Black Sabbath ndi gulu lodziwika bwino la rock la Britain lomwe mphamvu zake zimamveka mpaka pano. Pazaka zopitilira 40, gululi lakwanitsa kutulutsa ma Albamu 19. Anasintha mobwerezabwereza kalembedwe kake ka nyimbo ndi kamvekedwe kake.
Kwa zaka zambiri za gululi, nthano monga Ozzy Osborne, Ronnie James Dio ndi Ian Gillan.
Chiyambi cha ulendo wa Sabata Lakuda
Gululo linakhazikitsidwa ku Birmingham ndi anzake anayi. Ozzy Osbourne Tony Iommi, Geezer Butler ndi Bill Ward anali okonda jazi ndi The Beatles. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, anayamba kuyesa mawu awo.
Oimba adadziwonetsa okha mu 1966, akuimba nyimbo pafupi ndi mtundu wa fusion. Zaka zoyamba za kukhalapo kwa gululi zinali zogwirizana ndi kufufuza kwachilengedwe, limodzi ndi mikangano yosatha ndi kusintha kwa mayina.
Gululo linapeza bata mu 1969, atalemba nyimbo yotchedwa Black Sabbath. Pali zongopeka zambiri, ndichifukwa chake gulu linasankha dzina ili, lomwe lidakhala chinsinsi cha ntchito ya gululo.
Ena amati izi ndi chifukwa cha zomwe Osborn adakumana nazo pazamatsenga. Ena amanena kuti dzinali linabwerekedwa ku filimu yowopsya ya dzina lomwelo Mario Bava.
Phokoso la nyimbo ya Black Sabbath, yomwe pambuyo pake inakhala yotchuka kwambiri m’gululi, inkasiyanitsidwa ndi kamvekedwe kodetsa nkhaŵa ndi kamvekedwe kake, kosazolowereka kwa nyimbo za rock zazaka zimenezo.
Zolembazo zimagwiritsa ntchito "nthawi ya Mdyerekezi" yodziwika bwino, yomwe idathandizira kumvetsetsa kwa nyimbo ndi omvera. Zotsatira zake zidakulitsidwa ndi mutu wamatsenga wosankhidwa ndi Ozzy Osbourne.
Atamva kuti ku Britain kuli gulu la Earth, oimbawo adasintha dzina lawo kukhala Black Sabbath. Album kuwonekera koyamba kugulu wa oimba, amene anamasulidwa February 13, 1970, analandira chimodzimodzi dzina.
Kukwera kutchuka ku Black Sabata
Gulu la rock la Birmingham linapeza chipambano chenicheni kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m’ma 1970. Atajambula chimbale choyambirira cha Black Sabbath, gululi nthawi yomweyo lidayamba ulendo wawo waukulu woyamba.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, chimbalecho chidalembedwa ndi mapaundi a 1200. Maola a 8 a ntchito ya studio adaperekedwa kuti ajambule nyimbo zonse. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, gululo linamaliza ntchitoyo m’masiku atatu.
Ngakhale kuti nthawi yomalizirayi inali yolimba, kusowa thandizo la ndalama, oimbawo adajambula chimbale, chomwe tsopano ndi chodziwika bwino cha nyimbo za rock. Nthano zambiri zanena kuti chikoka cha chimbale choyambirira cha Black Sabbath.
Kutsika kwa tempo ya nyimbo, phokoso lamphamvu la gitala la bass, kukhalapo kwa gitala lolemera kwambiri kunapangitsa kuti gululo lidziwike ndi makolo amitundu monga zitsulo za doom, rocker rock ndi sludge. Komanso, linali gulu loimba lomwe kwa nthawi yoyamba linachotsa mawu a nyimbo pamutu wachikondi, ndikukonda zithunzi zamdima za Gothic.
Ngakhale kuti albumyi idachita bwino pamalonda, gululi lidapitilizabe kutsutsidwa ndi akatswiri amakampani. Makamaka, zofalitsa zovomerezeka monga Rolling Stones zidapereka ndemanga zokwiya.
Ndiponso, gulu la Sabata Lakuda linaimbidwa mlandu wa kulambira Satana ndi kulambira mdierekezi. Oimira gulu la satana la La Veya adayamba kupezeka nawo pamakonsati awo. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, oimbawo anali ndi mavuto aakulu.
Gawo Lagolide la Sabata Lakuda
Zinatengera Black Sabata miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yokha kuti alembe mbiri yatsopano ya Paranoid. Kupambanako kunali kwakukulu kwambiri kotero kuti gululo linatha nthawi yomweyo ulendo wawo woyamba wa ku America.
Kale panthawiyo, oimba adasiyanitsidwa ndi nkhanza za hashish ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana za psychotropic, mowa. Koma ku America, anyamata anayesa mankhwala ena oipa - cocaine. Izi zinathandiza kuti anthu a ku Britain apitirizebe kutsatira ndondomeko ya anthu opanga ndalama zopezera ndalama zambiri.
Kutchuka kunakula. Mu Epulo 1971, gululo linatulutsa Master of Reality, yomwe idapita pawiri platinamu. Kuchita mopupuluma kunapangitsa kuti oimbawo agwire ntchito mopambanitsa, amene ankangoyendayenda.
Malinga ndi woyimba gitala wa gululo Tommy Iovi, adafunikira kupuma. Chifukwa chake gululo linapanga chimbale chotsatira palokha. Cholembedwa chokhala ndi mutu wolankhula Vol. 4 idalimbikitsidwanso ndi otsutsa. Izi sizinamulepheretse kupeza "golide" pakangotha milungu ingapo.
Kusintha mawu
Izi zidatsatiridwa ndi zolemba zingapo za Sabbath Bloody Sabbath, Sabotage, zomwe zimapangitsa gululo kukhala limodzi mwamagulu odziwika kwambiri a rock. Koma chimwemwecho sichinakhalitse. Mkangano waukulu unali kuyambika wokhudzana ndi malingaliro opanga Tommy Iovi ndi Ozzy Osbourne.
Woyambayo ankafuna kuwonjezera zida zosiyanasiyana za mkuwa ndi kiyibodi ku nyimbo, kuchoka ku malingaliro apamwamba a heavy metal. Kwa Ozzy Osborne wamkulu, kusintha kotereku sikunali kovomerezeka. Album ya Technical Ecstasy inali yomaliza kwa woimba wotchuka, yemwe adaganiza zoyamba ntchito payekha.
Gawo latsopano lazidziwitso
Pamene Ozzy Osbourne anali kukhazikitsa pulojekiti yake, oimba a Black Sabbath gulu mwamsanga anapeza m'malo mwa mnzawo monga Ronnie James Dio. Woyimbayo adatchuka kale chifukwa cha utsogoleri wake mu gulu lina lachipembedzo la rock la 1970s, Rainbow.
Kufika kwake kunawonetsa kusintha kwakukulu mu ntchito ya gululo, potsirizira pake kuchoka ku phokoso lapang'onopang'ono lomwe linapambana pazojambula zoyamba. Zotsatira za nthawi ya Dio zidatulutsa nyimbo ziwiri za Heaven and Hell (1980) ndi Mob Rules (1981).
Kuwonjezera pa kulenga, Ronnie Dzheyms Dio anayambitsa chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha metalhead monga "mbuzi", yomwe ili mbali ya chikhalidwe ichi mpaka lero.
Kulephera kwa chilengedwe ndi kusokonezeka kwina
Pambuyo pa kuchoka kwa Ozzy Osbourne kupita ku gulu la Black Sabata, kubweza kwenikweni kwa antchito kunayamba. Kapangidwe kake kakusintha pafupifupi chaka chilichonse. Tommy Iommi yekha ndi amene anakhala mtsogoleri nthawi zonse wa gulu.
Mu 1985, gulu anasonkhana "golide" mzere. Koma chinali chochitika chimodzi chokha. Asanakumanenso kwenikweni, "mafani" a gululo ayenera kuyembekezera zaka zopitilira 20.
M’zaka zotsatira, gulu la Black Sabbath linkachita nawo makonsati. Anatulutsanso ma Albums angapo "olephera" omwe adakakamiza Iommi kuti azingogwira ntchito payekha. Woyimba gitala wodziwika watopetsa luso lake lopanga.
kukumananso
Chodabwitsa kwa mafani chinali kukumananso kwa gulu lakale, lomwe lidalengezedwa pa Novembara 11, 2011. Osbourne, Iommi, Butler, Ward adalengeza za kuyambika kwa konsati, momwe akukonzekera kuyendera.
Koma mafaniwo analibe nthawi yosangalala, monga momwe nkhani zachisoni zimatsatira. Ulendowu udathetsedwa chifukwa Tommy Iommi adapezeka ndi khansa. Kenako Ward adasiya gululo, osatha kugwirizana ndi osewera ena onse.
Ngakhale mavuto onse, oimba analemba chimbale 19, amene mwalamulo anakhala otsiriza mu ntchito ya Black Sabata.
Mmenemo, gululo linabwerera ku phokoso lawo lakale la theka loyamba la zaka za m'ma 1970, zomwe zinakondweretsa "mafani". Albumyi idalandira ndemanga zabwino komanso idalola gululo kuti liyambe ulendo wotsazikana.
Mu 2017, zidalengezedwa kuti gululi likusiya ntchito zake zopanga.
