Bob Dylan ndi m'modzi mwa anthu otchuka kwambiri pa nyimbo za pop ku United States. Iye si woimba, wolemba nyimbo, komanso wojambula, wolemba komanso wojambula mafilimu. Wojambulayo amatchedwa "mawu a m'badwo."
Mwinamwake ndicho chifukwa chake samagwirizanitsa dzina lake ndi nyimbo za mbadwo uliwonse. "Ataphulika" mu nyimbo zachikale m'zaka za m'ma 1960, adafuna kulenga osati nyimbo zosangalatsa, zopweteka. Koma ankafunanso kudziwitsa anthu za ndale ndi mawu ake.
Anali wopanduka kwenikweni. Wojambulayo sanali munthu yemwe ankatsatira miyambo yomwe inalipo ya nyimbo zotchuka za nthawi yake. Anaganiza zoyesa nyimbo ndi mawu ake. Ndipo adasinthanso mitundu monga nyimbo za pop ndi nyimbo zamtundu. Ntchito yake inaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyimbo - blues, country, gospel, folk ndi rock ndi roll.
Woimba waluso amakhalanso woyimba zida zambiri yemwe amatha kuimba gitala, keyboards ndi harmonica. Iye ndi woimba wosinthasintha. Chothandizira chake chofunikira kwambiri pa dziko la nyimbo chimatengedwa ngati kulemba nyimbo.
M'nyimbozo, wojambula amakhudza nkhani za chikhalidwe, ndale kapena filosofi. Woimbayo amakondanso kujambula ndipo ntchito zake zakhala zikuwonetsedwa m'malo owonetsera zojambulajambula.
Ubwana wa Bob Dylan ndi ntchito yake yoyamba
Woyimba nyimbo zamtundu wa rock komanso wolemba nyimbo Bob Dylan adabadwa pa Meyi 24, 1941 ku Duluth, Minnesota. Makolo ake ndi Abram ndi Beatrice Zimmerman. Dzina lenileni la wojambula ndi Robert Allen Zimmerman. Iye ndi mng’ono wake David anakulira m’dera la Hibbing. Kumeneko adamaliza maphunziro awo ku Hibbing High School mu 1959.
Atasonkhezeredwa ndi oimba nyimbo za rock monga Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis ndi Little Richard (omwe anamutsanzira pa piyano panthaŵi ya sukulu), Dylan wachichepere anapanga magulu akeake. Awa ndi Gold Chords ndi gulu lomwe adatsogolera pansi pa dzina lachinyengo Elston Gunn. Ali ku yunivesite ya Minnesota, adayamba kuyimba nyimbo zamtundu wamtundu komanso zakumidzi kumalo odyera a Bob Dylan.
Mu 1960, Bob anasiya koleji ndipo anasamukira ku New York. Fano lake linali woimba wodziwika bwino Woody Guthrie. Woody anagonekedwa m'chipatala ndi osowa cholowa matenda a mantha dongosolo.
Nthawi zambiri ankapita ku Guthrie m'chipinda chachipatala. Wojambulayo adakhala nawo nthawi zonse m'makalabu amtundu wa anthu komanso nyumba za khofi ku Greenwich Village. Anakumana ndi oimba ena ambiri. Ndipo anayamba kulemba nyimbo pa liwiro lodabwitsa, kuphatikizapo Nyimbo ya Woody (msonkho kwa ngwazi yake yodwala).
Mgwirizano ndi Columbia Records
Chakumapeto kwa 1961, imodzi mwa zokamba zake idalandira ndemanga yabwino kwambiri mu The New York Times. Kenako adasaina ndi Columbia Records. Kenako adasintha dzina lake lomaliza kukhala Dylan.
Album yoyamba, yomwe inatulutsidwa kumayambiriro kwa 1962, inali ndi nyimbo 13. Koma awiri okha a iwo anali oyambirira. Wojambulayo wawonetsa mawu amphamvu mu nyimbo zachikhalidwe zachikhalidwe komanso nyimbo zachikuto za nyimbo za blues.
Dylan adatuluka ngati amodzi mwamawu oyambilira komanso andakatulo m'mbiri ya nyimbo zodziwika bwino zaku America pa The Freewheelin 'Bob Dylan (1963). Zosonkhanitsazo zikuphatikiza nyimbo ziwiri zosaiŵalika za m'ma 1960. Kumawomba Mphepo ndi Mvula Yamphamvu Kugwa Kugwa.
Album ya Times Are a-Changin 'inakhazikitsa Dylan ngati wolemba nyimbo wazaka za m'ma 1960. Mbiri yake idakula atakumana ndi Joan Baez ("chithunzi" chodziwika bwino cha gululi) mu 1963.
Ngakhale ubale wake wachikondi ndi Baez udatha zaka ziwiri zokha. Zakhala zopindulitsa kwambiri kwa oimba onse ponena za ntchito zawo zoimba. Dylan adalemba zina mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za Baez, ndipo adazipereka kwa mafani masauzande ambiri pamakonsati.
Mu 1964, Dylan adachita ziwonetsero 200 pachaka. Koma watopa kukhala woyimba-wolemba nyimbo wagulu la zionetsero. Chimbalecho, chojambulidwa mu 1964, chinali chaumwini. Unali nyimbo zongoyerekeza, zopanda ndale kuposa zam'mbuyomu.
Bob Dylan pambuyo pa ngoziyi
Mu 1965, Dylan adalemba nyimbo ya Bringing It All Back Home. Pa Julayi 25, 1965, adapanga gawo lake loyamba lamagetsi pa Newport Folk Festival.
Highway 61 Revisited inatulutsidwa mu 1965. Inaphatikizanso nyimbo yamwala Monga Rolling Stone ndi nyimbo ziwiri za Blonde pa Blonde (1966). Ndi mawu ake ndi mawu osaiwalika, Dylan adagwirizanitsa dziko la nyimbo ndi mabuku.
Dylan adapitiliza kudzipangira yekha kwa zaka makumi atatu zotsatira. Mu July 1966, pambuyo pa ngozi ya njinga yamoto, Dylan anachira kwa pafupifupi chaka chimodzi ali yekha.
Nyimbo yotsatira, John Wesley Harding, inatulutsidwa mu 1968. Zophatikiza All Along the Watchtower ndi Nashville Skyline (1969), Self-portrait (1970) ndi Tarantula (1971) zinatsatira.
Mu 1973, Dylan nyenyezi mu filimu "Pat Garrett ndi Billy Mwana" motsogoleredwa ndi Sam Peckinpah. Wojambulayo adalembanso nyimbo ya filimuyi. Idakhala yodziwika bwino komanso yodziwika bwino ya Knockin' on Heaven's Door.
Ulendo Woyamba ndi Chipembedzo
Mu 1974, Dylan anayamba ulendo woyamba wathunthu kuyambira ngoziyi. Anayenda kudutsa dzikolo ndi gulu lake losunga zobwezeretsera. Kuphatikizika komwe adalemba ndi gulu la Planet Waves kudakhala chimbale chake choyamba # 1 m'mbiri.
Kenako wojambulayo adatulutsa chimbale chodziwika bwino cha Blood on the Tracks and Desire (1975). Aliyense adatenga malo oyamba. Kuphatikizika kwa Desire kunalinso nyimbo ya Hurricane, yolembedwa za wankhonya Rubin Carter (wotchedwa The Hurricane). Anaimbidwa mlandu wopha anthu katatu mu 1. Mlandu wa Carter unapangitsa kuti kuzengedwanso mlandu mu 1966, atapezekanso wolakwa.
Pambuyo pa kulekana kowawa kwa mkazi wake Sarah Lownds, nyimbo "Sarah" inatulutsidwa. Kunali kuyesa kwa Dylan modandaula koma kosapambana kuti amubwezere Sarah. Dylan adadzipezanso kachiwiri, akulengeza mu 1979 kuti anabadwa Mkhristu.
Nyimbo ya Evangelical Arrival of the Slow Train inali yotchuka kwambiri. Chifukwa cha nyimboyi, Dylan adalandira mphoto yoyamba ya Grammy. Ulendo ndi ma Albums sizinachite bwino. Ndipo posakhalitsa zizoloŵezi zachipembedzo za Dylan sizinatchulidwe kwambiri mu nyimbo zake. Mu 1982, adalowetsedwa mu Songwriters Hall of Fame.
Rock Star Bob Dylan
Kuyambira m'ma 1980s, Dylan adayendera nthawi ndi nthawi ndi Tom Petty ndi Heartbreakers ndi The Grateful Dead. Nyimbo zodziwika bwino za nthawiyi: Infidels (1983), Five-Disc Retrospective Biography (1985), Knocked Out (1986). Komanso Oh Mercy (1989), yomwe idakhala chopereka chabwino kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa.
Adalemba ma Albums awiri ndi Traveling Wilburys. Komanso: George Harrison, Roy Orbison, Tom Petty ndi Jeff Lynne. Mu 1994, Dylan adalandira Mphotho ya Grammy ya Best Traditional Folk Album ya World Gone Wrong.
Mu 1989, Dylan anaitanidwa ku Rock ndi Roll Hall of Fame. Ndipo Bruce Springsteen adalankhula pamwambowo. Wojambulayo adanena kuti "Bob adamasula malingaliro momwe Elvis adamasula thupi. Anapanga njira yatsopano yomvekera ngati woimba wa pop, adagonjetsa malire a zomwe woimba angakwanitse, ndipo adasintha nkhope ya rock ndi roll kwamuyaya. Mu 1997, Dylan adakhala nyenyezi yoyamba ya rock kulandira Kennedy Center Honorary Badge of Honor. Inali mphoto yapamwamba kwambiri m’dzikoli chifukwa cha luso lazojambula.
Chifukwa cha chimbale cha Time Out of Mind cholemba Dylan (1997), wojambulayo adalandira mphotho zitatu za Grammy. Anapitiliza kuyendera molimbika, kuphatikiza sewero la Papa John Paul Wachiwiri mu 1997. Mmenemo, adasewera Kugogoda Pakhomo la Kumwamba. Komanso mu 1999, woimbayo anapita ndi Paul Simon.
Mu 2000, adajambulitsa nyimbo imodzi ya "Zinthu Zasinthidwa" ya kanema wa Wonder Boys, yemwe adasewera Michael Douglas. Nyimboyi idapambana Golden Globe ndi Oscar ya Best Original Song.
Kenako Dylan adapuma kuti afotokoze mbiri ya moyo wake. M'dzinja 2004, woimbayo anatulutsa Mbiri: Buku Loyamba.
Dylan adafunsidwa kwa nthawi yoyamba m'zaka za 20 pa zolemba Palibe Malo Opatsidwa (2005). Wotsogolera anali Martin Scorsese.
Ntchito zaposachedwa ndi mphotho
Mu 2006, Dylan adatulutsa chimbale cha Modern Times, chomwe chidapita pamwamba pama chart. Zinali kuphatikiza kwa blues, dziko ndi anthu, ndipo chimbalecho chinatamandidwa chifukwa cha mawu ake olemera ndi fano.
Dylan adapitiliza kuyendera mzaka khumi zoyambirira zazaka za zana la 2009. Adatulutsa chimbale cha studio Together Through Life mu Epulo XNUMX.
Mu 2010, adatulutsa chimbale cha bootleg The Witmark Demos. Anatsatiridwa ndi bokosi latsopano, Bob Dylan: The Original Mono Recordings. Kuphatikiza apo, adawonetsa zojambula zoyambirira za 40 zowonetsera payekha ku National Gallery ya Denmark. Mu 2011, wojambulayo adatulutsa nyimbo ina yamoyo, Mu Concert - University of Brandeis 1963. Ndipo mu September 2012, adatulutsa chimbale chatsopano, Tempest. Mu 2015, chivundikiro cha Album Shadows in the Night chinatulutsidwa.
Chimbale cha 37 cha Fallen Angels
Patatha chaka chimodzi, Dylan adatulutsa chimbale cha 37 cha Fallen Angels. Ili ndi nyimbo zachikale zochokera ku Great American Songbook. Ndipo mu 2017, wojambulayo adatulutsa chimbale cha zimbale zitatu za Triplicate. Mulinso nyimbo 30 zosinthidwa. Komanso: Nyengo Yamkuntho, Pamene Nthawi Ikupita Ndipo Zabwino Zikupita.
Kutsatira mphotho za Grammy, Academy ndi Golden Globe, Dylan adalandira Mendulo ya Ufulu wa Purezidenti kuchokera kwa Purezidenti Barack Obama mu 2012. Pa Okutobala 13, 2016, woimba komanso wolemba nyimbo wodziwika adalandiranso Mphotho ya Nobel mu Literature.
Bob Dylan adayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi Swedish Academy popanga mawu andakatulo atsopano mumwambo waukulu wa nyimbo waku America.
Dylan adabweranso mu Novembala 2017 ndikutulutsidwa kwa Trouble No More - The Bootleg Series Vol. 13/1979-1981. Zinalengezedwa kuti situdiyo yake yakale yojambulira ku Greenwich Village (Manhattan) yatsegulidwanso. Inali nyumba yabwino kwambiri yokhala ndi malo okwera opezeka osachepera $12 pamwezi. Pambuyo pake, chitseko cha chipinda chake ku Chelsea Hotel chinagulitsidwa $ 500.
Mu 2018, Dylan anali m'modzi mwa akatswiri ojambula omwe adawonetsedwa pa 6-track EP Universal Love: Nyimbo Zaukwati Zoganiziridwanso, gulu lakale lazaka zosiyanasiyana. Dylan adagoletsa nyimbo ngati: My Girlfriend and And Then He Kissed Me (1929).
Chaka chomwecho, wolemba nyimbo adatulutsanso mtundu wa whisky wa Heaven's Door Spirits. Heaven Hill Distillery akuimbidwa mlandu wophwanya chizindikiro cha malonda.
Moyo waumwini
Wojambulayo adakumana ndi Joan Baez. Kenako ndi woimba komanso wojambula wa uthenga wabwino Mavis Staples, adafuna kumukwatira. Wojambulayo sanalankhulepo za atsikana poyera. Dylan anakwatira Lownds mu 1965, koma anasudzulana mu 1977.
Anali ndi ana anayi: Jessie, Anna, Samueli ndi Yakobo. Ndipo Jacob adakhala woyimba wa gulu lodziwika bwino la rock la Wallflowers. Dylan adatenganso mwana wamkazi, Maria, wochokera ku banja lakale la Lounds.
Popanda kupanga nyimbo, Dylan adafufuza luso lake ngati wojambula zithunzi. Zithunzi zake zawonekera pachikuto cha Albums Self Portrait (1970) ndi Planet of the Waves (1974). Anasindikiza mabuku angapo okhudza zojambula ndi zojambula zake. Wawonetsanso ntchito zake padziko lonse lapansi.
Bob Dylan lero
Kwa nthawi yoyamba m'zaka 8, wodziwika bwino Bob Dylan adapereka njira yake yatsopano ya LP Rough and Rowdy Ways kwa mafani. Zosonkhanitsazo zidalandira ndemanga zabwino zambiri kuchokera kwa mafani. M'mbiri, woyimba mwaluso "amajambula" mawonekedwe. Chimbalecho chinali ndi olemba-nyimbo Fiona Apple ndi Blake Mills.
