali Audrey Robinson. Richard wamng'ono anali ndi chibwenzi naye chapakati pa zaka za m'ma 1950. Mu mbiri yake yolenga, wojambulayo adawonetsa kuti mobwerezabwereza adapereka mayi wamtima wake kwa abwenzi, akuwonera ndi chidwi chowonetsera kugonana.
Mu October 1957, Little Richard anakumana ndi mkazi wake wam'tsogolo Ernestine Harvin. Patapita zaka zingapo, banjali linakwatirana. Awiriwa analibe ana limodzi, koma adatengera mnyamata, Danny Jones. M’zokumbukira zake, Ernestine anafotokoza moyo wake waukwati ndi Little kukhala “moyo wabanja wachimwemwe wokhala ndi maunansi owonekera bwino a kugonana.”
Ernestina mu 1964 adalengeza kuti adasudzulana. Chifukwa cha kulekana chinali ntchito yosalekeza ya mwamuna wake. Richard wamng'ono analankhula za momwe sakanatha kusankha zochita pa nkhani ya kugonana.
Kukonda kwa akatswiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
Wojambulayo ankasokonezeka nthawi zonse mu umboni wake wokhudzana ndi zomwe akupita. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1995, atafunsidwa ndi buku lina lochititsa chidwi kwambiri, iye anati: “Ndakhala ndikuchita zachiwerewere kwa moyo wanga wonse. Patapita nthawi, kuyankhulana kudasindikizidwa m'magazini ya Mojo momwe nyenyeziyo inalankhula za kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Mu gawo la Okutobala 2017 la Three Angels Broadcasting Network, Little adatcha ziwonetsero zonse zosagwirizana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha "matenda".
Wojambulayo nthawi zonse ankatsatira dzina lake. Iwo ndithudi sangatchedwe undersized. Kutalika kwa munthu wotchuka ndi masentimita 178. Koma mwamunayo m'zaka za m'ma 1970 adaseka kuti zingakhale zomveka kumutcha kuti Lil Cocaine. Zonse ndi za kumwerekera ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1950, Little Richard ankakhala ndi moyo wabwino. Mwamunayo sankamwa kapena kusuta. Patapita zaka 10, anayamba kusuta fodya. Mu 1972, wojambulayo adagwiritsa ntchito cocaine. Patapita zaka zingapo, anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito heroin ndi fumbi la angelo.
Mwina wotchuka sakanatuluka mu "gehena". Komabe, pambuyo pa imfa zingapo za okondedwa, adatha kupeza mphamvu mwa iye yekha kupanga moyo wosangalala, popanda doping yowonjezera.
Little Richard: mfundo zosangalatsa
- Richard anatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha mgwirizano ndi nyimbo yotchedwa Specialty Records.
- Mpaka 2010, Little Richard adayendera kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri zisudzo zake zinachitika ku United States of America ndi mayiko a ku Ulaya.
- Woyimba wachizungu Pat Boone adalemba nyimbo ya Little Richard ya Tutti Frutti. Kuphatikiza apo, mtundu wake udachita bwino kwambiri pa chart ya Billboard singles kuposa choyambirira.
- Richard wamng'ono analankhula potsegulira Purezidenti wa US Bill Clinton.
- Mawu a woimbayo akumveka mu mndandanda wazithunzi "The Simpsons". Woimbayo adadziwonetsera yekha mu gawo la 7 la nyengo ya 14.
Imfa ya Little Richard
Wojambulayo adakhala zaka 87. Richard Wamng'ono adamwalira pa Meyi 9, 2020. Anamwalira chifukwa cha zovuta za khansa ya mafupa. Chifukwa cha mliri wa coronavirus, malirowo anali pafupi ndi achibale. Wojambulayo anaikidwa m'manda ku Chatsworth Cemetery, m'dera la Los Angeles (California).
