Ngakhale a Kinks sanali olimba mtima ngati Beatles kapena otchuka monga Rolling Stones kapena Who, iwo anali amodzi mwa magulu otchuka kwambiri a British Invasion.
Monga magulu ambiri anthawi yawo, a Kinks adayamba ngati gulu la R&B ndi blues. Mkati mwa zaka zinayi, gululo linakhala gulu loimba lachingelezi losatha kuposa onse a m’nthaŵi yawo.
История Tiye Makwangwala
Pantchito yawo yonse yayitali komanso yosiyanasiyana, zoyambira za The Kinks zakhala Ray (wobadwa 21 June 1944) ndi Dave Davies (wobadwa 3 February 1947), omwe adabadwa ndikuleredwa ku Muswell Hill, London. Ali achinyamata, abale anayamba kusewera skiffle ndi rock and roll.
Posakhalitsa, adalemba ganyu mnzake wa Ray, Peter Quaife, kuti azisewera nawo. Monga abale a Davis, Quaife ankaimba gitala koma kenako anasintha kukhala bass.
Pofika m'chilimwe cha 1963, gululi lidaganiza zodzitcha kuti The Ravens ndikulemba ganyu woyimba ng'oma watsopano, Mickey Willet.
Potsirizira pake, tepi yawo yowonetsera inathera m'manja mwa Shel Talmi, wolemba mbiri waku America yemwe anali ndi mgwirizano ndi Pye Records. Talmy adathandizira gululi kupeza mgwirizano ndi Pye mu 1964.
Asanasainire chizindikiro, a Ravens adalowa m'malo mwa Willet ndi woyimba ng'oma Mick Ivory.
Ntchito yoyamba zovuta
A Ravens adalemba nyimbo yawo yoyamba, chivundikiro cha "Long Tall Sally" cha Little Richard mu Januware 1964.
Asanatulutsidwe limodzi, gululo linasintha dzina lawo kukhala Kinks.
"Long Tall Sally" inatulutsidwa mu February 1964 ndipo inalephera kujambula, monganso nyimbo yawo yachiwiri "You Still Want Me".
Gulu lachitatu la gulu la "You Really Got Me" linali lopambana komanso lamphamvu, kufika pa Top 1964. "Tsiku Lonse ndi Usiku Onse", nyimbo yachinayi ya gululi, idatulutsidwa kumapeto kwa XNUMX ndipo idakwera pa nambala XNUMX ndikufika pa nambala seveni ku America.
Panthawiyi, gululi linatulutsanso ma Albums awiri athunthu ndi ma EP angapo.
Kuletsedwa kwa machitidwe a U.S
Osati kokha kuti gululo linalemba pa liwiro la breakneck, iwonso ankayendera nthawi zonse, zomwe zinayambitsa mikangano yambiri mkati mwa gululo.
Kumapeto kwa ulendo wawo waku America wa 1965 m’chilimwe, boma la United States linaletsa gululo kubwerera ku United States pazifukwa zosadziwika.
Kwa zaka zinayi, a The Kinks sanathe kulowa mu United States. Izi zikutanthauza kuti gululo silinangokanidwa mwayi wopita kumsika waukulu wanyimbo padziko lonse lapansi, komanso kuchotsedwa pakusintha zina zamakhalidwe ndi nyimbo zakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 60.
Zotsatira zake, nyimbo za Ray Davies zidakhala zowoneka bwino komanso zosasangalatsa, kudalira kwambiri nyimbo zachingerezi monga holo yanyimbo, dziko ndi Chingerezi kuposa anthu ena onse aku Britain. Chimbale chotsatira kuchokera ku The Kinks,
"The Kink Kontroversy" inawonetsa momwe Davis akuyendera polemba nyimbo.
«Dzuwa Masana" и "Waterloo Sunset"
Nyimbo imodzi ya "Sunny Afternoon" inali imodzi mwa machitidwe osangalatsa kwambiri a Davis, ndipo nyimboyi inakhala yotchuka kwambiri m'chilimwe cha 1966 ku UK, kufika pa nambala wani.
"Sunny Afternoon" inali chosewerera pagulu lalikulu lodumpha, Face to Face, lomwe linali ndi masitayelo osiyanasiyana a nyimbo.
Mu May 1967 anabwerera ku siteji ndi "Waterloo Sunset", ballad yomwe inagunda No. 1967 ku UK m'chaka cha XNUMX.
kuchepa kwa kutchuka
Wotulutsidwa kumapeto kwa 1967, Chinachake china ndi Kinks chinawonetsa kupita patsogolo kwa gululi kuyambira Face to Face.
Ngakhale kukula kwawo kwa nyimbo, ma chart a singles awo adatsika kwambiri.
Kutsatira kutulutsidwa kwabwino kwa "Something Else by Kinks", gululi linatulutsa nyimbo yatsopano, "Autumn Almanac", yomwe idakhala imodzi mwazotchuka kwambiri ku UK.
Yotulutsidwa mchaka cha 1968, "Wonderboy" inali nyimbo yoyamba ya gululo kuti isagundane pamwamba khumi kuyambira "You Really Got Me".
Mwanjira ina oimba adakonza zinthuzo ndi kutulutsidwa kwa "Masiku", koma kuchepa kwa malonda a gululo kunali koonekeratu chifukwa cha kusowa kwa album yawo yotsatira.
Idatulutsidwa kumapeto kwa 1968, The Village Green Preservation Society inali chimaliziro cha zizolowezi za Ray Davies. Ngakhale kuti chimbalecho sichinapambane, chinalandiridwa bwino ndi otsutsa, makamaka ku US.
Kuchokera kwa Peter Kвayife
Peter Kweife posakhalitsa anatopa ndi zolephera za gululo ndipo anasiya gululo kumapeto kwa chaka. Anasinthidwa ndi John Dalton.
Kumayambiriro kwa 1969, chiletso cha ku America pa Kinks chinachotsedwa, kusiya gululo kuti lipite ku US kwa nthawi yoyamba m'zaka zinayi.
Asanayambe ulendowu, a Kinks adatulutsa chimbale "Arthur (Kapena Kugwa ndi Kugwa kwa Ufumu wa Britain)". Monga otsogolera ake awiri, chimbalecho chinali ndi mitu yanyimbo yaku Britain komanso nyimbo.
Pamene oimba akugwira ntchito yotsatizana ndi chimbalecho, adaganiza zokulitsa mzere wawo kuti aphatikizepo wojambula nyimbo John Gosling.
Kuwonekera koyamba kwa Gosling pa kujambula kwa Kinks kunali pa nyimbo "Lola". Ndi maziko olimba a rock kuposa nyimbo zawo zingapo zomaliza, "Lola" adagunda khumi apamwamba ku UK ndi US, yomwe idatulutsidwa kumapeto kwa 1970.
"Lola Versus the Powerman and Moneygoround, Pt. 1" inali mbiri yawo yopambana kwambiri kuyambira m'ma 60s ku US ndi UK.
Mgwirizano ndi RCA
Mgwirizano wawo ndi Pye / Reprise unatha kumayambiriro kwa 1971, kusiya a Kinks ndi mwayi wopeza mgwirizano watsopano.
Pofika kumapeto kwa 1971, a Kinks adapeza mgwirizano wa ma Album asanu ndi RCA Records, kuwapezera ndalama zokwana madola milioni.
Yotulutsidwa kumapeto kwa 1971, Muswell Hillbillies, chimbale choyamba cha RCA cha gululi, chikuwonetsa kubwereranso ku mphuno ya Kinks chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 60s, kokha ndi zikoka zambiri za dziko ndi nyimbo.
Albumyi sinali yogulitsa kwambiri yomwe RCA inkayembekezera.
Patangotha miyezi ingapo atatulutsidwa "Muswell Hillbillies", Reprise adatulutsa nyimbo ziwiri zotchedwa "The Kink Kronikles", zomwe zidaposa chimbale chawo choyambirira cha RCA.
Aliyense ali ku Showbiz (1973), gulu la ma LP awiri lokhala ndi chimbale chimodzi cha situdiyo ndi zina zosewerera, zinali zokhumudwitsa ku UK, ngakhale chimbalecho chidachita bwino kwambiri ku US.
Gwiritsani ntchito nyimbo za rock
Mu 1973, Ray Davis adalemba nyimbo yamwala yayitali yotchedwa Preservation.
Pamene gawo loyamba la sewerolo linawonekera kumapeto kwa 1973, linatsutsidwa kwambiri ndipo linalandira kulandiridwa kozizira kuchokera kwa anthu.
Act 2 adawonekera m'chilimwe cha 1974. Otsatirawo adalandira chithandizo choyipa kwambiri kuposa omwe adatsogolera.
Davis adayambitsa nyimbo ina, Starmaker, ya BBC. Ntchitoyi pamapeto pake idasanduka sewero la sopo, lomwe linatulutsidwa m'chaka cha 1975.
Ngakhale kuwunikira kolakwika, sewero la sopo linali lochita bwino kwambiri pazamalonda kuposa lomwe lidalipo kale.
Mu 1976, a Kinks adalemba nyimbo yachitatu ya rock ya Davis, Schoolboys in Disgrace, yomwe inkamveka yamphamvu kwambiri kuposa nyimbo zawo zonse za RCA.
Kugwira ntchito ndi Arista Records
Mu 1976, a Kinks adachoka ku RCA ndikusaina ndi Arista Records. Ku Arista Records adasandulika kukhala gulu lolimba la rock.
Bassist John Dalton adasiya gululi chakumapeto kwa chimbale chawo choyambirira pa Arista. Adasinthidwa ndi Andy Pyle.
Sleepwalker, nyimbo yoyamba ya Kinks ya Arista, idakhala yotchuka kwambiri ku US.
Pamene gululi likumaliza kujambula ntchitoyi, Pyle adasiya gululo ndipo adasinthidwa ndi Dalton wobwerera.
Misfits, chimbale chachiwiri cha gululi pa Arista, chidachitanso bwino ku US. Pambuyo paulendo waku UK, Dalton adasiyanso gululo, limodzi ndi wojambula nyimbo John Gosling.
Bassist Jim Rodford ndi keyboardist Gordon Edwards anadzaza malo awa.
Posakhalitsa gululo linayamba kuimba pazigawo zazikulu kwambiri ku United States. Ngakhale oimba a punk monga Jam ndi The Pretenders adaphimba Kinks kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 70, gululo lidachita bwino kwambiri pamalonda.
Kupambanaku kudafika pachimake nyimbo yolemetsa yotchedwa Low Budget (1979), yomwe idakhala yopambana kwambiri ku America, ndikufika pachimake 11 pama chart.
Chimbale chawo chotsatira, Give the People What They Want, chinatulutsidwa kumapeto kwa 1981. Ntchitoyi inafika pachimake pa nambala 15 ndipo inakhala mbiri yagolide ya gululo.
Kwa ambiri a 1982, gululi linayendera.
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1983, "Come Dancing" idakhala nyimbo yayikulu kwambiri ku America kuyambira pomwe "Tired of Waiting for You" chifukwa cha kanema yomwe idawonetsedwa mobwerezabwereza pa MTV.
Ku US nyimboyi idafika pachimake chachisanu ndi chimodzi, ku UK idafika pachimake pa nambala 12. "State of Confusion" idatsata "Come Dancing" ndipo chidali chipambano china chodabwitsa.
Mpaka kumapeto kwa 1983, Ray Davis adagwira ntchito ya filimu yotchedwa Waterloo Return, ntchitoyi inayambitsa kusamvana kwakukulu pakati pa iye ndi mchimwene wake.
M'malo mosweka, a Kinks adangosintha mndandanda wawo, koma adayenera kudzipereka kwambiri: Mick Ivory, woyimba ng'oma wa gulu lomwe adasewera nawo kwa zaka 20, adachotsedwa ntchito ndikulowa m'malo ndi Bob Henrit.
Ray atamaliza kupanga pa Return to Waterloo, adalemba nyimbo yotsatira ya Kinks, Mawu a Pakamwa, yomwe idatulutsidwa kumapeto kwa 1984.
Chimbalecho chinali chofanana ndi mawu angapo omaliza a Kinks, koma ntchitoyi inali yokhumudwitsa malonda.
Choncho, nthawi ya kuchepa inayamba kwa gululo. M'tsogolomu, sadzatulutsanso mbiri ina ya Top 40.
Rock ndi Roll Hall of Fame
Mawu a Pakamwa inali chimbale chomaliza chomwe adalembera Arista. Kumayambiriro kwa 1986, gululi linasaina ndi MCA Records ku US.
Think Visual, chimbale chawo choyamba cholemba chatsopanocho, chinatulutsidwa kumapeto kwa 1986. Zinali zosavuta komanso zopambana zachangu, koma panalibe osakwatiwa pa mbiri.
Chaka chotsatira, The Kinks adatulutsa chimbale china chodziwika bwino chotchedwa "The Road", chomwe, ngakhale sichinapite nthawi yayitali, koma chinagunda ma chart.
Patatha zaka ziwiri, a Kinks adatulutsa chimbale chawo chomaliza cha MCA, UK Jive. Mu 1989 woimba keyboard Ian Gibbons adasiya gululo.
A Kinks adalowetsedwa mu Rock and Roll Hall of Fame mu 1990, koma izi sizinathandize kwenikweni kutsitsimutsa ntchito yawo.
Mu 1991, zojambulidwa zawo za MCA, "Lost & Found" (1986-1989), zidawonekera, zomwe zikuwonetsa kutha kwa mgwirizano wawo ndi chizindikirocho.
Chaka chomwecho, gululo linasaina ndi Columbia Records ndikutulutsa EP yotchedwa "Did Ya" yomwe inalephera kujambula.
Chimbale chawo choyamba cha Columbia, Phobia, chinatulutsidwa mu 1993 ku ndemanga zabwino koma malonda osauka. Panthawiyi, Ray ndi Dave Davis okha adatsalira m'gulu kuchokera pamzere woyambirira.
Mu 1994, gululo linachoka ndipo gululo linachoka ku Columbia.
Ngakhale kuti panalibe chipambano cha malonda, kutchuka kwa gululi kunayamba kukula mu 1995, popeza oimba adatchulidwa kuti ndi gulu lamphamvu kwambiri.
Zikomo Blur ndi Oasis.
Ray Davis posakhalitsa adawonekeranso paziwonetsero zodziwika bwino pawailesi yakanema akulimbikitsa ntchito yake yolemba mbiri ya X-Ray.
Mphekesera za kuyanjananso kwa gulu zinayamba kuonekera kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000, koma mwamsanga zinatha Dave Davis atadwala sitiroko mu June 2004.
Pambuyo pake Dave anachira, zomwe zinayambitsa mphekesera zina, koma sizinachitike.
Peter Quaife, woyimba bassist woyambirira wa gululi, adamwalira ndi vuto la impso pa June 23, 2010.
