Mikis Theodorakis ndi wolemba nyimbo wachi Greek, woyimba, wodziwika bwino pagulu komanso wandale. Moyo wake unali wokwera ndi zotsika, kudzipereka kwathunthu ku nyimbo ndi kumenyera ufulu wake. Mikis - "anali" maganizo anzeru ndi mfundo sikuti iye analemba ntchito mwaluso nyimbo. Anali ndi zikhulupiriro zomveka bwino za momwe Greece iyenera kukhalira. Anapereka moyo wake wonse pamutu wankhondo yomenyera demokalase.
Choyamba, amadziwika kuti ndi mlengi wa nyimbo zachikale, komanso nyimbo ndi nyimbo zovina mumayendedwe amtundu wa anthu. Kutchuka kwa dziko lonse kwa maestro kunabweretsedwa ndi nyimbo za filimu ya Zorba the Greek ndi Michalis Kakoyannis, yomwe inatulutsidwa m'ma 60s a zaka zapitazo.
Pa tepi yoperekedwayo, woipekayo adapanga nyimbo ya kuvina kwa sirtaki. Masiku ano, ambiri molakwika amati sirtaki ndi magule achi Greek. M'malo mwake, idapangidwa makamaka filimuyo "Zorba the Greek" yochokera kuvina yakale yachi Greek - hasapiko.
Ubwana ndi unyamata wa Mikis Theodorakis
Tsiku lobadwa la Maestro ndi July 29, 1925. Wolemba tsogolo anabadwira m'dera la Chios (chilumba cha dzina lomwelo ku Greece). Iye anakulira m’banja wamba. Makolo ake adamuphunzitsa kulera bwino komanso kukonda zojambulajambula.
Kuyambira ali wachinyamata, ankanjenjemera ndi nyimbo. Mikis Theodorakis adaphunzira kuyimba piyano ndipo adayambitsa kwaya yake nthawi yomweyo. Analoseredwa tsogolo labwino. Makolo sakanatha kupeza zokwanira za chipambano cha ana awo. Posakhalitsa anayamba kulemba nyimbo za wolemba woyamba.
Zaka zankhondo zidakhala zovuta kwambiri kwa Mikis: anali m'gulu lankhondo lolimbana ndi a Nazi omwe adalanda Greece. M'modzi mwa zokambiranazo, adalankhula za chizunzo ndi maganizo omwe asilikali adamuika pa iye. Nkhondo yachiŵiri ya padziko lonse itatha, Mikis anachita nawo nkhondo yachiŵeniŵeni. Theodorakis anatsekeredwa m’ndende kangapo. Anaikidwa m'manda kawiri ali wamoyo ndipo nthawi yomweyo anatuluka.
Theodorakis adasiyanitsidwa ndi kufuna kukhala ndi moyo. Anali ndi udindo womveka bwino wa ndale ndi moyo, zomwe sanasinthe. Anamenyera ufulu wake ndi demokalase m'dziko lakwawo.
Ngakhale kuti anakumana ndi mavuto angapo, sanasiye nyimbo. Patapita nthawi, mnyamata waluso anakhala wophunzira pa Athens Conservatory. Anadzisankhira yekha luso lopanga nyimbo. Kenako anapita ku likulu la France. M'malo atsopano, mnyamatayo analemekeza kusanthula nyimbo ndi kuchita.
Njira yolenga ya Mikis Theodorakis
Nthawi yoyamba ya zilandiridwenso anagwa pa zaka nkhondo. Anapeka nyimbo “zolemera” zodzaza ndi mawu a zowawa ndi zowawa. Nthawi yachiwiri ya nyimbo idabwera pomwe woimbayo adasamukira ku Paris. M'zoimbaimba za nthawi ino, munthu amakhala ndi mphamvu komanso chiyembekezo.
Atabwerera ku Greece, chinthu choyamba chimene anachita chinali kukhala woyambitsa gulu la oimba ndi oimba. Panthawi imeneyi, amakhala ndi zolankhula zingapo ndipo amalemera kwambiri pagulu. Nthawi yomweyo, Mikis adasankhidwa kukhala wachiwiri kwa nyumba yamalamulo.
Pachimake cha ntchito ya woimbayo imagwera pa 60s wa zaka zapitazo. Panthawi imeneyi, adasindikiza nyimbo zingapo, zomwe lero zimatengedwa ngati zapamwamba. Izi zikuphatikizapo opera The Quarter of Angels, ballet Orpheus ndi Eurydice, ndipo, ndithudi, oratorio Ndikoyenera Kudya.
Anadzizindikiritsanso ngati wolemba filimu. Mikis sanaphonye mwayi wogwira ntchito ndi oyang'anira zisudzo ndi mafilimu. Nyimbo zake zakhala zikutsagana ndi zisudzo mobwerezabwereza komanso mafilimu angapo owoneka bwino.
Zikhulupiriro za ndale za Mikis Theodorakis
Maestro anali woimira chipani chamanzere cha demokalase. Analowa m'gulu lotchedwa "mndandanda wakuda" wa akuluakulu aboma pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa ulamuliro wa junta ku Greece.
Mikis Theodorakis anakakamizika kubisala ku boma lomwe lilipo. Wolemba nyimboyo anawopsezedwa. Iye anathamangitsidwa. Oimira akuluakulu anachita zonse zomwe angathe kuti afafanize dzina lake padziko lapansi. Nyimbo za maestro zinaletsedwa m'dziko lonselo, ndipo Mikis mwiniyo anaikidwa m'ndende.
Kenako anatumizidwa ku Paris, kumene anapitiriza ntchito yake. Kenako panafika choyipa kwambiri - msasa wachibalo m'midzi ya Athens. Anthu azikhalidwe ochokera padziko lonse lapansi adadzutsa nkhani yoti wolemba nyimboyo adamangidwa mosaloledwa. Mlanduwo utafika pachimake, boma linayamba kusintha.
Patapita zaka zingapo, Mikis anamasulidwa. Anakwanitsa kufika kudera la France. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyi, iye akutenganso nyimbo. Amayenda kwambiri ndikulimbikitsa kubwezeretsedwa kwa demokalase m'dziko lake. Wolemba Chigiriki ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zazikulu zotsutsa ulamuliro wankhanza. Anabwerera ku Greece patatha zaka 4. Apa ndi pamene kugwa kwa ulamuliro wa junta kunachitika.
M'dziko lake, maestro adasankhidwa kukhala membala wa nyumba yamalamulo kangapo. Iye ankagwira ntchito mu mautumiki a boma. Anali ndi lingaliro lomveka bwino la zomwe Greece iyenera kukhala. Wopeka nyimboyo sankafuna kuona uchigawenga ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo m’dzikolo. Anamenyera nkhondo yoteteza chilengedwe, chisamaliro chabwino chaumoyo ndi maphunziro abwino.
Maestro nawonso sanasiye nyimbo. Anapitiriza kulenga. Panthawi imeneyi, amalemba nyimbo zingapo zochititsa chidwi. Pazaka za kulenga, adasindikiza nyimbo 1000 ndi zolemba khumi ndi ziwiri. Ntchito yake imalemekezedwa osati m'dziko lakwawo lokha. Ntchito za Mikis anapeza omvera awo ku Ulaya, America, Ukraine, Russia.
Mikis Theodorakis: zambiri za moyo wamunthu wa maestro
Wopeka nyimboyo ananena mobwerezabwereza kuti ndi mwamuna mmodzi yekha komanso amakonda banja. Anakumana ndi chikondi chake pamene amaphunzira ku Conservatory. Anamanga mfundo ndi Mirto Altinoglu. M’banja limeneli munakulira mwana wamwamuna ndi wamkazi.
Iye analambira mkazi wake, ndipo mkaziyo nayenso anakhala wokhulupirika kwa iye. Iye ankathandiza mwamuna wake pa chilichonse. Mirto nthawi zambiri ankacheza ndi mwamuna wake ndipo anasamukira naye ku Paris pa nthawi ya junta.
Zosangalatsa za wolemba nyimbo Mikis Theodorakis
- Sanangopeka nyimbo zokha, komanso ndakatulo. Komanso, iye anakhala mlembi wa buku autobiographical.
- Mpaka kumapeto kwa masiku ake anakhalabe wachikominisi.
- Nyimbo za maestro zidapangidwa ndi The Beatles.
- Anali ndi luso lapamwamba la masamu. Ali mwana, adaphunzira sayansi yeniyeni, koma, pamapeto pake, adasankha ntchito yolenga.
- Pakatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 40 m'zaka za zana lapitalo, pa chimodzi mwa ziwonetserozo, adamenyedwa kwambiri moti mnyamatayo adasokonezeka ndi wakufayo ndipo adatengedwa kupita ku morgue.
Imfa ya Mikis Theodorakis
Kuyambira 2019, wakhala ndi vuto lalikulu la mtima. M’chaka chomwecho, woimbayo anachitidwa opaleshoni. Adotolo anaika maestro pacemaker.
Anamwalira pa Seputembara 2, 2021. Anamenyera nkhondo moyo wake kwa nthawi yayitali, koma pamapeto pake, mtima wa Mikisi udatha. Chifukwa cha imfa ya woimbayo ndi munthu wokangalika pagulu ndi ndale anali matenda yaitali. Mtima wake unayima ali ndi zaka 96.
