Richard David James, wodziwika bwino monga Aphex Twin, ndi m'modzi mwa oimba otchuka komanso odziwika bwino nthawi zonse.
Kuyambira pamene adatulutsa nyimbo zake zoyamba ku 1991, James wakhala akuwongolera kalembedwe kake ndikukankhira malire a nyimbo zamagetsi.
Izi zidapangitsa kuti pakhale njira zingapo zosiyanitsira ntchito ya woyimba: kuchokera kuchipembedzo kupita kuukadaulo waukali.
Mosiyana ndi ojambula ambiri omwe adawonekera pazithunzi za 90s techno, James adadzikhazikitsa yekha ngati mlengi wa nyimbo ndi mavidiyo osintha.
Malire amtundu woterewa adathandizira James kukulitsa omvera ake kuchokera kwa omvera a rave kupita kwa odziwa nyimbo za rock.
Oimba ambiri amamutchabe gwero lawo lolimbikitsa.
Nyimbo yake ya piyano "Avril 14th" kuchokera mu chimbale "Drukqs" pang'onopang'ono inayamba kukhala ndi moyo wakekha pogwiritsa ntchito kanema wawayilesi ndi mafilimu, kukhala ntchito yodziwika kwambiri ya Aphex Twin.
Pofika pakati pa zaka za m'ma 2010, woyimbayo adakhazikika kwambiri mu chikhalidwe chamakono kotero kuti kutulutsidwa kwa ma Albums monga "Syro" ya 2014 ndi "Collapse" ya 2018 kudatsatiridwa ndi kampeni yotsatsa.
Zinaphatikizapo kuwonetsa chizindikiro cha Aphex Twin pazikwangwani m'mizinda yayikulu.
Ntchito yoyambirira
James adachita chidwi ndi zida zamagetsi ali wachinyamata ku Cornwall, England.
Malinga ndi nyimbo zoyamba za woimbayo, zojambulidwazi adazipanga ali ndi zaka 14.
Mouziridwa ndi nyumba ya asidi kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 80, James adakhala DJ ku Cornwall.
Ntchito yake yoyambira inali EP "Analogue Bubblebath", yojambulidwa ndi Tom Middleton ndikutulutsidwa pa chizindikiro cha Mighty Force mu Seputembala 1991.
Pambuyo pake Middleton adasiya James kuti apange gulu lake la Global Communication. Pambuyo pake, James adalemba kupitiliza kwa mndandanda wa Analogue Bubblebath.
Mu mndandanda wa Albums mukhoza kuona "Digeridoo", kumasulidwa kachiwiri amene mu 1992 anatenga malo 55 mu matchati British.
Nyimboyi idawululidwa pa wayilesi ya London pirate ya Kiss FM ndipo idapangitsa gulu laku Belgian R&S Records kusaina woyimbayo.
Komanso mu 1992, James adatulutsa Xylem Tube EP. Nthawi yomweyo, adapanga dzina lake, Rephlex, ndi Grant Wilson-Claridge, kutulutsa nyimbo zingapo zotchedwa Caustic Window mu 1992-1993.
Kukula kwa nyimbo zozungulira
Komabe, nyengo ya "luntha" techno inakhala yabwino kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 90. Orb adatsimikizira kutheka kwa malonda amtundu wa ambient house ndi nyimbo yawo yapamwamba kwambiri "Blue Room".
Nthawi yomweyo, kampani yodziyimira payokha yaku Belgian R&S idakhazikitsa gawo lozungulira lotchedwa Apollo.
Mu Novembala 1992, James adayamba kutulutsa chimbale chachitali chotchedwa Selected Ambient Works 85-92, chomwe chinali ndi zinthu zopangidwa kunyumba zojambulidwa zaka zingapo zapitazi.
Mwachidule, inali ukadaulo waukadaulo wozungulira komanso ntchito yachiwiri ya wojambula pambuyo pa Orb's Adventures Beyond the Ultraworld.
Pamene adawala ngati nyenyezi yeniyeni, magulu angapo adatembenukira kwa woimbayo ndi chikhumbo chofuna kusakaniza nyimbo zawo.
James adavomera, ndipo zotsatira zake "zidasinthidwa" kuchokera kumagulu monga The Cure, Jesus Jones, Meat Beat Manifesto ndi Curve.
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1993, Richard James adasaina ndi Warp Records, chizindikiro cha ku Britain chodziwika bwino chomwe chinayambitsa lingaliro la "nyimbo zamagetsi zomvera" ndi mndandanda wa ma Albums ochokera kwa apainiya a techno Black Dog, Autechre, B12 ndi FUSE (aka Richie Hawtin) .
Kutulutsidwa kwa James pamndandanda wotchedwa "Surfing on Sine Waves" kudatulutsidwa mu 1993 pansi pa pseudonym Polygon Window.
Chimbalecho chinapanga njira pakati pa phokoso lolimba la nyimbo za techno, ndi minimalism yotsika kwambiri monga "Selected Ambient Works".
Kugwira ntchito ndi Warp ndi TVT kunabala zipatso - chimbale "Surfing on Sine Waves", chomwe chinatulutsidwa m'chilimwe cha 1993. M'chaka chomwecho, nyimbo yachiwiri "Analogue Bubblebath 3 ya Rephlex" inatulutsidwa.
Ntchitoyi idajambulidwa pansi pa pseudonym AFX ndipo idakhala mbiri yotalikirapo kuposa yomwe ili muntchito ya Aphex Twin.
Atatha kuyendera America ndi Orbital ndi Moby pambuyo pake chaka chimenecho, James adachepetsa nthawi yake yochita masewera.
"Selected Ambient Works, Vol. II"
Mu December 1993, nyimbo yatsopano yotchedwa "On" inatulutsidwa. Idakwera pamwamba pa ma chart, ikufika pachimake pa nambala 32 ku UK.
Nyimboyi inali m'magawo awiri ndipo idaphatikizanso zosinthidwa ndi mnzake wakale wa James, Tom Middleton, komanso nyenyezi yaku Rephlex Ziq.
Ngakhale James adawonekera pama chart a pop, chimbale chake chotsatira, Selected Ambient Works, Vol. II" adatengedwa ngati nthabwala ndi gulu la techno.
Ntchitoyo idakhala yocheperako kwambiri, yokhala ndi zida zomveka bwino komanso phokoso losokoneza kumbuyo.
Albumyi inafika pa 11 pamwamba pa ma chart aku UK ndipo posakhalitsa inapatsa James mwayi wosayina mgwirizano ndi chizindikiro cha America.
Mu 1994, woyimbayo adagwira ntchito ku gulu lomwe likukula kwambiri la Rephlex. -Ziq, Kosmik Kommando, Kinesthesia / Cylob adalembanso pamenepo.
Mu Ogasiti 1994, chimbale chachinayi pagulu la Analogue Bubblebath (EP yokhala ndi mayendedwe asanu) idatulutsidwa.
1995 inayamba ndi Januwale kutulutsidwa kwa "Classics", mndandanda wa nyimbo zoyambirira za R & S. Patatha miyezi iwiri, James adatulutsa "Ventolin" imodzi, phokoso lopweteka, lopweteka. James anali ndi chiyembekezo chachikulu pa iye.
Richard D. James Album
Nyimbo imodzi ya "I Care because You Do" inatsatiridwa mu Epulo, kuphatikizika ndi zinthu zina zomveka bwino.
Kuphatikiza pa kusiyanasiyana kwamtunduwu ndi ntchito ya olemba nyimbo zakale kwambiri - kuphatikiza Philip Glass, yemwe adakonza nyimbo ya orchestra ya Icct Hedral mu Ogasiti.
Pambuyo pake chaka chimenecho, Hangable Auto Bulb EP inalowa m'malo mwa Analogue Bubblebath 3 ngati Aphex Twin yotulutsa mwankhanza komanso mosasunthika, kuphatikiza nyimbo zoyesera kuchokera mbali zosiyanasiyana.
Mu Julayi 1996, Rephlex adatulutsa mgwirizano womwe ukuyembekezeredwa pakati pa Richard James ndi -Ziq. Chimbale "Expert Knob Twiddlers" (chosayinidwa ngati Mike & Rich) chinachepetsa kuyesa kwa Aphex Twin ndi njira yosavuta kumva ya electro-funk -Ziq.
Chimbale chachinayi cha Aphex Twin chinatulutsidwa mu November 1996 ndipo ankatchedwa Richard D. James Album. Ntchitoyi inapitiriza kufufuza nyimbo zoyesera.
Koma ndi chikhumbo chofuna kugunda ma chart a ku Britain, zolemba ziwiri zotsatira za James - EP ya 1997 "Come to Daddy" ndi EP ya 1999 "Windowlicker" - zidalowetsedwa m'gulu lalikulu la ng'oma ndi bass yotchuka panthawiyo.
Kumayambiriro kwa 2000s
James sanatulutse kalikonse mu 2000, koma adalemba zolemba za Flex, filimu yaifupi ya Chris Cunningham yowonetsedwa ngati gawo la chiwonetsero cha Apocalypse ku Royal Academy ku London.
Podziwika pang'ono, kumapeto kwa 2001 LP ina "Drukqs" idawonekera - imodzi mwamawu odabwitsa kwambiri a James.
Komabe, chimbale anatulutsa mmodzi wa nyimbo zake zotchuka kwambiri, ndicho limba "Avril 14th", amene anaonekera mu mafilimu angapo ndi mapulogalamu TV.
Kugulitsa "Caustic Window" pamsika
Ngakhale kuti James anapitirizabe kuchita nthawi zambiri ndi DJs, sanatulutse zinthu zina mpaka 2005, pamene Rephlex anatulutsa imodzi mwa ntchito zawo zotchedwa "Analord", minimalist techno ambient.
Apa woimba anabwerera ku phokoso lake "Caustic Zenera" ndi "Bubblebath" 90s oyambirira. Chosen Lords, CD yophatikiza zinthu zina kuchokera ku Analord, idatulutsidwa mu Epulo 2006.
James anapitirizabe kuimba nyimbo ngati DJ ndikuchita live. Ndipo mu 2009, "Rushup Edge" LP idabadwa, ndipo idasainidwa ndi pseudonym Tuss.
Ngakhale James ndi Rephlex anakana kuti ndi ntchito yake, panali mphekesera kuti inali dzina lina la Aphex.
Mphekesera zina kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 2000 zinali za kutulutsidwa kwa chimbale chatsopano cha James, koma zidakhala zopanda maziko.
Komabe, mu 2014, mtundu wosowa kwambiri wa Album ya Caustic Window ya 1994 idagulitsidwa. Idagulidwa kudzera ku kampani imodzi ndikugawidwa kwa omwe atenga nawo gawo mu mawonekedwe a digito.
Kope lakuthupi linagulidwa ndi mlengi wa masewera otchuka a kanema Min. Zoposa $46 zinasamutsidwa, ndipo ndalamazo zinagawidwa kwa James, othandizira ndi bungwe lothandizira.
Zoyenera kumvera kuchokera ku Aphex Twin yatsopano?
Mu Ogasiti chaka chomwecho, ndege yobiriwira yokhala ndi logo ya Aphex Twin idawonedwa ku London. Pofika kumapeto kwa mwezi wotsatira, Warp adatulutsa "Syro", nyimbo yoyamba ya Aphex Twin m'zaka khumi.
Chimbalecho chinapambana Grammy ya Best Dance/Electronic Album. Patangotha miyezi itatu, James adatsitsa nyimbo zopitilira 30 zomwe sizinatulutsidwe zomwe zidapangidwa kuti zitsitsidwe kwaulere.
Pambuyo pake mu 2015, James atakweza nyimbo zopitilira 100, wopangayo adabwezeretsanso dzina la AFX pa EP inanso yayikulu: "Orphaned Deejay Selek 2006-2008".
Panali zochitika zosawerengeka zamoyo mu 2017 ndi matikiti ochepa kwambiri.
M'chilimwe cha 2018, James adayambitsa kampeni ina yodabwitsa yotsatsa mumsewu.
Chizindikiro cha Aphex Twin chapezeka ku London, Turin ndi Los Angeles, koma palibe zambiri zomwe zaperekedwa. Mu Seputembala chaka chomwecho, adatulutsa Collapse EP, yomwe inali ndi nyimbo yabwino kwambiri "T69 Collapse".
