The Shadows ndi gulu la nyimbo za rock zaku Britain. Gululo linakhazikitsidwa kale mu 1958 ku London. Poyamba, oimba ankaimba pansi pa pseudonyms kulenga The Five Chester Nuts ndi The Drifters. Sizinali mpaka 1959 pamene dzina lakuti The Shadows linawonekera.
Ili ndi gulu limodzi la zida zomwe zidakwanitsa kutchuka padziko lonse lapansi. The Shadows ndi amodzi mwa magulu akale kwambiri a rock padziko lapansi.
Mbiri ya kulengedwa ndi kapangidwe ka gulu la Shadows
Gulu loyamba la gululi linali ndi oimba awa:
- Hank Marvin (gitala lotsogolera, piyano, mawu);
- Bruce Welch (gitala la rhythm);
- Terence "Jet" Harris (bass)
- Tony Meehan (percussion)
Kapangidwe kake kakusintha nthawi ndi nthawi, monganso gulu lililonse. Oimba awiri okha adatsalira pamzere woyambirira: Marvin ndi Welch. Winanso membala wapano, Brian Bennett, wakhala ndi gululi kuyambira 1961.
Zonsezi zinayamba mu 1958. Kenako Hank Marvin ndi Bruce Welch anabwera kuchokera ku Newcastle kupita ku London monga mbali ya gulu la Railroaders. Oimbawo sanabwerere kwawo, koma adalowa nawo The Five Chester Nuts.
Kenako Cliff Richard anali kufunafuna woyimba gitala wotsatira. Iye ankafuna kuitana Tony Sheridan udindo, koma anasankha Hank ndi Bruce.
Terry Harris adaseweranso mu The Drifters. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1950, woyimba ng'oma Terry Smart adasinthidwa ndi Tony Meehan. Chifukwa chake, gawo la mapangidwe a gulu laling'ono la rock linamalizidwa.
A Drifters amatsagana ndi Richard. Patapita nthawi, anayamba kulemba nyimbo zodziimira payekha. Oimbawo adazindikira kuti ku United States of America kuli kale gulu lomwe lili ndi dzina lomwelo la Drifters. Pofuna kupewa mikangano zotheka, anyamata anayamba kuchita pansi pa pseudonym kulenga Mithunzi.
Pansi pa dzina latsopano, oimba ayamba kale kujambula nyimbo mwachangu. Ngakhale izi zidachitika, okonda nyimbo mouma khosi sanazindikire zoyesayesa za The Shadows.
Kutchuka koyamba kwa The Shadows
Mkhalidwe wa gululo udasintha pomwe adalemba chivundikiro cha nyimbo ya Jerry Lordan ya Apache. Nyimbo zoyimba zidatenga malo oyamba pa tchati yaku Britain. Kwa masabata a 1, nyimboyi sinachoke pa malo oyamba a parade yomwe inagunda.
Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo mpaka pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1960, nyimbo za gululi "zinkagwedezeka" m'ma chart a ku Britain. The kuwonekera koyamba kugulu kasewero wa timu anatenga malo 1, koma sizinapulumutse gulu kusintha antchito.
Mu 1961, Meehan anasiya gululo mosayembekezereka. Sanalowe m'malo ndi Brian Bennett. Mu Epulo 1962 Harris adasiya gululo ndikupereka gitala la bass kwa Brian Locking. Patapita chaka, Brian anasiya gululo. Anasiya nyimbo chifukwa chakuti anali m’gulu lachipembedzo.
Brian posakhalitsa adasinthidwa ndi John Rostill, kukhazikika mpaka 1968. Pamndandanda uwu, gululi lidakulitsa ma discography awo ndi ma Albums asanu. Ngakhale izi, oimba anapitiriza kutsagana Cliff Richard pa maulendo ake.
Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti oimba, pamodzi ndi Richard, adasewera mafilimu angapo, ngakhale kujambula nyimbo za mafilimu. Mu 1968, gululi lidapereka Kukhazikitsidwa kwa 1958 kukondwerera zaka khumi.
Kusweka koyamba ndi kukumananso kwa Shadows
Ngakhale kuti kutchuka kunali kuwonjezereka, maganizo a gululo anaipiraipira. Mikangano inachititsa kuti mu 1968 gululo linatha. Koma izi zinali zosakhalitsa.
Mu 1969, oimba adagwirizananso. Iwo analemba limodzi ndi chimbale, komanso anakwanitsa kupita zoimbaimba ku England ndi Japan. Kenako Hank ndi Brian anayamba ntchito payekha, ndipo Rostill anapita Tom Jones. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, Bruce ndi Hank ankafuna kusewera limodzi popanda kugwiritsa ntchito dzina lolenga la Shadows. Anagwirizana ndi John Farrar ndi Bennett.
Mamembala a gululo adadalira manambala a mawu. Komabe, okonda nyimbo sanavomereze nyimbo zawo ndipo adafuna zida zapamwamba monga Apache ndi FBI.
Oimbawo adamva pempho la mafani a ntchito yawo. Iwo anasintha repertoire awo ndipo kachiwiri anayamba kuchita pansi pa kulenga pseudonym Shadows. Posakhalitsa mafani adalandilidwa ndi chimbale chatsopano cha Rockin' With Curly Leads. Chimbalecho chinagunda pa khumi.
Nyimboyi Ndiloleni Ndikhale Mmodzi idawonekera pa tchati cha nyimbo kwa nthawi yoyamba m'zaka zingapo, ndikutenga malo a 12. Chapakati pa 1970s, Farrar adatsatira wokondedwa wake Olivia Newton-John kupita ku United States of America.
Mamembala atsopano ndi ulendo wamagulu
Posakhalitsa gululo lidawonjezeredwa ndi membala watsopano - woimba nyimbo za basi Alan Tarney. Mu 1977, gululi likuyembekezera kupambana kwenikweni ndikutulutsidwa kwa EMI kuphatikiza The Shadows 20 Golden Greats. Kuphatikizikako kunayambira pa nambala 1 pama chart amderalo. Nyimbo zopitilira 1 miliyoni zagulitsidwa.
Gululi lidayenda, koma popanda Tarney, koma ndi Alan Jones ndi Francis Monkman. Atasiya zoimbaimba, oimba anapereka chimbale latsopano, lotchedwa Chokoma.
Chimbale chatsopanocho chinali ndi mawu "olemetsa". Ngakhale kusinthaku, kusonkhanitsa sikunakondedwe ndi mafani komanso okonda nyimbo. Kuchokera pazamalonda, chimbalecho chinakhala "kulephera".
Mu 1978, The Shadows ndi Cliff Richard adakondwerera chaka chachikulu. Iwo akhala pa siteji kwa zaka 20. Oimba adakondwerera mwambowu ndi sewero ku London Palladium. Cliff Hall wa Keyboardist anathandizira oimba pa konsati. Pambuyo pake, woimbayo anali membala wa gululo kwa zaka 12.
Kutha kwa zaka za m'ma 1970 kunadziwika ndi chaka choyesera nyimbo. Oyimbawo adawonjezera zida za disco pakumveka. Chotsatira cha ntchito yawo chinali nyimbo ya Don't Cry For Me Argentina. Kupambana kwa nyimboyi kunafikira ku chimbale chotsatira, String of hits.
The Shadows kusaina ndi Polydor
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, oimba ankafuna kugula ufulu wa ma Album awo oyambirira kuchokera ku EMI. Kuyesera kubwezera zosonkhanitsidwazo kunapangitsa kuti mgwirizano ndi chizindikirocho ithe.
Oimbawo adasaina mgwirizano ndi gulu la Polydor. Posakhalitsa nyimbo za gululi zidawonjezeredwanso ndi chimbale chatsopano, Change of Address. Zosonkhanitsazo zinalandiridwa mwachikondi ndi okonda nyimbo ndi otsutsa nyimbo.
Nthawi imeneyi imadziwika ndi masamba oyambira. Oimbawo atabweranso kuti akayimbe nyimbo zawozawo pa Life in the Jungle, zidapezeka kuti adaipitsitsa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, panali kusintha kwa kamangidwe ka gululo. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, Alan Jones anachita ngozi ya galimoto. Analowedwa m'malo ndi Mark Griffiths.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, Bennett anasiya gululo. Anaganiza zodzizindikira kuti ndi wopeka nyimbo. Zotsatira zake, gululo linataya pansi pa mapazi awo. Gululo linatha. Ngakhale izi, zosonkhanitsira zidapitilirabe kutulutsidwa, koma, tsoka, kutchuka kunali kopanda funso.
Mu 2003, Hank, Bruce ndi Brian, mokondweretsa mafani, adakumananso ndikukonzekera ulendo wotsazikana. Nthawi zina oimba anaonekera pa siteji, koma discography gulu si kuwonjezeredwa Albums latsopano.
