Gulu la atsikana a Blues American The Shirelles anali otchuka kwambiri m'ma 1960 azaka zapitazi. Linali ndi anzake anayi a m’kalasi: Shirley Owens, Doris Coley, Eddie Harris ndi Beverly Lee. Atsikanawa adagwirizana kuti achite nawo masewera owonetsa luso omwe adachitikira pasukulu yawo. Pambuyo pake anapitiriza kuchita bwino, pogwiritsa ntchito chithunzi chosazolowereka, chomwe chimafotokozedwa ngati kusiyana pakati pa maonekedwe a sukulu ya sekondale osadziwa zambiri ndi nkhani zogonana zosayenera za machitidwe awo.
Iwo amaonedwa kuti ndi omwe anayambitsa mtundu wamagulu oimba a akazi. Amasiyana chifukwa amazindikiridwa ndi anthu azungu ndi akuda. The Shirelles akhala akuchita bwino kuyambira pachiyambi cha ntchito yawo yoimba, kutenga nawo mbali m'magulu osiyanasiyana olimbana ndi tsankho komanso kuwina mphoto zambiri.
Gululo linalowetsedwa mu Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Adaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wa ojambula 100 otchuka a 2004 chifukwa cha magazini ya Rolling Stone. M’kope lomweli munalinso nyimbo za Will You Love Me Tomorrow ndi Tonight’s the Night pamndandanda wa nyimbo zabwino koposa.
Ntchito yoyambirira ya The Shirelles
Chaka chobadwa cha gululi chimaonedwa kuti ndi 1957. Panthaŵiyi n’kuti anzake a m’kalasi Shirley, Doris, Eddie ndi Beverly asankhe kuchita nawo mpikisano wa talente wa sukulu ku Passaic, New Jersey. Kuchita bwino kunapangitsa kuti Tiara Records akhale ndi chidwi nawo. Poyamba, atsikanawo sanaganizire za ntchito yoimba ndipo sanafulumire kuyankha pempholi. Pambuyo pake adagwirizana zokumana ndikuyamba kugwira ntchito, kuyitana gulu loimba kuti The Shirelles.
Nyimbo yoyamba yomwe idatulutsidwa, I Met Himon Lamlungu, idachita bwino kwambiri ndipo idachoka pawailesi yakanema kupita kudziko lonse, ndikulemba nambala 50. Kuchokera ku Tiara Records, atsikanawa adasamukira ku Decca Records ndi mgwirizano. Mgwirizanowu sunayende bwino, ndipo Decca Records anakana kupitiriza kugwira ntchito ndi gululo.
Kuzindikiridwa ndi kupambana
Kubwerera kwa wopanga wakale, oimba achichepere adapitiliza kutulutsanso nyimbo zakale ndikugwira ntchito zatsopano. Wolemba nyimbo wotchuka Luther Dixon adathandizira kupanga nyimbo imodzi ya Tonight's the Night, yomwe idafika pa nambala 1960 mu 39. Nyimbo yotsatira inalembedwa ndi abwenzi ake Jerry Goffin ndi Carole King. Nyimboyi idatchedwa Will You Love Me Tomorrow ndipo idatchedwa # 1 yomwe idagundidwa ndi magazini ya Billboard.
Mu 1961, chimbale cha Tonight's the Night chinatulutsidwa, chomwe chinali ndi nyimbo zojambulidwa kale. Atsikanawo anayamba kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi wofalitsa wailesi wotchuka Murray Kaufman pa wailesi ya WINS ku New York. Nyimbo zawo zinkamveka nthawi zambiri ndipo zinkakhala ndi maudindo apamwamba pa tchati cha oimba. Ndipo ojambula achichepere anayesa kuwatsanzira.
Kwa zaka ziwiri zotsatira, oimba anapitiriza kuchita mwakhama ndi kulemba nyimbo zatsopano, ngakhale kuti Shirley Owens ndi Doris Coley anatenga nthawi yopuma chifukwa cha dongosolo la moyo wawo. 1963 inali chaka chotanganidwa kwambiri kwa gululo. Nyimbo ya Foolish Little Girl idalowa nawo akatswiri 10 apamwamba a R&B ndipo adatenga nawo gawo pang'ono mu sewero lanthabwala la It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World.
M’chaka chomwecho, anasiyana ndi kampani yawo yojambulira nyimbo, chifukwa anamva kuti nkhani imene ankayenera kusungidwa mpaka akadzakula kulibe. Ndiye panali makhoti, amene anatha patapita zaka ziwiri.
Zaka za Shirelles
Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1960, The Shirelles inayamba kuchepa kutchuka. Izi zinali chifukwa cha kupambana kwa ochita masewera a ku Britain: The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, etc. Komanso, magulu ambiri a amayi adawonekera omwe adapangitsa atsikana kukhala oyenerera mpikisano.
Zinali zovuta kuti atsikanawo azigwira ntchito, chifukwa anapitirizabe kukhala ndi pangano ndi situdiyo yawo yojambulira, ndipo sakanatha kugwirizana ndi ena. Mgwirizano ndi kampaniyo unatha mu 1966. Pambuyo pake, nyimbo ya Last Minute Miracle inalembedwa, yomwe inatenga malo a 99 pazithunzi.
Kulephera kwamalonda kudapangitsa kuti gululi lithe mu 1968. Choyamba, Kolya anachoka, anaganiza zothera nthawi yake kwa banja lake. Mamembala atatu otsalawo anapitirizabe kugwira ntchito ndipo analemba nyimbo zingapo. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, adakonza maulendo angapo komwe ankaimba nyimbo zakale. Coley adabwerera ku 1975 kuti atenge udindo kuchokera kwa Owens ngati woyimba payekha, pamene adaganiza zoimba yekha.
Mu 1982, ataimba pa imodzi mwa zoimbaimba, Eddie Harris anamwalira. Imfa idachitika chifukwa cha matenda amtima ku Atlanta, ku hotelo ya Hyatt Regency.
The Shirelles tsopano
Pakalipano, gulu lakale la gulu kulibe, chifukwa mamembala ake amachita mosiyana. Mtundu womwewo unapezedwa ndi Beverly Lee. Walembanso mamembala atsopano ndipo akuyenda ndi dzina lake lakale. Shirley Owens amachita pawonetsero ndi maulendo pansi pa dzina latsopano la Shirley Alston Reeves ndi The Shirelles. Doris Coley anamwalira mu February 2000 ku Sacramento. Choyambitsa imfa chinali khansa ya m'mawere.
The Shirelles adasiya chizindikiro chodziwika bwino padziko lonse la nyimbo. Wapambana mphoto ndi mphoto zambiri. M’tauni yakwawo, chigawo cha msewu ndi sukulu imene anaphunzira anatchedwa Shirelles Boulevard. Mbiri ya gululi ikufotokozedwa mu nyimbo zoimbira "Mwana, ndiwe!".
