Nyama ndi gulu laku Britain lomwe lasintha lingaliro lakale la blues ndi rhythm ndi blues. Gulu lodziwika bwino la gululi linali nyimbo ya balladi The House of the Rising Sun.
Mbiri ya kulengedwa ndi mapangidwe a gulu la Zinyama
Gulu lachipembedzo lidapangidwa kudera la Newcastle mu 1959. Kumayambiriro kwa gululi ndi Alan Price ndi Brian Chandler. Asanapange projekiti yawo, oimba adasewera ku The Kansas City Five.
Anyamatawo adagwirizanitsidwa ndi chikondi chofanana cha blues ndi jazz. Chifukwa cha zokonda za nyimbo, adapanga projekiti yawoyawo. Pambuyo pake woyimba ng'oma John Steel adalowa nawo oimba.
Poyamba, oimba ankaimba pansi pa pseudonym Alan Price Rhythm & Blues Combo. Gulu latsopanolo silinagwirizane ndi kufotokozera kwachikale kwa gululo. Makalabu ena amafunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa malingaliro awa kuchokera kumagulu ochita masewerawo. Nthawi zina anyamatawo ankapita nawo ku zisudzo ndi anzawo komanso anzawo.
Mwachitsanzo, Eric Burdon nthawi zambiri ankaimba ndi gulu. Mnyamatayo anali ndi mawu odabwitsa. Pa nthawi ina iye anali membala wa Akunja. Kwa nthawi yayitali, Hilton Valentine wochokera ku polojekiti ya The Wild Cat adalembedwa ngati woyimba komanso woyimba gitala mugululi.
Gulu la Zinyama linali losiyana kwambiri ndi magulu ena a nthawiyo. Nyimbo zawo zimaphatikizanso nyimbo za rhythm ndi blues ndi blues za American bluesmen.
Sakani anthu amalingaliro ofanana
Poyamba, gulu linkachita m'mabala osiyanasiyana, malo odyera komanso malo ochitira masewera ausiku. Masewerowa sanangolemeretsa oyimba, komanso kuwalola kukulitsa luso lawo. Kwenikweni, ndiye kuti anafunikira kwambiri woyimba gitala wokhazikika.
Sizinatenge nthawi kuyang'ana omwe akufuna kulowa m'gulu la achinyamata. Mamembala okhazikika a gululi adagwira ntchito ndi Burdon ndi Valentine. Oimba wamba atawapempha kuti alowe nawo gululo, adavomera.
Mu 1962, oimba potsiriza anasankha malo okhazikika ochitirako zoimbaimba. Malo amenewo anali kalabu yausiku ya Downbeat. Kenako gululo lidayamba kuyimba pansi pa dzina lodziwika kale la Zinyama.
Kusintha kwa pseudonym yolenga sikunachitike mwangozi. Oimba adadalira njira yoyamba yoperekera nyimbo. Iwo ankadalira kiyibodi osati gitala. Kuphatikiza apo, mawu a Eric Burdon adawonjezera mafuta pamoto, akufuula mawu mu maikolofoni.
Anthu a ku Britain amene anali odekha komanso odekha anadabwa kwambiri ndi zimene anamva. Ndipo atolankhani adatcha gululo "nyama" (nyama).
Njira yopangira The Animals
Mu 1963, gulu anadziwa kale udindo ndi kutchuka. Kunyumba, iwo anali okondedwa a anthu. Mamembala a gululo adaganiza zokulitsa malingaliro awo. Chakumapeto kwa 1963, gululi lidachitanso gawo limodzi ndi Sonny Boy Williamson.
Nyama sizinachite pa "kutentha" kwa Sonny. Unali gulu lanyimbo lathunthu, pomwe aliyense wa omwe adatenga nawo mbali adatha kuwonetsa mphamvu zawo.
M'chaka chomwecho, oimba adachita konsati ku kalabu ya Newcastle A Go-Go. Seweroli linasintha kwambiri gululi. Mbali ya konsati inajambulidwa. Kenako kunabwera mini-EP yoyamba. Masiku ano, osonkhanitsa "akuthamangitsa" zosonkhanitsira, popeza EP yoyamba idatulutsidwa m'makope 500 okha. Pambuyo pake idalembedwanso kuti Pachiyambi.
Gawo lachiwiri la konsati (yomwe adayimba Sonny Boy Williamson) idasindikizidwa mu 1974. Zosonkhanitsazo zinkatchedwa The Night Time is the Right Time. Amene akufuna kumvetsera konsati yonse ayenera kulabadira gulu Charlie Declare (1990).
Chimodzi mwazosonkhanitsazo chinagwera m'manja mwa mtsogoleri wotchuka wa London Giorgio Gomelsky. Mu 1964, oimbawo anasamukira ku London kuti asaine mgwirizano wojambula ndi Columbia Records.
Kuwonetsedwa koyamba kwa gulu la Zinyama
Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, gululi lapangidwa ndi Mickey Most. Mkatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 1960, nyimbo yoyamba ya gululi idatulutsidwa - nyimbo yochokera ku nyimbo za Bob Dylan Baby Let Me Take You Home. Nyimboyi idatenga malo olemekezeka a 21 mu tchati cha nyimbo. Kutchuka kosayembekezereka kunagwera mamembala a gululo.
Pothandizira wosakwatiwa, anyamatawa adayendera ndi Swinging Blue Jeans kwa chaka chathunthu. Kenako anapita paulendo wawo woyamba wopita ku Japan. Pa June 11, nyimbo imodzi ya The House of the Rising Sun inatulutsidwa.
Kupanga kwanyimbo sikunakhale kwachilendo kwa okonda nyimbo. Nyimboyi idamveka koyamba mu 1933. Nyimbo zambiri zachikuto zidapangidwira nyimboyi, koma idangopangidwa ndi The Animals kuti idakhala yotchuka kwambiri. Nyimboyi idatenga malo olemekezeka a 22 pamndandanda wanyimbo zabwino kwambiri 500 (malinga ndi magazini ya Rolling Stone).
Otsutsa nyimbo adakondwera kwambiri ndi mawu a Burdon ndi dongosolo lachilendo la Alan Price. Pambuyo pake, oimbawo adanena kuti adajambula nyimboyo m'mphindi 15.
Pambuyo powonetsa nyimbozi, oimba adakhala gulu la nambala 3 mu nyimbo zapadziko lonse lapansi. Kuyambira pano, lingaliro la "British Invasion" ndi mgwirizano ndi mawu a Burdon.
Chiwonetsero choyambirira cha Album
M'chaka chomwechi, zojambula za gululi zidawonjezeredwanso ndi chimbale choyamba chautali. Chimbalecho chikuphatikizanso nyimbo za Fats Domino, John Lee Hooker, Larry Williams, Chuck Berry ndi ojambula ena. Chokhacho chinali nyimbo ya Bo Diddley. Nyimboyi inalembedwa ndi Burdon ndi nyimbo ndi Elias McDaniel ndipo adayimba mu "recitative blues" kalembedwe ka Bob Dylan.
Album yoyamba idalandiridwa mwachikondi ndi okonda nyimbo komanso otsutsa nyimbo. Inatenga malo apamwamba kwambiri m’matchati anyimbo a dzikolo. Pambuyo pake, oimbawo adatulutsa mtundu waku America wophatikiza, womwe unali wosiyana ndi mtundu wakale.
Zaka ziwiri zokha zinali zokwanira kuti gululo lifike pamwamba pa Olympus yoimba. Kuwonjezeka kwa kutchuka kudathandizidwa ndi kutulutsidwa kwa matembenuzidwe achikuto: Bring It On Home To Me lolemba Sam Cooke, Don't Let Me Be Misunderstood lolemba Nina Simone. Kwa zaka ziwiri, oimba adayendera mwachangu. Nthawi yomweyo adapereka chimbale chawo chachiwiri cha The Animals on Tour.
Gululi linali lodziwika kwambiri pakati pa anthu akuda a ku United States. Kutchuka kwa gululi kunali kwakukulu kwambiri kotero kuti Ebony analemba masamba 5 za gululo m'magazini awo. Nthawi yomweyo, gululo lidachita pamalo a Apollo. Palibe gulu la khungu loyera lomwe lalembedwa pamlingo wapamwamba chonchi.
Kutha kwa timu ya Zinyama
Mu 1965, oimba anatulutsa chimbale china. Gululo linafika pachimake cha kutchuka, koma nthawi yomweyo, mikangano inayamba kuwonjezeka mkati mwa gululo. Aliyense wa oimba ankawona nyimbo za gululo mwa njira yakeyake. Komanso, Price ndi Burdon sakanatha kugawana nawo chitsogozo.
Pambuyo pa ulendo wotsatira, Alan Price adasiya gululo. Chotsatira cha kuchoka kwake chinali kulengedwa kwa Alan Price Set. Malo a Alan adatengedwa ndi wojambula nyimbo Dave Rowberry, yemwe anali wofanana ndi Price.
Koma uku sikunali kusintha kotsiriza. Oyimbawa athetsa mgwirizano wawo ndi Columbia Records. Posakhalitsa anasaina pangano ndi Decca Records ndi chikhalidwe cha ufulu kulenga mu kusankha zinthu.
Zosintha zitatha, gululo lidayamba kujambula chimbale chotsatira. Zosonkhanitsa zatsopanozi zimatchedwa Animalism. Koma mu 1966, ali mkati mojambula nyimboyi, woimba ng’oma John Steele anasiya gululo. Posakhalitsa membala watsopano, Barry Jenkins, adalowa m'gululi.
Album yatsopanoyi inabwereza kupambana kwa ntchito zam'mbuyo. Mwa nyimbo zina, mafani adasankha nyimbo ya Inside Looking Out. Nyimboyi idatenga malo olemekezeka a 4 pa tchati cha nyimbo. Kwa nthawi yochepa mu gululi munali chipwirikiti. Koma mu 1996, mikangano inayambanso, ndipo mafani adadziwa kuti gululo likutha.
Kukumananso kwa Zinyama
Zaka zingapo pambuyo pa kutha kwa boma, The Animals adawonekera pawonetsero ya Khrisimasi ku Newcastle. Kenako anasiyananso, koma mu 1976 anakumananso motsogozedwa ndi Price ndi Steele. Pambuyo pake, oimbawo adalemba chimbale chatsopano pansi pa dzina lakuti The Original Animals.
Zosonkhanitsazo zinkatchedwa Before We were So Rudely Interrupted. Mbiriyo idagulitsidwa chaka chotsatira, Chandler (osakhutira ndi kusewera kwake) adalembanso gawo la gitala la bass.
Chimbalecho chinalandiridwa bwino kwambiri ndi okonda nyimbo ndi otsutsa nyimbo. Inafika pachimake pa nambala 70 pa tchati cha nyimbo. "Kulephera" kudalimbikitsa oimbawo. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, gululi linathanso.
Oimba adagwirizana kokha mu 1983. Chaka chino adapereka nyimbo yatsopano, Love Is for All Love, yomwe idagunda US Top 50. Kenako kunabwera chimbale cha Ark.
Mu 1984, oimba adatulutsa chimbale china. Adalemba zosonkhanitsirazo pa Wembley Stadium. Zoyesayesa zonse zobwerera ku ulemerero wake wakale "zinalephera" momvetsa chisoni. Gululo linathanso.
Pakuyambitsa kwa Hilton Valentine, gululi lidakumananso mu 1993. Hilton adakwanitsa kuti Chandler azisewera ndi Hilton Valentine's Animals. Chitsulo adalowa nawo gululo patatha chaka. Gululo lidayamba kusewera pansi pa pseudonym yopanga The Animals II.
Kwenikweni, repertoire ya timu yatsopanoyi inali ndi nyimbo za The Animals. Komabe, pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1990, Chas Chandler anamwalira ndi kulephera kwa mtima. Mamembala a gululo adaganiza zosiya ntchito yawo yopanga kwakanthawi.
Mu 1999, Rowberry adalowa m'gululi. Tony Liddle sanatenge malo a woimba, ndi Jim Rodford sanatenge malo a bassist. Zomwe zidaperekedwa zidabweza dzina lakale lopanga. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000, Rodford adasiya gululi ndipo adasinthidwa ndi Chris Allen. Mu nyimboyi, oimba adatulutsa chimbale chamoyo. Ntchito yowonjezereka ya gululo inali yolunjika pazochitika zamakonsati.
