Generation X ndi gulu lodziwika bwino lachingerezi la punk rock kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970. Gululi ndi la nthawi yamtengo wapatali ya chikhalidwe cha punk. Dzina lakuti Generation X linabwerekedwa m'buku la Jane Deverson. M'nkhaniyi, wolembayo adalankhula za mikangano pakati pa ma mods ndi rockers mu 1960s.
Mbiri ya kulengedwa ndi kapangidwe ka gulu la Generation X
Pachiyambi cha gululi ndi woimba waluso William Michael Albert Broad. Amadziwika bwino kwa mafani ake pansi pa pseudonym Billy Idol. Iye ankaimba gitala ndipo ankakonda kuwerenga mabuku, koma chofunika kwambiri, munthu anali wolota zodabwitsa. Anali ndi malingaliro ambiri owala ndi mapulani.
Mtsogoleri wa Chelsea Gene Oktober ankafuna woyimba gitala komanso wolemba nyimbo panthawiyo. Kusankhidwa kwapikisano kwa ofunsira, pamodzi ndi Gene, kunachitika ndi wopanga Chelsea.
Albert Broad atalowa mu studio ndikuimba gitala, aliyense adazizira. Nthawi yomweyo Jin anadziwa kuti izi n’zimene ankafuna. Monga kuyesa, gulu laku Britain linajambula nyimbo zachikuto za The Beatles: Bwererani ndi Zonse Zomwe Mukufuna Ndi Chikondi.
Zisudzo zingapo zopambana zidapangitsa oimbawo kumvetsetsa kuti amangoyenera kusewera limodzi. Choncho, William ndi drummer John Toey (mothandizidwa ndi bassist Tony James) anapanga ntchito nyimbo. Anyamatawo anayamba kuchita pansi pa pseudonym kale odziwika kulenga Generation X.
Poyamba, anyamatawa ankagwira ntchito pansi pa mapiko a akaunti ya Acme Attractions, malo ogulitsira zovala zamakono omwe amadziwika ndi achinyamata. Oimba a gulu latsopanoli tsopano adawoneka ngati apamwamba, ngakhale kuti kubwereza kwawo kunachitika m'zipinda zakale ndi magalaja.
Kugawa maudindo a gulu la Generation X
Andrew Chezovsky anawona mu gitala zizoloŵezi zina za mtsogoleri. Anamulangiza kuti agwiritse ntchito fano lake, komanso kutenga pseudonym yolenga ndikudziyesa ngati woimba. Chifukwa cha wowerengera wodzichepetsa, dziko lonse linaphunzira za luso Billy Idol, amene akadali udindo wa woimba nyimbo.
Zida zoimbira zidapita kwa Bob Andrews. Mpaka zaka za m'ma 1970, mnyamatayo adasewera gulu la Paradox. Pambuyo pa mapangidwe a nyimbo, "maphunziro" otopetsa a nyimbo anayamba. Anyamatawo anali okoma mtima poyeserera, akuwongolera manambala awo kuyambira koyambira mpaka kumapeto.
Billy Idol, yemwe anakulira pa ntchito ya The Beatles, anayamba kulemba nyimbo ndi nyimbo. Ntchito zomwe zidatuluka mu "cholembera" cha Billy pambuyo pake zidakhala zapamwamba za rock ya punk. Chifukwa cha izi, ma Albums a m'ma 1970 adalandira udindo wapamwamba - njira ina.
Monga gulu lililonse lanyimbo, mapangidwe a gulu la Generation X adasintha ngati magolovesi. Oimbawo anawasintha pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zaumwini. Ian Hunter, komanso anthu ena otchuka, adagwirizana ndi Billy Idol nthawi ina. Sewero ndi woyimba gitala Steve Jones komanso woyimba ng'oma Paul Cook ndi mutu womwe umakonda kukambirana komanso mitu yowoneka bwino.
Nyimbo za Generation X
Ntchito yoyamba ya Generation X inachitika mu 1976. Oyimbawo adayimba pamalo osayembekezereka a sukulu ya kamangidwe ndi zaluso. Mamembala a gululo adapereka kwa omvera osati nyimbo zoyambirira zokha zomwe zinali zisanamveke kulikonse, komanso mitundu ingapo yachikuto. Masewero a gululi adayambitsa malingaliro abwino pakati pa okonda nyimbo.
Panthawi imeneyi, Chezovsky anayamba kutsegula kalabu yatsopano, Roxy. Zotsatira zake, Generation X idakhala gulu loyamba kuchita pa siteji ya bungwe latsopanoli. Ntchito ya gulu lachichepere idakondedwa ndi opanga ambiri odziwika.
John Ingham (wochita bizinezi wotchuka wochokera ku England) ndi Stuart Joseph (wotsatsa malonda) adapereka gululo kuti ligwirizane ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri kwa obwera kumene. Zolemba za woyimba gitala komanso woyimba gitala Billy Idol zidadzutsa chidwi cha akatswiri pakati pa omwe adawonetsedwa.
Amuna amalonda anayesa ndi mphamvu zawo zonse kumukankhira Billy “mwa anthu.” Iwo akwaniritsa kuti label yodziyimira payokha ya Chiswick Records idasaina mgwirizano ndi woimbayo. Pa kujambula kwa album yoyamba, mayina a mamembala a gulu nthawi zambiri "amawonekera" m'manyuzipepala.
Chiwonetsero choyambirira cha Album
Chiwonetserochi chinachitika mu February 1977. Chimbale chokhala ndi nyimbo ya You Generation chinatulutsidwa chaka chomwecho. Nyimbo za Mverani, Too Personal, Kiss Me Deadly zinali ndi mitu yandale. M’ntchito zawo, oimbawo ankadzudzula anthu amene ankasirira ulamuliro wa Britain wa nthawiyo.
Album yoyamba idakondedwa osati ndi okonda nyimbo okha, komanso ndi otsutsa nyimbo. Nyimbo za Kleenex ndi Rady Steady Go zikadali zofunika pakati pa mafani a nyimbo zolemetsa. Akuluakulu a boma ndiwo okhawo amene ankamvetsera amene sankasangalala ndi ntchito imene oimbawo ankagwira.
Panthawi ya zisudzo, mabotolo adaponyedwa pagulu la anthu ndikukwera papulatifomu. Izi zinakakamiza oimba kuti ayimitse kaye zoimbaimba zawo kwakanthawi. Msonkhano woterewu wa anthu opanda nzeru sunalepheretse gululo kuchita zinthu pagulu. Posakhalitsa oimbawo anapita kukaona malo kupitirira malire a dziko lawo.
Pambuyo pa ulendowu, panali zosintha zina za mzere. Chowonadi ndi chakuti wopanga ndi woyimba ng'oma sanakhutire ndi woyimba ng'omayo. Choyamba, sanafune kusintha chithunzicho, ndipo kachiwiri, anali wosiyana kwambiri ndi ena onse. Posakhalitsa adasinthidwa ndi Mark (Laffoli) Luff.
Kujambula chimbale chatsopano
Kuti alembe chimbale chatsopano, oimbawo adakhazikika ku Fulham Road. Zotsatira za ntchito pa Album yachiwiri ya situdiyo zidakwiyitsa atolankhani ndi otsutsa nyimbo. Iwo kwenikweni "anawombera" chilengedwe chatsopano cha gulu.
Pa nthawi imeneyo, Billy Idol anaonekera pa TV. Chowonadi ndi chakuti adaitanidwa ku pulogalamu ya Top of the Pops. Kusuntha koteroko kunalola gululo kupeza mafani atsopano. Ichi ndichifukwa chake chimbale chotsatira cha Valley of the Dolls, kuchokera pazamalonda, chikhoza kutchedwa chopambana.
Nyimbo zomwe zidaphatikizidwa mu disc yomwe idaperekedwa zidapitilira njira ina. Mavesi a nyimbozo anaphatikiza miyambo yabwino kwambiri ya mawuwo. Olemba nyimbo adatsutsidwa kwambiri chifukwa chopereka nyimbo ya punk, koma izi sizinalepheretse kusonkhanitsa kugulitsa bwino.
Pa nthawiyo, British anapita kukafunafuna thandizo kumbali. Okonda nyimbo zovina adakonda nyimbo zamagulu a King Rocker ndi Fridays Angels.
M’zaka za m’ma 1980, mlengalenga mu timuyi unayamba kutentha. “Zizolowezi” zoipa zinawonjezera motowo. Zoona zake n’zakuti oimba ankagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mowa. Mapangidwe a gululo adasintha kuti asangalatse mtsogoleri wa gululo. Izi zidapangitsa kuti mgwirizano uthetsedwe popanda kufotokoza.
Oimbawo anayesa kwambiri kuthandiza gulu loimba la punk rock. Poyembekezera kuti anthu asangalale, oimbawo adapereka nyimbo yatsopano, Dancing with Myself. Koma ngakhale nyimboyi sinathe kupulumutsa Generation X kulephera. Ntchito ya ma punks a London, omwe adasakaniza mafunde atsopano ndi mobisa, adakumbutsa "mafani" a rock "zabodza".
Kugawanika kwa Generation X
Billy Idol adadzipeza akuganiza kuti gululo lithe. Iye ankalakalaka ntchito payekha. Mothandizidwa ndi opanga, woimbayo adasamukira kutsidya lina. Nyimbo zovina ndi Inemwini zidasungidwa mu pulogalamu yomwe yasinthidwa ndipo zidaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wamapulogalamu abwino kwambiri owerengera.
Oimba ena onse adayesa kuchita popanda Billy. Koma posakhalitsa anazindikira kuti sangakhale paokha. Mamembala agulu la Generation X alengeza kuti ana awo asiya ntchito. Zaka zitatha kugwa, oimba adasonkhananso kuti azisewera pa siteji ya kalabu yotchuka ya Roxy. Chochitika ichi chinachitika mu 2018. Choncho oimba anaganiza kusonyeza ulemu kwa mafani amene sanaiwale ntchito ya Generation X.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti Sweet Revenge inali nyimbo yomaliza muzojambula za gululo. Nyimbozi zidatulutsidwa mu 1990s. Chidwi cha okonda nyimbo za heavy mu ntchito ya magulu a nyimbo za punk rock m'zaka za m'ma 1970 chinapangitsa kutulutsidwa kwa nyimbo zosawonongeka za rock.
