Pa nthawi yomwe Johann Strauss anabadwa, nyimbo zovina zachikale zinkaonedwa ngati mtundu wamba. Nyimbo zoterezi zinkanyozedwa. Strauss adatha kusintha chidziwitso cha anthu. Wolemba waluso, wotsogolera ndi woimba masiku ano amatchedwa "mfumu ya waltz". Ndipo ngakhale mu mndandanda wotchuka TV zochokera buku "The Master ndi Margarita" mukhoza kumva matsenga nyimbo zikuchokera "Spring Voices".
Johann Strauss: Ubwana и unyamata
Tikamalankhula za Strauss, sizikudziwika kuti tikukamba za ndani kwenikweni. Chowonadi ndi chakuti Strauss ndi mzera weniweni wa oimba aluso ndi olemba nyimbo. Johann anatengera talente yake kuchokera kwa mutu wa banja.
Mtsogoleri wa banja anali katswiri woimba violin ndi kondakitala. Anaseweranso waltz modabwitsa. Zoyeserera zake nthawi zambiri zinkachitikira kunyumba, ndipo sanali wotsutsa ngakhale pang’ono kuti anawo ankayesetsa kutsanzira luso lake loimba.
Pamene Johann anakula, bambo okhwima anaona mwana wake osachepera banki. Analetsa ngakhale Strauss Jr. kupanga nyimbo. Tsopano zobwereza zonse zinkachitika mwachinsinsi kuchokera kwa mutu wa banja. Koma mayi anga anaumirira kuti anawo akhale omasuka kuimba piyano ndi kuimba m’kwaya ya tchalitchi.
Mnyamata waluso anaphunzira kuimba violin kuchokera kwa Franz Amon mwiniwake. Bamboyo sanafune kuti mwana wake apite ku gawo la nyimbo. Ankafuna ntchito yovuta kwambiri kwa Strauss. Sanachitire mwina koma kuvomereza pempho la abambo ake. Posakhalitsa anakhala wophunzira pa Polytechnic School. Johann analandira maphunziro a zachuma, amene pambuyo pake anakhala othandiza.
Kutchuka
Pa funde la kutchuka, woyimba wofuna analenga oimba angapo, amene ankaimba mwakhama ndi zoimbaimba mumzinda kwawo. Ataimba nyimbo imodzi yokha, anasamukira kwina. Iye nthawi yomweyo anakhutiritsa chikhumbo cha anthu kuti amve kuchita bwino kwambiri ndikuwonjezera ndalama zake.
Johann atakulitsa luso lake mpaka kukhala katswiri, adakhala mpikisano wokwanira kwa abambo ake. Mkulu wa banjalo ankada nkhawa kwambiri ndi mbiri yake moti anayesetsa kuti mwana wake asalowe m’makoma anayi mokakamiza. Johann ankathandizidwa ndi amayi ake okha. Chifukwa cha ntchito ya Strauss Jr., adasudzula mwamuna wake. Panthawiyo, analibenso banja lathunthu, popeza Strauss Sr. Bambo analanda ana ake omwe ufulu wolandira cholowa.
Bambo ndi mwana analibe maganizo ofanana pa kutengera kusintha zinthu. Choncho, mutu wa banja mosazengereza anali Habsburgs. Johann analemba buku la March of the Insurgents. Masiku ano, nyimbo zomwe zimaperekedwa zimadziwika ndi mafani a nyimbo zachikale monga "Viennese Marseillaise". Pamene zipolowezo zinathetsedwa, Johann Jr. anaimbidwa mlandu. Bambo anasangalala kwambiri mpaka anazindikira kuti omverawo akumana nawo mozizira kwambiri. Iye sanalinso woimba wotchuka. Omvera ankafuna kuona Strauss wachichepere.
Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, pambuyo pa imfa ya abambo ake, ntchito yolenga ya wolemba nyimbo wotchuka inayamba kukula. Johann anayesetsa kuti asakhumudwe ndi mutu wa banja. Anapereka nyimbo zingapo kwa iye.
Njira yolenga ndi nyimbo za wolemba Johann Strauss
Patatha chaka chimodzi atakula, Johann adagula okhestra yake, yomwe adayendera bwino dzikolo. Kuyimba koyamba kwa oimba sikunachitike pamalo abwino kwambiri a nyimbo zachikale. Gulu la okhestra lotsogozedwa ndi Strauss lomwe limayimba kasino. Apanso, bamboyo adatenga nawo gawo pano, omwe adapezerapo mwayi pamalumikizidwe ake kuti mwana wawo asapeze malo ochitira masewera abwino. Anatsekereza khomo lolowera m’nyumba zonse zachifumu ndi m’masaluni.
Udindo wa Johann unakula pambuyo pa imfa ya abambo ake. Ndiye woimba anagwirizanitsa oimba, ngakhale anayamba kuchita mu Franz Josef Palace. Anatsogolera gulu la oimba, lomwe oimba ake ankaimba mosangalala ziwiya za polka ndi waltzes za nyimbo ya katswiriyo. Nthawi zina adalola kuti cholowa cholemera cha Strauss Sr.
Kutchuka kwa Johann kunakula. Anakhala mmodzi mwa oimba otchuka kwambiri panthawiyo. Strauss sanali wokonda kutchuka. Anagawana kutchuka kwake ndi abale ake - Eduard ndi Josef. Anayang'ana pa mfundo yakuti amadziona ngati katswiri wotchuka, ndipo abale ake ndi oimba aluso.
Posakhalitsa, Johann Strauss ankadziwika osati ku Austria kwawo. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kutchuka, idaphimba masamba ambiri m'malo osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Woimba ndi oimba ake anachita mu Czech Republic, Poland ndi Russia. Iye anali ndi mphatso. Sanafunikire kuchita khama kwambiri popanga nyimbo. Nyimbo "zinatuluka kuchokera ku cholembera chake."
Wolemba waku Austrian - woyambitsa waltz ya Viennese. Nyimbo zanyimbo za Melodic zimakhala ndi mawu oyambira, nyimbo za 4-5 ndi mawu omaliza. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, wolemba nyimbo wotchukayu analemba ma waltzes oposa 150. N'zosatheka kupeputsa thandizo lake pakukula kwa nyimbo zachikale.
Ntchito zabwino kwambiri
Nyimbo zodziwika kwambiri za akatswiri aluso ndi nthano zochokera ku Vienna Woods ndi Pa Beautiful Blue Danube. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti nyimbo yomaliza inali yotchuka yotchedwa "Blue Danube". Kwa nthawi yoyamba nyimboyi inamveka pa Chiwonetsero cha World mu likulu la France. Masiku ano, nyimboyi imatengedwa kuti ndi nyimbo yosavomerezeka ya Austria.
Kuphatikiza apo, pakati pa ma waltzes otchuka a Strauss ndi "Voices of Spring". The zikuchokera anachita kwa nthawi yoyamba pa Theatre an der Wien. Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi chakuti Spring Voices waltz imatha kumveka pazochitika zamakono. Mwachitsanzo, m'mayiko a ku Ulaya, zolembazo zimamvetsera pa chikondwerero cha Chaka Chatsopano.
Pamaziko a nyimbo zosakhoza kufa, maestro lero amapanga ma ballet. Nyimbo za Strauss sizimangokhalira nyimbo zamasewera. Akatswiri ali otsimikiza kuti nyimbo zake ziyenera kuonedwa ngati nyimbo zoyambirira zamtengo wapatali.
M'zaka za m'ma 1970, Johann anayamba kulemba operettas. Strauss adapanga mtundu wina wakale. Panali oposa 10 a iwo, komanso ballet ndi comic opera. Ndi mwayi waukulu kwa akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito komanso oyambitsa operettas The Bat kapena The Gypsy Baron.
Posakhalitsa woimbayo, woyimba ndi wotsogolera adayendera United States of America. Anakwanitsa kuchita makonsati 14. Kuphatikiza apo, adalemba mbiri. Mfundo ndi yakuti Strauss anachititsa gulu loimba, kuphatikizapo 1 zikwi oimba. Ulendo umenewu unamuwonongera kontrakitiyo komanso ndalama zambiri.
Moyo wamunthu wa maestro Johann Strauss
Maestro anapita ku Russian Federation kangapo ndi zoimbaimba zake. Kumeneko anakumana ndi mtsikana wokongola, dzina lake Olga Smirnitskaya. Wolemba nyimboyo adamukonda kwambiri ndipo adapempha kuti akwatirane naye. Makolo anatsutsa mgwirizano umenewu. Iwo sanafune kuti mwana wawo wamkazi achoke ku dziko lawo. Strauss adapereka nyimbo ya "Farewell to St. Petersburg" kumalo ake osungiramo zinthu zakale.
Maestro atazindikira kuti wokondedwa wake akukwatiwa, sanapeze malo kwa nthawi yayitali. Strauss adapeza mtendere wamumtima m'manja mwa Henrietta Chalupetskaya. Mayiyo anali ndi mbiri yosangalatsa kwambiri. Iye anabala ana asanu ndi awiri kuchokera kwa amuna osiyanasiyana, ndipo palibe mmodzi wa iwo amene anapatsidwa ulemu kumtenga ngati mkazi wovomerezeka. Kwa Johann, adakhala nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale. Wopeka nyimboyo anauziridwa ndi kukongola kwa woimba wa opera.
Mayiyo anamwalira posachedwa. Strauss sanamve chisoni kwa nthawi yaitali. Sanadzilemeretse yekha ndi udindo wopirira maliro olamulidwa ndi kukwatira Angelica Dietrich. Banjali linatha zaka zisanu pambuyo pake.
Mkazi wotsiriza wa maestro anali wokongola dzina lake Adele Deutsch. Mwamuna wake anamwalira ndipo analandira ndalama zambiri. Chifukwa cha mkazi wake wachiyuda, mkuluyo anasintha chikhulupiriro chake. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, sanakhalepo ndi ana muukwati wake uliwonse.
Pambuyo pa imfa ya Strauss, mkazi wotsiriza anayesa kupitiriza kukumbukira Maestro. M’nyumba imene banjali linkakhala, mkazi wamasiyeyo anapanga nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale. Kumeneko munthu ankatha kuona zida zoimbira zimene wolemba nyimboyo ankaimba, kuzolowerana ndi zizolowezi zake ndi kuphunzira mmene zinthu zilili.
Zosangalatsa za Strauss
- Adalemba nyimbo zopitilira 450.
- Iye analemba nyimbo yake yoyamba "First Thought" ali ndi zaka 6.
- Johann analemba quadrille "Nikolai" polemekeza mfumu ya Russia.
- Dzina la wolembayo limagwirizanitsidwa ndi mfumu ya waltzes, chizindikiro cha unyamata wosasamala komanso chikondi chachikondi.
- Pali zipilala za Strauss ku Australia, Russia ndi Pavlovsk.
Zaka zomaliza za moyo wa wolemba
Strauss m'zaka zomaliza za moyo wake anayesa kupewa zochitika zamagulu. Anakhala moyo wodzipatula. Pa nthawi imeneyo ankangoona pa konsati imodzi - polemekeza chilengedwe cha operetta "Mleme". Pambuyo pake zinapezeka kuti ichi chinali chisankho cholakwika. Pambuyo pa konsati, katswiriyu adadwala.
Anapatsidwa matenda okhumudwitsa a chibayo. Analibe mwayi wokhala ndi moyo. Strauss adasiya dziko lino mu June 1899. Anaikidwa m'manda ku Vienna Central Cemetery.
