Hardcore punk idakhala yofunika kwambiri ku America mobisa, kusintha osati gawo loimba la nyimbo za rock, komanso njira zopangira.
Oimira a hardcore punk subculture amatsutsana ndi malonda a nyimbo, akukonda kutulutsa ma Albums okha. Ndipo mmodzi mwa oimira odziwika kwambiri a gululi anali oimba a gulu la Minor Threat.
Kukula kwa Hardcore Punk ndi Zowopsa Zing'onozing'ono
M'zaka za m'ma 1980, makampani opanga nyimbo ku America adakula kwambiri. M'zaka zingapo, magulu ambiri adawonekera, omwe ntchito zawo zidapitilira mitundu yanthawi zonse. Matalente achichepere sanachite mantha kuyesa mawonekedwe ndi zomwe zili. Zotsatira zake, njira zonyanyira za nyimbo zidawonekera.
Imodzi mwa nyimbo zodziwika kwambiri zazaka zimenezo inali punk rock, yomwe inabwera ku America kuchokera ku UK. M’zaka za m’ma 1970, mtunduwo unasiyanitsidwa ndi mawu aukali ndi maonekedwe achipongwe a oimba amene ankatsutsa maganizo a anthu ambiri.
Ngakhale pamenepo, maziko adabadwa, omwe adakhala gawo lofunikira la gulu la punk rock la m'ma 1980. Ndipo chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za mtunduwo chinali kukana kugwirizana ndi zilembo zazikulu za nyimbo. Chifukwa cha izi, oimba nyimbo za punk adasiyidwa kuti azichita okha.
Oimbawo adakakamizika "kukweza" nyimbo zawo paokha, osapitirira mobisa. Ankaimba ndi makonsati m'gawo la makalabu ang'onoang'ono, zipinda zapansi ndi malo ochitirako makonsati osakhalitsa.
Oimira odziwika kwambiri a malingaliro a DIY anali ma punk ochokera ku America. Zochita zawo zoyimba zidapangitsa kuti pakhale mtundu wina wovuta kwambiri.
Kulengedwa kwa Gulu Laling'ono Laling'ono
M'kati mwa ma punk olimba, oimba ambiri achichepere anayamba kuimba, omwe anali ndi zonena.
Oimbawo anafotokoza maganizo awo pa nkhani ya mphamvu, kupanga mawu owukira ndi mawu aukali. Ndipo limodzi mwa magulu oyamba mu mtunduwo linali gulu lochokera ku Washington, lotchedwa Minor Threat.
Gululi linapangidwa ndi Ian McKay ndi Jeff Nelson, omwe adasewera kale limodzi. Oyimba adatenga nawo gawo mu projekiti ya hardcore punk The Teen Idles, yomwe idatenga chaka chimodzi.
Koma zinali mkati mwa gulu la Minor Threat pamene anakwanitsa kuchita bwino. Posakhalitsa woyimba bass Brian Baker komanso woyimba gitala Lyle Priestal nawonso adalowa nawo pamndandandawo. Pamodzi ndi iwo, McKay ndi Nelson anayamba kubwerezabwereza pamodzi koyamba.
Lingaliro la Zowopsa Zing'onozing'ono
Potsatira malingaliro a DIY, oimbawo adaganiza zopanga zolemba zawo zodziyimira pawokha, zomwe zingawalole kutulutsa ma rekodi popanda thandizo lakunja. Chizindikirocho chinatchedwa Dischord Records ndipo nthawi yomweyo chinadziwika m'magulu a punk rock.
Chifukwa cha zoyesayesa za McKay ndi Nelson, oimba ambiri achichepere adapeza mwayi wotulutsa zolemba zawo zoyambira. Ntchito ya Minor Threat, yotulutsidwa kwa zaka zingapo, idatulutsidwanso pansi pa Dischord Records.
Chinthu chinanso chimene chinasiyanitsa gulu la Minor Threat ndi ochita masewero ena chinali kusakonda kwambiri mankhwala aliwonse oledzeretsa. Oimbawo ankatsutsa mowa, fodya ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zomwe ankaziona ngati zosavomerezeka mkati mwa nyimbo za punk rock. Kuyenda kwa moyo wathanzi kumatchedwa Straight Edge.
Dzinali limalumikizidwa ndi kugunda kwa Minor Threat kwa dzina lomweli, lomwe lakhala nyimbo ya anthu onse omwe ali ndi malingaliro abwino a zinthu. Gulu latsopanoli linayamba kutchuka ku East Coast ya United States. Kenako malingaliro a Straight Edge adazindikirika ndi Europe, ndikuwononga malingaliro omwe nthawi zonse amakhudza rock ya punk.
Malingaliro a Straight Edge anayamba kutsatiridwa osati ndi omvera okha, komanso oimba a punk rock omwe adasankha moyo wathanzi. Chinthu chosiyana ndi mipiringidzo yowongoka chinali mtanda wojambulidwa ndi chikhomo kumbuyo kwa kanjedza.
Kusunthaku kudakali imodzi mwazodziwika kwambiri mumtundu wamtunduwu, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri chikhalidwe chodziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Mosiyana ndi "kugonana, mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi rock ndi roll", "mzere womveka bwino" unawonekera, womwe unapeza othandizira ake.
Zolemba zoyamba
Oimbawo adapanga zolemba zingapo zoyambirira mu Disembala 1980. Makanema ang'onoang'ono a Minor Threat ndi In My Eyes adadziwika mwachangu pakati pa anthu amderali. Ma concert a Minor Threat adayamba kusonkhanitsa mafani ambiri.
Chodziwika bwino cha nyimbo za gululi chinali kuthamanga kwachangu komanso nthawi yayifupi. Kutalika kwa njanji sikunapitirire mphindi imodzi ndi theka.
Atatulutsa nyimbo zambiri zazifupi, kale mu 1981 gululo linaganiza zopuma pang'ono pa ntchito yawo. Izi zidachitika chifukwa cha kuchoka kwa m'modzi mwa omwe adatenga nawo gawo ku Illinois.
Ndipo kokha mu 1983 nyimbo yoyamba (ndi yokhayo) yautali ya Out of Step idawonekera pamashelefu. Nyimboyi imatengedwabe kuti ndi imodzi mwa nyimbo za punk rock.
Kugwa kwa timu
M'chaka chomwecho, gululo linatha, lomwe linkagwirizana ndi kusiyana kwa malingaliro. Ian McKay ngakhale nthawi zambiri anayamba kusokonezedwa ndi ntchito mbali, kulumpha gulu rehearsals. McKay adaganiza zochoka ku chiwawa ndi nkhanza za hardcore, kusiya zochitikazo kamodzi kokha.
Nyimbo zotsatila za Ian McKay ndi mamembala ena agulu
Koma munthu waluso woteroyo sanakhale wopanda ntchito. Ndipo kale mu 1987, McKay analenga yachiwiri bwino gulu Fugazi. Anayenera kupanga kusintha kwina kwamtunduwu. Malinga ndi akatswiri, ndi gulu la Fugazi lomwe linakhala mpainiya mu post-hardcore, yomwe inakhala imodzi mwa nyimbo zazikuluzikulu m'zaka khumi zotsatira. McKay nayenso adatha kugwira ntchito ndi Embrace, Egg Hunt, yemwe sanachite bwino kwambiri ndi omvera.
Pomaliza
Ngakhale kuti gulu linakhalapo kwa zaka zingapo, oimba adatha kubweretsa kwa hardcore punk zinthu zomwe zakhala gawo lake lofunikira kwa zaka zambiri.
Nyimbo za Minor Threat zakhudza magulu opambana monga Afi, H2O, Rise Against and Your Demise.
