Rita Moreno ndi woyimba wotchuka yemwe amadziwika padziko lonse la Hollywood, Puerto Rican kochokera. Iye akupitirizabe kukhala wofunika kwambiri mu bizinesi yawonetsero, ngakhale kuti ndi wokalamba.
Ali ndi mphoto zingapo zapamwamba ku ngongole yake, kuphatikizapo Mphotho ya Golden Globe ndi Oscar Award, yomwe imawomberedwa ndi anthu onse otchuka. Koma kodi njira ya mkazi uyu yopambana inali yotani?
Ubwana komanso chiyambi cha njira ya Rita Moreno yopambana
Wotchuka tsogolo anabadwa December 11, 1931 m'tauni yaing'ono Puerto Rican Humacao. Bambo ake anali mlimi ndipo anali ndi banja lalikulu, ndipo amayi ake anasankha ntchito yosoka zovala. Makolowo anapatsa mtsikana wakhanda dzina lakuti Rosita Dolores Alverio.
Patapita zaka zingapo, iwo anabala mwana wamkazi ndi mng'ono wake, koma ubale wa m'banja sunayende bwino. Chisudzulo chinatsatira pamene Rita anali ndi zaka 5 zokha.
Mchimwene wa mtsikanayo anakhala ndi bambo ake, ndipo mayi ake anaganiza zotenga mwana wake wamkazi ndi kusamukira ku New York. Ku America, Rita anamaliza sukulu ya sekondale, kenako analandira maphunziro apamwamba ndipo anayamba kugwira ntchito mu imodzi mwa zisudzo m'deralo.
Mofananamo, nyenyezi yam'tsogolo ikuchita kuvina, ndipo mphunzitsi wake anali choreographer wotchuka Paco Canzino.
Ali ndi zaka 11, Rita anatenga mbali pa kumasulira mafilimu a ku America m’Chisipanishi. Koma popita kutchuka, anakumana ndi mavuto angapo. Poyamba, Rita anapatsidwa maudindo ang'onoang'ono m'mafilimu.
Mu 1944, adapatsidwa gawo limodzi pa Broadway. Panthawiyo, mtsikanayo anali ndi zaka 13 zokha. Ngakhale izi, adawonetsa talente yake mokwanira. Izi zidawonedwa nthawi yomweyo ndi owongolera aku Hollywood ndikuyamikiridwa ndi omvera.
Zina mwa zisudzo zodziwika bwino ndi Moreno ndi "Ritz" ndi "Gantry". Kuti atenge nawo gawo lomaliza, adasankhidwa kukhala mphotho ya Tony Theatre. Ndipo mu 1985, Rita anali kupereka Sarah Siddons Mphotho chifukwa nawo mu zisudzo moyo Chicago.
Kukula kwa akatswiri
Atachita nawo zisudzo zingapo, mtsikanayo adawonedwa ndikuitanidwa kusewera mu filimu "New Orleans Darling" ndi "Singing in the Rain".
Maudindowo anali ochepa, koma anali ofunika kwambiri kwa Rita kumayambiriro kwa ulendo wake. Chifukwa cha iwo, iye anayamba "kusuntha makwerero ntchito" ndi masitepe mofulumira.
Imodzi ndi nawo mafilimu, Rita sanasiye ntchito yake pa Broadway. Iye ankakonda kutchuka kwambiri pakati pa omvera, ndipo posakhalitsa anayamba kumukhulupirira ndi udindo waukulu mu zisudzo.
Posakhalitsa adakhala membala wa mndandanda wapa TV wa ana a Electric Company, komanso adatenga nawo gawo munyengo zambiri za polojekiti ya Prison of Oz. Pa nthawi yomweyi, mu polojekiti yoyamba, mtsikanayo adasewera osati mmodzi, koma anthu angapo nthawi imodzi.
Moreno walandila mphotho zambiri zofunika pabizinesi yamawonetsero. Panopa, iye yekha woimira kugonana ofooka amene anakwanitsa kupambana mphoto zonse m'munda wa mafilimu a kanema ndi zisudzo.
TV ndi gawo la nyimbo sizinasiyidwe. Anapatsidwanso Mendulo ya Ufulu ya US chifukwa cha zomwe adathandizira pa chitukuko cha chikhalidwe cha America.
Kuzindikira kwa Ammayi
Rita sanavutikepo chifukwa chosowa ntchito. Nthawi zonse amalandila malingaliro ojambulira filimu. Zowona, nthawi zambiri mu ntchito yake panali maudindo ang'onoang'ono, ndipo masewero a mafilimu ambiri anali pafupi ndi chizindikiro chachikulu.
M'malo mwake, otsogolera ambiri adayitana Rita kuti akhale ndi gawo la moyo wa azimayi aku Spain. Komabe sizinali choncho nthawi zonse.
Pamodzi ndi Yul Brynner, mtsikanayo nyenyezi mu filimu "Mfumu ndi ine", chifukwa iye anakhala wotchuka padziko lonse. Otsutsa ndi omvera anasangalala kwambiri.
Ndipo mu 1961, kwa nyimbo West Side Story, Rita analandira kwa nthawi yaitali Oscar "Oscar". Anadziwonetsera yekha mwangwiro ndipo adagonjetsa mitima ya anthu mamiliyoni ambiri.
Tsoka ilo, pambuyo pake, maudindo ake osiyanasiyana, mwatsoka, sanafutukuke, ndipo makamaka mtsikanayo anaitanidwa ku mafilimu okhudza achifwamba, ngakhale kukhalapo kwa Oscar.
Izi zidapangitsa kuti Moreno aganize zopumira ndikusiya kanema. Zinatenga zaka 7, ndipo kubwerera kunachitika nawo mu filimu "Usiku wa Tsiku Lotsatira" pamodzi ndi Marlon Brando. Makanema otsatirawa: Poppy, Marlowe, Four Seasons ndi The Ritz.
Rita adapatsidwanso udindo pawailesi yakanema ya The Rockford Files, pomwe adalandira mphotho ya Emmy. Ndiye panali mafilimu angapo ndi mndandanda omwe anali otchuka kwambiri pakati pa omvera.
Moyo waumwini
Malinga ndi Ammayi, mu 1950 anakumana ndi Marlon Brando, ndipo ubwenzi umenewu unatha zaka 8. Panali ngakhale mimba, koma wosankhidwayo anaumirira kuchotsa mimba.
Rita anayesa ngakhale kudzipha ndi kumeza mapiritsi, koma madokotala anatha kupulumutsa moyo wotchuka.
Pambuyo pake, panali chibwenzi ndi Elvis Presley ndi Anthony Quinn, ndipo Moreno anakhala mkazi wa dokotala wotchuka wa opaleshoni ya mtima Leonard Gordon. Chochitikacho chinachitika mu 1965. Banjali linali ndi mwana wamkazi, Fernanda. Mgwirizanowu sunathe mpaka lero.
Mwanayo anapatsa banjali zidzukulu ziwiri. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, Rita anayamba kudandaula osati za udindo waukulu mu filimu, koma za banja ndi kusamalira okondedwa. Ngakhale izi, akupitiriza kuwonekera pa TV ndi kusangalatsa mafani!
