Salikh Saydashev - Chitata wolemba, woimba, wochititsa. Salih ndiye woyambitsa nyimbo zadziko lakwawo. Saidashev ndi mmodzi mwa akatswiri oyambirira omwe adaganiza zophatikiza phokoso lamakono la zida zoimbira ndi chikhalidwe cha dziko. Anagwirizana ndi olemba sewero a Chitata ndipo adadziwika polemba nyimbo zingapo zamasewera.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Tsiku lobadwa la Maestro ndi December 3, 1900. Iye anabadwira m'dera la Kazan. Mutu wabanja sanakhaleko miyezi ingapo mwana wake asanabadwe. Salih anakhala mwana wa 10 motsatizana. Tsoka, ana awiri okha, kuphatikiza Salih, adapulumuka. Ana 8 anamwalira ali akhanda.
Mayi ake a mnyamatayo anali mayi wamba wamba. Pambuyo pa imfa ya mutu wa banja, mavuto onse kulera ndi kusamalira banja anagwera pa mapewa Nasretdin Khamitov, kalaliki ndi wothandizira Zamaletdin. Adatenga msuweni wake Salih kukhala mkazi wake.
Pamene Salih anali ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, amayi ake anaona kuti mwana wawo akukula monga mwana woimba komanso waluso. Nthawi zambiri maphwando abanja ankachitikira m’nyumba. Mnyamatayo anatulutsa accordion kwa akulu ndikunyamula nyimboyo ndi khutu. Analizanso mawu omveka bwino ndi chothira mchere chomwe sichinasiye aliyense wa m’banjamo kukhala wosayanjanitsika.
Ali ndi zaka eyiti, anapita kukaphunzira pa madrasah. Pa nthawi yomweyo, Nasretdin anaphunzitsa Salih malonda, koma mnyamatayo analibe chidwi ndi malonda ndipo nthawi zambiri ankangobisala ntchito. Panthaŵiyo, mchemwali wake wa Salih anakwatiwa ndi Shibgay Akhmerov. Mwamuna wake anali wokhudzana mwachindunji ndi utolankhani ndi pedagogy.
Shibgay adalowa m'malo mwa abambo a mnyamatayo. Anali munthu wamtima waukulu. Akhmerov adawona luso la nyimbo la Salih ndikumupatsa mphatso yabwino - adamupatsa limba yamtengo wapatali. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, mnyamatayo wakhala akuphunzira maphunziro a nyimbo kuchokera kwa wolemba nyimbo Zagidulla Yarullin.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 14, mnyamatayo anakhala wophunzira limba pa wotchuka Kazan Music College. Patapita zaka zingapo, iye analembetsa okhestra, ndipo patapita chaka Salih kusonkhanitsa okhestra yake yoyamba.
Creative njira Salikh Saydashev
Iye mwaufulu anamaliza mu mindandanda ya Red Army. Salih anali ndi kukhudzika kwake, ndipo sakanayang'ana momwe zinthu zilili pano ndikukhala kutali ndi zomwe zikuchitika. M'chaka cha 22, iye anabwerera ku Kazan ndipo iye analowa udindo wa mutu wa gawo loimba mu zisudzo boma.
Saidashev ndi wotsogolera Karim Tinchurin lero amatchulidwa kuti "abambo" a sewero la nyimbo za Chitata. Salih adapanga nyimbo zotsagana ndi Chitata pazopanga za Karim. Sewero la "Hirer" lolemba T. Gizzat likuyenera kusamala kwambiri. Pakupanga uku, waltz ya Silakh Saidashev ya kukongola kodabwitsa idamveka. Masiku ano, ntchitoyi ikuphatikizidwa m'ndandanda wa ntchito zodziwika kwambiri za maestro.
Kenako amapanga gulu loimba m'bwalo la zisudzo. Mu 1923, oimba anapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu lawo pa siteji ya zisudzo boma. Kuseri kwa kondakitala kunali Saidashev yemweyo.
Anali munthu wosinthasintha. Inde, moyo wake sunathe kokha ndi zisudzo. Mu 1927, adatenga udindo wa mkonzi wa nyimbo pawailesi yakomweko. Anadzipereka yekha kugwira ntchito. Chotsatira chake n'chachidziŵikire: iye anaika pa mlengalenga mapulogalamu Russian-Tatar, nyimbo zinenero zosiyanasiyana anamveka pa wailesi yoweyula, iye anasonkhanitsa kwaya ndi kukopa achinyamata ntchito.
Pachimake cha kutchuka kwa wolemba Salikh Saydashev
Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 20, amathera nthawi yochuluka paulendo. Panthawi imeneyi, iye anachititsa wanzeru opera Sania, ndipo mu 1930, mu likulu la Chitaganya cha Russia, opera Eshche, komanso sewero Il. Kutchuka kwa maestro kudafika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 20.
Olemba mbiri ya wolembayo adatcha chaka cha 34 chazaka zapitazi kuti nthawi ya Moscow ya ntchito ya Saidashev. Anabwera kudzaphunzira ku likulu. Iye analowa Moscow Conservatory. Mu Moscow, Saidashev anaphunzira ndi kugwira ntchito. Munthawi imeneyi, amalemba nyimbo zingapo zosawerengeka komanso maguba. Apa iye analemba "March wa Soviet Army".
Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 30, adalandira udindo wa Honored Worker wa Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Olemba mbiri yakale amatcha chaka cha 39 chaka chomaliza cha moyo wosangalala komanso wosasamala. Kenako inayamba nthawi ya mazunzo ndi mazunzo. Iye anaimitsidwa ntchito mu boma Theatre. Anatumizidwa ku mudzi waung’ono wa Livadia kuti akakweze malo ochitirako zosangalatsa m’deralo. Koma choyipa kwambiri chinali kumuyembekezera pambuyo pake. Association of Composers ku Kazan inatsutsa ntchito ya maestro. Iwo anayesa kumuwononga, kumumana iye chinthu chofunika kwambiri - mwayi kulenga ndi kukulitsa chikhalidwe cha dziko lakwawo.
Mu nthawi ya nkhondo, mkhalidwe ndi chizunzo cha wolemba zinazimiririka kumbuyo. Anakwanitsa kubwereranso kumalo ochitira masewero. Akupitiriza kuchititsa, kulemba nyimbo zambiri zamasewera ndi kuyendera kwambiri. Maestro sakudziwabe kuti nthawi ya nkhondo imabweretsa nthawi ya kusintha ndipo kusintha kumeneku kudzakhudza chiwerengero cha chikhalidwe.
Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 40, katswiri wamaganizo Andrey Zhdanov "anayenda" kupyolera mwa olemba a Soviet, kuwapondaponda. Saidashev sanalinso pamalo abwino. Anathamangitsidwa ku zisudzo, sanachitenso kapena kuchita. Zolemba zake sizinamveke pawailesi.
Tsatanetsatane wa moyo wa wolemba
Kuwuka koyamba kwachidziwitso kumakhudzana mwachindunji ndi moyo wamunthu. Mu 20s anakumana ndi mtsikana wokongola dzina lake Valentina. Mtsikanayo anasankha yekha yunivesite ya zachipatala, koma ngakhale izi, anali ndi chidwi ndi nyimbo.
Iwo anakwatirana m'ma 20s, ndipo posakhalitsa Valentina anapatsa wolemba nyimbo mwana. Mayiyo anamwalira mu 1926 chifukwa cha poizoni wa magazi. Saidashev anakhumudwa kwambiri ndi kutaya chikondi chake choyamba, kuwonjezera apo, adasiyidwa m'manja mwake ndi mwana wakhanda.
Safiya Alpaeva - anakhala wachiwiri wosankhidwa wa maestro. Anagwira ntchito ngati cashier ya zisudzo. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 20, adapangana ndi mtsikanayo. Iwo anasudzulana patapita zaka zinayi.
Asiya Kazakov - wachitatu ndi mkazi wotsiriza wa Saidashev. Anakwanitsa kumanga banja lolimba komanso laubwenzi. Ukwati umenewu unabala ana atatu. Asiya anavomereza mwana woyamba wa wolemba nyimboyo kukhala wake.
Imfa ya wolemba nyimbo Salikh Saydashev
M’katikati mwa zaka za m’ma 50, thanzi la wolemba nyimboyo linayamba kuipa. Mphwakeyo ananena kuti akapimidwe kuchipatala. Madokotala anapeza chotupa m'mapapo. Madokotala adatumiza Saidashev kuti akachite opaleshoni, yomwe idachitika m'chipatala chimodzi cha Moscow. Kuchita opaleshoni kunapambana. Posakhalitsa adasamutsidwa ku wodi yokhazikika.
Ali m’chipindamo anaganiza zodzuka, sanathe kukana ndipo anagwa. Izi zinapangitsa kuti ma suture alekanitse ndikuyambitsa magazi mkati. Anamwalira pa December 16, 1954.
Kutsanzikana kwa maestro kunachitika ku State Theatre ya Kazan. Pamwambo wamaliro, nyimbo zomwe maestro amakonda kwambiri, zomwe adalembera mkazi wake woyamba, zidamveka. Thupi lake linaikidwa m'manda a Novo-Tatar. Mu 1993 nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale inatsegulidwa. Akatswiri adatha kusunga "malingaliro" ambiri a nyumba yomwe wolembayo ankagwira ntchito.
