The Byrds ndi gulu laku America lomwe linapangidwa mu 1964. Mapangidwe a gululo adasintha kangapo. Koma lero gululi likugwirizana ndi zokonda za Roger McGinn, David Crosby ndi Gene Clark.
Gululi limadziwika ndi mitundu yachikuto ya a Bob Dylan a Mr. Tambourine Man ndi Masamba Anga Akumbuyo, Pete Seeger Turn! Tembenukirani! Tembenukirani! Koma bokosi lanyimbo la gululi silikhala ndi zokonda zake. Kodi mayendedwe ake ndi ati: Ndikumva Bwino Kwambiri, Makilomita asanu ndi atatu pamwamba. Komanso: Chifukwa chake Mukufuna Kukhala Rock 'n' Roll Star.
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa magulu otchuka kwambiri pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1960. Ndizosangalatsa kuti poyamba oimba adapanga nyimbo zamtundu wa rock. Pambuyo pake adasintha njira yawo yopita ku rock rock ndi psychedelic rock. The Sweetheart of the Rodeo collection adasiyana ndi ntchito zina, monga zolemba za rock-rock zimamveka bwino mmenemo.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, gulu la ku America linaphatikizidwa mu Rock ndi Roll Hall of Fame. Gululi lidaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wa ochita bwino kwambiri 50 mu 2004 (malinga ndi magazini ya Rolling Stone). The Byrds adatenga malo olemekezeka a 45.
Mbiri ya kulengedwa ndi kapangidwe ka The Byrds
Zonsezi zinayamba mu 1964. Gululi lidapangidwa ndi oimba akulonjeza: Roger McGinn, David Crosby ndi Gene Clark. Poyamba, atatuwa adachita pansi pa pseudonym yopanga The Beefeaters.
Anyamatawa adalimbikitsidwa ndi nyimbo za Bob Dylan ndi The Beatles. Pambuyo pa machitidwe angapo oyesera, dzina linawonekera, lomwe pambuyo pake linadziwika kwa mamiliyoni ambiri okonda nyimbo. Oimbawo adayamba kuyimba ngati The Byrds.
Dzina latsopano linapatsa atatuwo "mapiko". Dzina lachinyengoli linkasonyeza chidwi cha oimbawo pa nkhani ya ndege. Mitu yandege idakhala maziko a ntchito yawo yoyamba.
Posakhalitsa mamembala atsopano adalowa m'gululi. Tikukamba za woyimba bassist Chris Hillman komanso woyimba ng'oma Michael Clarke. Womalizayo adayimba pa makatoni kwa nthawi yoyamba. Anyamatawo analibe njira zogulira zida zoimbira.
Nyimbo yoyamba yomwe idatulutsidwa ndi The Birds
Mu 1965, nyimbo yoyamba inaperekedwa. Gululo linalemba nyimbo yoyamba pa Dylan's Mr. Munthu wa Tambourine. Nyimboyi idakhala ndi mawu atsopano. Ndipo zosintha zomwe zidapangidwa zidajambula nyimbo!
Oimbawo adasokoneza kuyimba kosagwirizana kwa gitala lazingwe khumi ndi ziwiri komanso mawu omveka ngati a Beach Boys. Inali nyimbo yoyamba ya trackfolk. Munthawi yochepa, adatenga malo a 1 pazithunzi zogulitsa. Otsutsa kwambiri nyimbo anayamba kulankhula za The Byrds.
M'chaka chomwechi, oimba adakulitsa nyimbo zawo ndi chimbale choyamba, Mr. Munthu wa Tambourine. Album yoyamba ndi yosakanikirana, imaphatikizapo nyimbo zanu zonse ndi zolemba zachikuto.
Albumyi idagulitsidwa mochuluka kwambiri. Kupambana koteroko sikunalimbikitse oimba okha, komanso kampani yojambula. Iye analamula kuti msonkhano winanso utulutsidwe chaka chisanathe.
Kale mu Disembala, nyimbo yatsopano idawonekera pamashelefu amasitolo anyimbo. Wotulutsidwa ngati wosakwatiwa, Pete Seeger's Turn! Tembenukirani! Turn!, yomwe inali ndi mawu a Chipangano Chakale, idabweretsa The Byrds kukhala nambala wani pa Billboard Hot 1.
Kutchuka kwambiri kwa The Byrds
Mu 1966, gululo linali lopambana kwambiri komanso lodziwika bwino. Oimbawo anapita kukagonjetsa okonda nyimbo aku London. Panthawiyi, Clark adalemba mawu a nyimbo yotchuka ya Eight Miles High. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, nyimboyi idatsika m'mbiri ngati mwala woyamba wa mwala wa psychedelic.
Ambiri ankaona kuti njanjiyi inali yachilendo. Ndipo owerengeka okha amva chikoka cha nyimbo za ku India. Okonda nyimbo ambiri amati kusamvetsetseka kwa mawu ndi nyimbo kumabwera chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Eight Miles High inaletsedwa ku wailesi zambiri ku United States ndi ku Ulaya kwa nthawi yaitali. Kuphatikizika kotsatirako Fifth Dimension kunawonetsa ziwerengero zotsika mtengo kuposa zomwe zidalipo kale.
Posakhalitsa Gene Clark adaganiza zosiya gululo. Chifukwa cha chisankho cha woimbayo, ena onse oimba adadabwa. Gene adalemba nyimbo zambiri za gululo.
Patapita nthawi, Jin anabwerera ku gululo, koma anakhala kumeneko kwa milungu itatu. Mantha paulendo wandege adasewera nthabwala yankhanza kwa woimbayo. Kukhalapo kwake mu timu kunali kosatheka.
Mu 1967, zojambula za gululi zidawonjezeredwanso ndi chimbale chachinayi cha studio, Younger Than Dzulo. Zolemba, malinga ndi mafani, zimatsitsa pang'ono. Njira zingapo zinali zofooka.
Nthawi imeneyi imadziwika ndi kumenyera ulamuliro. David Crosby anali kuyesera kudzigwetsa bulangeti. Khalidwe la Davide m’gulu lonselo linachititsa mantha ndi kukanidwa. Mwachitsanzo, pa chikondwerero cha Monterey anapempha kuti LSD iperekedwe kwa amayi ndi ana onse.
Kutha kwa The Byrds
Chifukwa cha kusagwirizana mkati, gululo linachoka ku Crosby. Onse mafani ndi mamembala a gulu sanazindikire kwenikweni kuchoka kwake pagululo. Kwenikweni, ndiye adapereka chimbale cha The Notorious Byrd Brothers. Zosonkhanitsazi zimawonedwa ndi otsutsa ambiri kuti ndi imodzi mwazolemba zamphamvu kwambiri za The Byrds.
Malo a Crosby adatengedwa ndi woimba Graham Parsons, mnzake wapamtima wa Keith Richards wochokera ku The Rolling Stones. Mothandizidwa ndi Keith, oimba adalowa nawo gawo latsopano la rock rock. Mwa njira, iyi inali gulu loyamba la rock kuchita ku Nashville, likulu la nyimbo za dziko.
Posakhalitsa nyimbo za gululi zidawonjezeredwanso ndi chimbale china, Sweetheart ku Rodeo. Albumyi idalandiridwa bwino kwambiri ndi mafani. Pokakamizidwa ndi chizindikirocho, mawu a Parsons adachotsedwa m'njira zomwe adasonkhanitsa, ndipo Graham adachoka mofulumira.
Pambuyo pochoka "mzere wagolide" chapakati pa zaka za m'ma 1960, The Byrds idakhala pulojekiti yokhayokha. Ndiye panali nyimbo zolembedwa ndi McGuinn. Mu 1969, McGuinn, mothandizana ndi Gene Clark, adalemba nyimbo ziwiri pansi pa dzina lake kuti amvekere filimu yachipembedzo Easy Rider.
Imodzi mwa njanji Ballad ya Easy Rider pambuyo pake idajambulidwanso ndi The Byrds. Nyimboyi idapatsa dzina latsopanolo. Kutchuka kwa gululi kunali kutsika kwambiri. Palibe nyimbo zoyambilira za 1970 zomwe zidabwereza kupambana kwa mayendedwe am'mbuyomu.
Kuyesera kutsitsimutsa gulu la Mbalame
Mu 1973, otchedwa "golide mzere" wa The Byrds anayesa kutsitsimutsa moyo gulu. Zoyesererazi sizinaphule kanthu. Gululo linathetsedwa, nthawi ino mpaka kalekale.
Zikuoneka kuti sizinathe panobe. Mu 1994, Battin ndi Terry Rogers adaukitsanso gululo. Komabe, tsopano oimba ankaimba pansi pa pseudonym Byrds Celebration. Oyimba awiri atsopano adalowa nawo gululi: Scott Nienhaus ndi Gene Parsons.
Jin anali wokwanira paulendo umodzi wokha. Woimbayo adachoka pagululo. Malo ake adatengedwa ndi Vinnie Barranco, pambuyo pake ndi Tim Politt. Battin ndi munthu womaliza kukhala ndi chilichonse chochita ndi gulu loyambirira la The Byrds. Komabe, "msilikali" uyu adasiya gululo mu 1997 chifukwa cha matenda.
Battin adasinthidwa ndi Curtis. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000, Crosby adagula chizindikiro cha Byrds. Koma akupitiriza kuchita pansi pa pseudonym Younger Than Yesterday - a Tribute to the Byrds.
