Maria Maksakova ndi Soviet opera woimba. Ngakhale zinali choncho, mbiri yojambula ya wojambulayo inakula bwino. Maria adathandizira kwambiri pakukula kwa nyimbo za opera.
Maksakova anali mwana wamkazi wa wamalonda ndi mkazi wa nzika yachilendo. Iye anabala mwana kwa munthu amene anathawa USSR. Woimba wa zisudzo anatha kupeŵa kuponderezedwa. Komanso, Maria anapitiriza kuchita udindo waukulu mu zisudzo waukulu wa Soviet Union. Opera diva yakhala ikupereka mphoto ndi mphoto za boma mobwerezabwereza.
Ubwana ndi unyamata wa wojambula Maria Maksakova
Maria Maksakova anabadwa mu 1902 ku Astrakhan. Namwali dzina la woimba opera - Sidorova. Maria - wamng'ono wa ana a Astrakhan zombo wantchito Pyotr Vasilyevich ndi mkazi wake Lyudmila, amene anali wamba wamba mkazi.
Mtsikanayo anayenera kukula msanga. Bambo ake anamwalira ali wamng’ono. Pofuna kuti asamalemetse banja ndi ndalama zolipirira, Maria anayamba kudzipezera yekha ndalama. Maksakova anaimba kwaya ya tchalitchi. Kuimba kunamusangalatsa Masha kwambiri. Analota za siteji yaikulu.
Chiyambi cha ntchito ya woimba Maria Maksakova
Maria adalandira maphunziro ake odziwika bwino ku Astrakhan College of Music, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1900. Inali nthawi imeneyi pamene nkhondo yapachiweniweni inayamba. Maria anapereka zoimbaimba pamaso pa asilikali a Red Army, kulimbikitsa asilikali ndi kuimba.
Mu 1919, mu mzinda wa Krasny Yar, woyimba anachita mbali ya zisudzo kwa nthawi yoyamba. Zimene anachitazi zinachititsa chidwi anthu ambiri moti anthuwo anasangalala kwambiri ndi mnyamatayu.
Pambuyo pake, Maria anabwera kudzagwira ntchito ku gulu la Opera la Astrakhan. Asanalembetse, adafunsidwa kuti achite nawo gawo la opera "Eugene Onegin" ndi P. I. Tchaikovsky. Iye anamaliza ntchito. Zomwe woyimbayo adalankhula zidapangitsa chidwi kwambiri kwa amalonda. Maria Maksakova analembedwa ntchito.
Si onse amene anasangalala ndi Mariya. Mamembala a gululo ankasilira mtsikana walusoyo mosabisa kanthu. Iwo ankamuchitira miseche kumbuyo kwake, akumafalitsa mphekesera zopanda pake. Iwo ankafuna kupeputsa ulamuliro wa Maksakova, koma khalidwe la Maria linali lamphamvu kwambiri moti zoyesayesa zonse za anthu opanda nzeru sizinaphule kanthu.
Nthawi ina adamva momwe amanenera za iye kuti: "Sadziwa kuyenda mozungulira siteji, koma amapempha kuti akhale woimba." M'makumbukiro ake, opera diva adakumbukira kuti anali wopusa komanso wopusa kotero kuti adayima kumbuyo, kuyang'ana pamayendedwe a odziwa zambiri. Maria anayesa kutengera khalidwe la oimba odziwa bwino ntchito, osazindikira kuti anali wodzidalira komanso wosangalatsa kwa anthu.
Posakhalitsa udindo wa mutu wa gululo unatengedwa ndi mphunzitsi ndi wamalonda Maximilian Schwartz, amene anachita pansi pa pseudonym Maksakov. Bamboyo anakwiyitsa Maria ndi mawu akuti satha kulamulira bwino mawu ake ndipo angachite zambiri ngati angaphunzire ndi mphunzitsi. Maria anatsatira malangizo a Schwartz. Anayamba kukulitsa luso lake la mawu.
Creative njira Maria Maksakova
Mu 1923, Maria Maksakova anaonekera koyamba pa siteji ya Bolshoi Theatre. Adayimba mbali za Amneris mu Aida ya Giuseppe Verdi. SERGEY Lemeshev anapezeka pa sewero loyamba la opera diva. Kenako anali akuphunzirabe kusukulu yophunzitsa anthu maphunziro. Wojambula wa anthu am'tsogolo adadabwa ndi mawu a Mary ndi kuthekera kwake kukhalabe pa siteji. Anakopeka ndi kukongola kwa woimbayo, makamaka thupi lake lochepa thupi komanso mawonekedwe ake ogwirizana.
Nyimbo za Maria zinkawonjezeredwa ndi maphwando atsopano chaka chilichonse. Anasewera mu zisudzo "Carmen" ndi Georges Bizet, "The Snow Maiden" ndi "May Night" ndi Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, "Lohengrin" ndi Richard Wagner. Kutchuka kwa woimbayo kwawonjezeka kwambiri.
Maria Maksakova, mosiyana ndi zomwe zinachitika, sanalephere kuchita mbali za olemba Soviet. Mwachitsanzo, woimba nawo kupanga Arseny Gladkovsky ndi Yevgeny Prussak "Kwa Red Petrograd". Iye anali woyamba kuimba udindo wa Almast mu opera dzina lomwelo ndi Alexander Stipendiarov.
Wokondedwa wa Stalin, mwezi umodzi pambuyo pa imfa ya mtsogoleriyo, adapuma pantchito mosayembekezereka. Kwa iye, zimenezi zinali zodabwitsa, popeza Mariya anali ndi zaka 51 zokha. Maksakova sanadabwe nazo. Adachita zachikondi ndikuphunzitsa ku GITIS.
Posakhalitsa Maria anali wokondedwa wake woyamba - Tamara Milashkina. Anayang'anira wadi yake ndipo adathandizira kwambiri kukula kwa Tamara monga woyimba wa zisudzo.
Maria Maksakova adathandizira kwambiri pakukula kwa zisudzo zaku Russia. Chifukwa cha zokuzira mawu, kutanthauzira kwa woyimba wachikondi kumakumbukiridwa ndi anthu ambiri aku Soviet monga akale. Ngakhale izi, iye analandira mutu wa "Wojambula wa Anthu" mu 1971.
Maria Maksakova moyo
Mwamuna woyamba wa opera woimba anali wamasiye Maksakov. Palibe kusiyana kwakukulu kwa zaka, kapena kuti Maksakov anali nzika ziwiri sizinalepheretse chimwemwe cha banja. Baibulo lina limati Xenia Jordanskaya (mkazi wa Maksakov) anamuuza kuti akwatire Mariya asanamwalire.
Mwamuna wa Maria adagwiritsa ntchito kugwirizana kofunikira kuti alandire mkazi wake wamng'ono ku gulu la Bolshoi Theatre. Moyo waumwini ndi wolenga wa okwatiranawo unali wogwirizana kwambiri. Woimbayo anakumbukira kuti nyimbo iliyonse ikatha, okwatiranawo ankasonkhana n’kumaganizira zolakwa zimene ankalakwitsa poimba.
Mu 1936 mwamuna wake Maria Maksakova anamwalira. Komabe, iye sanakhale wamasiye kwa nthaŵi yaitali. Posakhalitsa mkaziyo anakwatiwa ndi kazembe Yakov Davtyan. Moyo wabanja ndi Yakobo unali wabata ndi wabata. Mapeto a chisangalalo adayikidwa ndi kumangidwa ndi kuphedwa kwa kazembeyo.
Ana a wojambula
Ali ndi zaka 38, Maria Maksakova anakhala mayi. Iye anabala mwana wamkazi, amene anamutcha Lyudmila. Iwo ananena kuti mkaziyo anabereka Alexander Volkov. Mwamunayo adagwiranso ntchito ku Bolshoi Theatre. M'zaka za nkhondo, iye anakakamizika kusiya USSR ndi kupita ku America.
Patronymic "Vasilievna" Lyudmila Maksakova anapatsidwa ndi bwenzi lapamtima la amayi ake otchuka, wantchito wa mabungwe chitetezo boma Vasily Novikov. Kuphatikiza apo, palinso mtundu wina wa kubadwa kwa mwana wamkazi. Iwo amanena kuti Maria anabala Joseph Stalin, amene anali zimakupiza wa woimba opera.
Lyudmila anamaliza maphunziro a Higher Theatre School wotchedwa M. S. Shchepkin. Pa nthawi ya 2020, mayi adalembedwa m'gulu la maphunziro ngati mphunzitsi. Anadzizindikira yekha ngati wosewera. Zina mwa maudindo ochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi Maksakova: Tanya Ogneva (mu sewero la Isidor Annensky "Tsiku la Tatiana"), Rosalind Aizenstein (mu filimu ya Johann Strauss operetta "Die Fledermaus") ndi Abiti Emily Brent ( "Ten Little Indians"). .
Mwana wamkazi sanatengere mawu achidule a amayi ake aluso. Koma iye anabwereza tsogolo lake. Mfundo ndi yakuti Lyudmila anakwatiwa kawiri. Mu 1970, Lyudmila anabala mwana wa wojambula Felix-Lev Zbarsky. Patapita zaka ziwiri, mwamuna wake anasamuka ku Soviet Union.
Zaka 5 pambuyo pa imfa ya Maria Maksakova, mdzukulu wake anabadwa, dzina lake la opera diva. Mwa njira, Maria Maksakova Jr. ndi media media. Mkaziyo ndi mbali ya Mariinsky Theatre ndipo ndi kazembe wakale wa State Duma la Russia. Mu 2016, wotchuka anasamukira ku dera la Ukraine.
Zochititsa chidwi za Maria Maksakova
- Pa chipilala cha Mariya, palembedwa dzina lake lachimuna.
- Chiwembu cha filimu ya Eldar Ryazanov "Station for Two" inali nthawi ya moyo wa Maksakova.
- Mwamuna wachiwiri wa opera woimba anatsogolera kukonzanso Leningrad Polytechnic Institute.
Imfa ya Maria Maksakova
Maria Petrovna Maksakova anamwalira mu August 1974. Patsiku la malirowo, anthu ambiri anasonkhana. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti palibe amene wavulazidwa, apolisi anakwera kuzungulira.
Opera diva anaikidwa pa Vvedensky manda a likulu la Chitaganya cha Russia. Mu mzinda kwawo, msewu, lalikulu, ndi philharmonic amatchedwa Maria Maksakova. Kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, chikondwerero cha nyimbo chotchedwa Valeria Barsova ndi Maria Maksakova chakhazikitsidwa ku Astrakhan.
