Nina Simone ndi woimba wodziwika bwino, wopeka, wokonza komanso woyimba piyano. Anatsatira nyimbo za jazi, koma adatha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Nina anasakaniza mwaluso jazi, mzimu, nyimbo za pop, uthenga wabwino ndi ma blues muzolemba, kujambula nyimbo ndi gulu lalikulu la oimba.
Fans amakumbukira Simone ngati woyimba waluso wokhala ndi munthu wamphamvu kwambiri. Mopupuluma, wowala komanso wodabwitsa, Nina adasangalatsa mafani a jazi ndi mawu ake mpaka 2003. Imfa ya woimbayo sichimasokoneza nyimbo zake ndipo lero zikumveka kuchokera kumalo osiyanasiyana ndi mawailesi.
Ubwana ndi unyamata Eunice Kathleen Waymon
M'chigawo cha North Carolina m'tawuni yaing'ono ya Tryon, February 21, 1933, Eunice Kathleen Waymon (dzina lenileni la nyenyezi yamtsogolo) anabadwa. Mtsikanayo anabadwira m’banja la wansembe wamba. Eunice anakumbukira kuti iye, limodzi ndi makolo ake ndi alongo ake, anali kukhala moyo wosalira zambiri.
Chinthu chokhacho chapamwamba m’nyumbamo chinali piyano yakale. Kuyambira ali ndi zaka 3, Eunice wamng’ono anasonyeza chidwi ndi chida choimbira ndipo posakhalitsa anaphunzira kuimba piyano.
Mtsikanayo ankaimba limodzi ndi azilongo ake kusukulu ya tchalitchi. Pambuyo pake adaphunziranso maphunziro a piyano. Eunice ankafuna kuti adzakhale woimba piyano. Anakhala usana ndi usiku akumayeseza. Ali ndi zaka 10, ntchito yoyamba ya Nina inachitika mu laibulale ya mumzinda. Owonera khumi ndi awiri osamala ochokera ku tawuni ya Tryon adabwera kudzawonera masewera a mtsikana waluso.
Mabwenzi apamtima a m'banjamo adathandizira kuti mtsikanayo adalandira maphunziro a nyimbo. Eunice anakhala wophunzira wa sukulu imodzi yotchuka kwambiri ya nyimbo, Juilliard School of Music. Anaphatikiza maphunziro ake ndi ntchito. Anayenera kugwira ntchito ngati woperekeza, chifukwa makolo ake sakanatha kumupatsa moyo wabwino.
Anakwanitsa kumaliza maphunziro ake ndi ulemu ku Juilliard School of Music. Kuyamba ntchito yake ngati woyimba piyano m'malo a Atlantic City mu 1953, adaganiza zotengera dzina lachinyengo polemekeza wosewera yemwe amamukonda Simone Signoret.
Nina Simon adapereka chopereka cha Duke Ellington kwa okonda nyimbo koyambirira kwa 1960s. Albumyi ili ndi ma ballads ochokera ku nyimbo za Broadway. Wofuna nyenyeziyo adadziyika yekha ngati woyimba, komanso ngati wokonza, wochita zisudzo, komanso wovina.
Njira yolenga ya Nina Simon
Nina Simon kuyambira pachiyambi cha ntchito yake yolenga anali wopindulitsa kwambiri. Ndizovuta kukhulupirira, koma pa ntchito yake yolenga anatulutsa Albums 170, kuphatikizapo situdiyo ndi zojambulira moyo, amene iye anachita zoposa 320 nyimbo.
The zikuchokera woyamba, chifukwa Nina anapeza kutchuka, anali aria ku opera George Gershwin. Ndi za nyimbo I Loves You, Porgy!. Simon adaphimba nyimboyo, ndipo nyimbo yomwe adayimba idamveka "mithunzi" yosiyana kwambiri.
Zolemba za woimbayo zidawonjezeredwanso ndi chimbale chake choyambirira cha Little Girl Blue (1957). Zosonkhanitsazo zinali ndi nyimbo za jazi zokhudza mtima komanso zogwira mtima, zomwe adachita pambuyo pake.
M'zaka za m'ma 1960, woimbayo anayamba kugwirizana ndi Colpix Records. Kenako nyimbo zinatuluka zomwe zinali pafupi kwambiri mumzimu wa Nina Simon. Pakatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 1960, imodzi mwazolemba zodziwika bwino za discography ya oimbayo inatulutsidwa. Zachidziwikire, tikulankhula za chimbale chaluso I Put a Spellon You. Chimbalecho chinali ndi nyimbo ya dzina lomwelo, yomwe idakhala yodziwika bwino, komanso nyimbo yosatsutsika ya Feeling Good.
Mtundu wa nyimbo zauzimu zaku Africa-America Sinnerman uyenera kusamaliridwa mwapadera. Nina adaphatikizanso nyimbo yomwe idaperekedwa mu Pastel Blues disc. Purezidenti wakale waku America adanenanso kuti nyimboyi ikuphatikizidwa pamndandanda wa nyimbo 10 zomwe amakonda.
Zolengedwa zoyambirira komanso zoyambirira zimamvekabe m'makanema a TV ndi makanema ("Thomas Crown Affair", "Miami PD: Vice department", "Cellular", "Lucifer", "Sherlock", etc.). Ndizodabwitsa kuti nyimboyo imatha mphindi 10. Pambuyo kuwonetsera kwa chimbale Wild ndi Wind (1966), kuphatikizapo nyimbo za mtundu wa pop-soul, Nina anapatsidwa dzina lakuti "ansembe a moyo".
Nzika ya Nina Simone
Ntchito ya Nina Simon imayenderana ndi maudindo a anthu komanso anthu wamba. Mu nyimbo, woimba nthawi zambiri anakhudza nkhani yovuta kwambiri, kuphatikizapo anthu amakono - kufanana kwa anthu akuda.
Mawu a m’nyimbozi ali ndi mawu okhudza nkhani za chikhalidwe ndi ndale. Chifukwa chake, nyimbo ya Mississippi Goddam idakhala yodziwika bwino yandale. Nyimboyi inalembedwa pambuyo pa kuphedwa kwa womenyera ufulu Medgar Evers, komanso pambuyo pa kuphulika ku bungwe la maphunziro lomwe linapha ana angapo akuda. Mawu a nyimboyi akuitana kutenga njira yolimbana ndi tsankho.
Nina ankadziwana ndi Martin Luther King. Atakumana, woimbayo anapatsidwa dzina lina lakutchulidwa - "Martin Luther mu siketi." Simon sankachita mantha kufotokoza maganizo ake kwa anthu. M'zolemba zake, adakhudza mitu yomwe idadetsa nkhawa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri.
Kusamutsa Nina Simone kupita ku France
Posakhalitsa, Nina adalengeza kwa mafani kuti sangakhalenso ku United States. Patapita nthawi, anasamukira ku Barbados, kumene anasamukira ku France, kumene anakhala mpaka mapeto a moyo wake. Kuyambira 1970 mpaka 1978 Zojambula za woyimbayo zawonjezeredwanso ndi ma Albums ena asanu ndi awiri.
Mu 1993, Simone anapereka buku lomaliza la discography yake, A Single Woman. Nina adalengeza kuti alibe malingaliro ojambuliranso ma Albums. Ngakhale woimbayo sanasiye ntchito zoimbaimba mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990.
Pokhala akatswiri odziwika bwino, zolemba za Nina Simone zimakhalabe zofunika kwa omvera amakono. Nthawi zambiri, nyimbo zachikuto zoyambilira zimajambulidwa panyimbo za woyimbayo.
Moyo waumwini wa Nina Simone
Mu 1958, Nina Simone anakwatira kwa nthawi yoyamba. Msungwanayo anali ndi chikondi chowoneka bwino ndi bartender Don Ross, chomwe chinatha chaka 1. Simon sankakonda kuganizira za mwamuna wake woyamba. Analankhula zakuti akufuna kuyiwala gawo ili la moyo wake.
Mkazi wachiwiri wa nyenyezi anali wapolisi wa Harlem Andrew Stroud. Awiriwo adakwatirana mu 1961. Nina mobwerezabwereza ananena kuti Andrew anachita mbali yofunika osati pa moyo wake, komanso kukhala wojambula.
Andrew anali munthu woganiza kwambiri. Ukwati utatha, adasiya ntchito yake yaupolisi ndipo adakhala woyang'anira wa Simone. Iye ankalamulira kotheratu ntchito ya mkazi wake.
M'buku lake la autobiographical "I Curse You," Nina adanena kuti mwamuna wake wachiwiri anali wankhanza. Adafuna kuti abwerere kwathunthu pa siteji. Andrew anamenya mkazi. Iye ananyozedwa.
Nina Simone sakutsimikiza kuti njira zomwe Andrew adasankha zinali zolondola. Komabe, mkaziyo samakana kuti popanda kuthandizidwa ndi mkazi wake wachiwiri, sakadafika pazitali zomwe adazigonjetsa.
Kubadwa kwa mwana wamkazi
Mu 1962, banjali anali ndi mwana wamkazi, Liz. Mwa njira, atakula, mkaziyo anaganiza zotsatira mapazi a amayi ake otchuka. Adachita pa Broadway, komabe, tsoka, adalephera kubwereza kutchuka kwa amayi ake.
Kuchoka ku Barbados mu 1970 sikungogwirizana ndi kusafuna kukhala ku United States, komanso ndi chisudzulo pakati pa Simon ndi Stroud. Kwa nthawi ndithu, Nina anayesa kuchita bizinesi payekha. Koma ndinazindikira mwamsanga kuti imeneyi sinali mbali yake yabwino. Sanathe kupirira nkhani za kasamalidwe ndi ndalama. Andrew anakhala mwamuna womaliza wovomerezeka wa woimbayo.
Mafani omwe akufuna kumvetsetsa bwino mbiri ya jazz diva amatha kuwonera kanema wa What's Up, Abiti Simone? (2015). Mufilimuyi, wotsogolera adawonetsa momveka bwino mbali ina ya Nina Simone wotchuka, yomwe yakhala yobisika kwa mafani ndi anthu.
Filimuyi ili ndi zoyankhulana ndi achibale komanso mabwenzi apamtima a Simone. Atatha kuwonera kanemayo, pali kumvetsetsa kuti Nina sanali wosamvetsetseka monga momwe mkaziyo adayesera kusonyeza.
Zosangalatsa za Nina Simon
- Chowala kwambiri komanso chosasangalatsa cha ubwana wake chinali nthawi yomwe adayimba kutchalitchi. Masewero a Nina adapezeka ndi makolo omwe adathandizira zomwe mwana wake wamkazi adachita. Anatenga malo oyamba muholo. Pambuyo pake, okonzekerawo anapita kwa amayi ndi abambo ndi kuwapempha kuti apeze malo owonera akhungu loyera.
- Pali chithunzi cha Nina Simone mu Grammy Hall of Fame, zomwe zimanyadira malo.
- Woimba Kelly Evans analemba chimbale "Nina" mu 2010. Zosonkhanitsazo zili ndi nyimbo zodziwika kwambiri za "wansembe wa mzimu".
- Simoni anali mu vuto ndi lamulo. Nthawi ina iye anawombera mfuti kwa mtsikana wina yemwe ankasewera mokweza pafupi ndi nyumba ya woimbayo. Ulendo wachiwiri anachita ngozi n’kuthawa, ndipo analandira chindapusa cha $8.
- "Jazz ndi mawu oyera kwa anthu akuda" ndi mawu otchuka kwambiri a "wansembe wa moyo".
Imfa ya Nina Simone
Kwa zaka zambiri, thanzi la woimbayo linayamba kufooka. Mu 1994, Simone anadwala matenda a ubongo. Nina anali wopsinjika maganizo kwambiri ndi mkhalidwe wake kotero kuti anasiya ngakhale kuseŵera kwake. Woimbayo sakanathanso kugwira ntchito molimbika pa siteji.
Mu 2001, Simone adachita ku Carnegie Hall. Sakanakhoza kupita ku siteji popanda thandizo lakunja. Kwa zaka zingapo zapitazi za moyo wake Nina pafupifupi sanawonekere pa siteji. Anamwalira pa April 21, 2003 ku France, pafupi ndi Marseille.
