Palibe gulu lodziwika bwino la rock padziko lonse lapansi kuposa Metallica. Gulu loimba limeneli limasonkhanitsa masitediyamu ngakhale kumadera akutali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo nthaŵi zonse amakopa chidwi cha aliyense.
Njira zoyamba za Metallica
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, nyimbo za ku America zinasintha kwambiri. M'malo mwa nyimbo zamtundu wa hard rock ndi heavy metal, nyimbo zolimba mtima zidawonekera. Iwo ankasiyanitsidwa ndi kulimbikira kwaukali ndi tempo ya mawu.
Kenako zitsulo zothamanga zidawonekera, momwe nyenyezi zaku Britain zochokera kugulu la Motӧrhead zidawala. American mobisa "adatengera" kuyendetsa kwa British ndi "kulumikiza" ndi phokoso la punk rock.
Chotsatira chake, mtundu watsopano wa nyimbo zolemera unayamba kuonekera - zitsulo za thrash. Mmodzi mwa oimira chachikulu cha mtunduwu, atayima pa chiyambi, ndi Metallica.
Gululi lidapangidwa ndi James Hetfield ndi Lars Ulrich pa Okutobala 28, 1981. Oimbawo, atadzazidwa ndi chidwi, nthawi yomweyo anayamba kupanga nyimbo ndi kufunafuna anthu amaganizo ofanana. Monga mbali ya gulu, oimba achinyamata ambiri anatha kuimba.
Makamaka, kwa nthawi ndithu gitala wamkulu anali Dave Mustaine, amene Hetfield ndi Ulrich anathamangitsa gulu chifukwa cha khalidwe losayenera. Kirk Hammett ndi Cliff Burton posakhalitsa adalowa nawo mgululi. Luso lawo linakhudza kwambiri omwe anayambitsa Metallica.
Los Angeles anapitirizabe kukhala malo obadwirako glam rock. Ndipo a thrash metalists adakakamizika kumenyedwa nthawi zonse ndi opikisana nawo. Gululo lidaganiza zokhazikika ku San Francisco, komwe adasaina pangano ndi gulu lodziyimira pawokha la Megaforce Records. Chimbale choyambirira, Kill 'Em All, chinajambulidwa kumeneko ndikutulutsidwa kumapeto kwa 1983.
Kupeza kutchuka Metallica
Tsopano Kill 'Em All ndi mtundu wamtundu wa thrash metal womwe wasintha mawonekedwe amtundu wonse. Ngakhale kuti palibe kupambana kwa malonda, patatha chaka chimodzi oimba adatha kutulutsa chimbale chawo chachiwiri, Ride the Lightning.
Mbiriyo inali yosinthasintha. Muli ndi ziphaliwali zonse, zofananira ndi mtundu wachitsulo / liwiro, ndi nyimbo zoyimba. Kapangidwe ka Fade to Black wakhala chimodzi mwazodziwika kwambiri pantchito ya gululo.
Kuchoka pamayendedwe owongoka kunapindulitsa Metallica. Kapangidwe kawokhako kamakhala kovutirapo komanso kaukadaulo, komwe kumasiyanitsa gululo ndi magulu ena azitsulo.
Mafani a Metallica anali kukula mwachangu, zomwe zidakopa chidwi cha zilembo zazikulu. Atasaina pangano ndi chizindikiro cha Elektra Records, oimbawo adayamba kupanga chimbale chomwe chidakhala pachimake pa ntchito yawo.
Chimbale cha Master of Puppets ndichopambana kwenikweni mu gawo lanyimbo la 1980s. Albumyi idalandiridwa mwachikondi ndi otsutsa, akutenga malo a 29 mu Billboard 2000.
Kukula kwa kupambana kwa gululi kunathandizidwanso ndi kusewera ndi nthano ya Ozzy Osborne, yemwe anali pachimake cha kutchuka kwake. Gulu laling'onolo linapita kuulendo waukulu wapadziko lonse, womwe umayenera kukhala wofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko cha gulu la Metallica. Koma kupambana komwe kunagunda oimba kunaphimbidwa ndi tsoka lowopsa lomwe lidachitika pa Seputembara 27, 1986.
Imfa ya Cliff Burton
Paulendo wina wa ku Ulaya, panachitika ngozi yomwe Cliff Burton woimba bass anamwalira momvetsa chisoni. Zinachitika pamaso pa oimba ena onse. Zinawatengera nthawi yaitali kuti achire chifukwa cha manthawo.
Osataya mnzako yekha, komanso bwenzi lapamtima, atatu otsalawo adakhalabe m'malingaliro omvetsa chisoni za tsogolo la gululo. Ngakhale kuti panali tsoka lalikulu, Hatfield, Hammett ndi Ulrich analamulira zinthu, kuyamba kufunafuna m'malo oyenera. Patapita miyezi ingapo, malo wa womwalirayo Cliff Burton anatengedwa ndi luso wosewera bass Jason Newsted. Anali ndi zochitika zazikulu za konsati.
Chilungamo kwa Onse
Jason Newsted adalowa nawo gululi mwachangu, akusewera ulendo wapadziko lonse lapansi womwe wayimitsidwa ndi Metallica mpaka kumapeto. Yakwana nthawi yoti mulembe mbiri yatsopano.
Mu 1988, chimbale choyamba chopambana cha gululi, ... And Justice for All, chinatulutsidwa. Adapeza udindo wa platinamu m'masabata 9. Chimbalecho chidakhalanso choyamba mugululi kugunda 10 zapamwamba (malinga ndi Billboard 200).
Albumyi idakali m'mphepete pakati pa thrash metal aggression ndi nyimbo za heavy metal. Gululo linapanga nyimbo zothamanga kwambiri komanso nyimbo zamitundu yambiri zomwe sizinagwirizane ndi mtundu wina.
Ngakhale adachita bwino, gululo lidaganiza zosiya njira yomwe idawayimitsa ngati imodzi mwamagulu achitsulo opambana kwambiri theka lachiwiri lazaka za m'ma 1980.
Kuyesera kwa Metallica ndi mitundu
Popeza nyimbo yotchedwa "wakuda", yomwe idatulutsidwa mu 1990, kalembedwe ka Metallica kwakhala kogulitsa kwambiri. Gululo linasiya mfundo za zitsulo zotchedwa thrash metal, zomwe zimagwira ntchito molunjika ku heavy metal.
Kuchokera pakuwona kutchuka kwakukulu ndi atolankhani, izi zidapita kwa oimba mokomera. Chimbale chodzitcha yekha chidakhala chimbale chogulitsidwa kwambiri m'mbiri, atapambana platinamu nthawi 16 motsatizana. Komanso, mbiriyo idatenga malo a 1 pama chart, osasiya mndandanda kwa masabata a 282.
Kenako gululo linasiyanso njira imeneyi. Panali ma Albums "olephera" Load and Reload. Mu chimango chawo, Metallica ntchito motsogozedwa ndi grunge ndi mtundu wa zitsulo zina, amene anali yapamwamba mu 1990s.
Kwa zaka zingapo, gululo linakumana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana. Choyamba, gululo linachoka ku Jason Newsted. Kenako James Hattfield anapita ku chithandizo chokakamizika cha kumwerekera kwa uchidakwa.
Yaitali kulenga vuto
Ntchito yolenga ya Metallica inakhala yosatheka kwambiri. Ndipo kokha mu 2003 Album yatsopano ya gulu lodziwika bwino linatulutsidwa. Chifukwa cha St. Gulu la Anger linalandira Mphotho ya Grammy komanso kutsutsidwa kwambiri.
Phokoso "laiwisi", kusowa kwa gitala, komanso mawu otsika kwambiri ochokera ku Hetfield amatsutsa zomwe Metallica adapeza pazaka 20 zapitazi.
Bwererani ku mizu
Izi sizinalepheretse gululo kusonkhanitsa maholo akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi. Kwa zaka zambiri, gulu la Metallica linayenda padziko lonse lapansi, likupeza ndalama kuchokera ku zisudzo zamakonsati. Pokhapokha mu 2008 oimba adatulutsa chimbale chawo chotsatira cha Death Magnetic.
Kuti "mafani" akondweretse, oimba apanga imodzi mwa Albums zabwino kwambiri za thrash metal za m'zaka za zana la XNUMX. Ngakhale mtunduwo, anali ma ballads omwe adakhala opambana kwambiri momwemonso. Nyimbo za The Day That Never Comes ndi The Unforgiven III zidalowa pamndandanda wagululo, zomwe zidadziwika kwambiri m'nthawi yathu ino.
Metallica tsopano
Mu 2016, chimbale chakhumi cha Hardwired… to Self-Destruct chinatulutsidwa, mofanana ndi chimbale cha Death Magnetic chomwe chinajambulidwa zaka 8 zapitazo.
Ngakhale kuti ali ndi zaka, oimba a Metallica akupitirizabe kugwira ntchito mwakhama, kupereka chiwonetsero chimodzi pambuyo pa chimzake. Koma sizikudziwika kuti oimba adzakondweretsa liti "mafani" ndi nyimbo zatsopano.
