Mpainiya wa jazi, Louis Armstrong anali woimba woyamba wofunikira kutuluka mumtunduwo. Ndipo pambuyo pake, Louis Armstrong anakhala woimba wotchuka kwambiri m'mbiri ya nyimbo. Armstrong anali woyimba lipenga wa virtuoso. Nyimbo zake, kuyambira ndi nyimbo zojambulira zomwe adapanga m'zaka za m'ma 1920 ndi nyimbo zodziwika bwino za Hot Five ndi Hot Seven, zidawonetsa tsogolo la jazi mukupanga, kukweza mtima.
Okonda Jazz amamulemekeza chifukwa cha izi. Koma Armstrong wakhalanso munthu wofunika kwambiri mu nyimbo zotchuka. Zonse chifukwa cha kuyimba kwake kodziwika bwino komanso umunthu wokongola. Anawonetsa luso lake muzojambula zamawu ndi maudindo m'mafilimu.
Anapulumuka nthawi ya bebop ya 40s, kukhala wokondedwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Pofika m’zaka za m’ma 50, Armstrong anali kutchuka kwambiri pamene ankayendayenda ku United States. Umu ndi momwe amapezera dzina loti "Ambassador Sutch". Kukwera kwake m'zaka za m'ma 60 ndi nyimbo zodziwika bwino monga "Hello Dolly" wopambana wa Grammy mu 1965 ndi gulu lakale la 1968 la "What a Wonderful World" adalimbitsa cholowa chake ngati chizindikiro chanyimbo ndi chikhalidwe cha nyimbo.
Mu 1972, patatha chaka chimodzi atamwalira, adalandira Mphotho ya Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Momwemonso, zolemba zake zambiri zodziwika bwino, monga West End Blues ya 1928 ndi Mack the Knife ya 1955, adalowetsedwa mu Grammy Hall of Fame.
Ubwana ndi chilakolako choyamba cha nyimbo za Louis Armstrong
Armstrong anabadwa mu 1901 ku New Orleans, Louisiana. Ubwana wake unali wovuta. William Armstrong, bambo ake, anali wogwira ntchito kufakitale yemwe adasiya banja atangobadwa mnyamatayo. Armstrong analeredwa ndi amayi ake, Mary (Albert) Armstrong, ndi agogo ake aakazi. Anasonyeza chidwi choyambirira pa nyimbo, ndipo wogulitsa yemwe ankagwira ntchito ngati wophunzira wa pulayimale anamuthandiza kugula koneti. Pa chida ichi, Louis pambuyo pake adaphunzira kusewera bwino kwambiri.
Armstrong anasiya sukulu ali ndi zaka 11 kuti alowe m'gulu la oimba, koma pa December 31, 1912, anawombera mfuti pa chikondwerero cha Chaka Chatsopano ndipo anatumizidwa kusukulu yokonzanso zinthu. Kumeneko adaphunzira nyimbo ndikusewera makoneti ndi mikanda yagalasi mu gulu la sukulu, ndipo pamapeto pake adakhala mtsogoleri wawo.
Anatulutsidwa pa June 16, 1914 ndipo woimbayo anali kugwira ntchito zakuthupi, kuyesera kuti adziwonetse yekha ngati woimba. Anatengedwa pansi pa mapiko a cornetist Joe "King" Oliver, ndipo Oliver atasamukira ku Chicago mu June 1918, Armstrong adalowa m'malo mwake mu gulu la Kid Ory. Kumayambiriro kwa 1919, adasamukira ku gulu la Fate Marable, kukhalabe ndi Marable mpaka m'dzinja la 1921.
Armstrong anasamukira ku Chicago kuti alowe m'gulu la Oliver mu August 1922 ndipo adajambula koyamba ngati membala wa gululi m'chaka cha 1923. Kumeneko anakwatira Lillian Harden, woimba piyano mu gulu la Oliver, pa February 5, 1924. Iye anali wachiwiri pa akazi ake anayi. Ndi chithandizo chake, adasiya Oliver ndikulowa m'gulu la Fletcher Henderson ku New York, atakhala kumeneko kwa chaka chimodzi, kenako anabwerera ku Chicago mu November 1925 kuti agwirizane ndi Dreamland Syncopators ya mkazi wake. Panthawi imeneyi, adasintha kuchoka ku cornet kupita ku lipenga.
Louis Armstrong: kupeza kutchuka
Armstrong analandira chisamaliro chokwanira payekha kuti apange kuwonekera kwake monga mtsogoleri pa November 12, 1925. Pamgwirizano ndi OKeh Records, adayamba kupanga nyimbo zingapo za situdiyo zokha zotchedwa Hot Fives kapena Hot Sevens.
Iye ankaimba mu konsati ndi oimba otsogozedwa ndi Erskine Tate ndi Carroll Dickerson. Kujambula kwa Hot Fives kwa "Muskrat Ramble" kunapatsa Armstrong kugunda pa Top 1926 mu July XNUMX. The Hot Fives adawonetsanso Kid Ory pa trombone, Johnny Dodds pa clarinet, Lillian Harden Armstrong pa piyano, ndi Johnny St. Cyr pa banjo.
Pofika February 1927, Armstrong anali wotchuka mokwanira kutsogolera gulu lake la Louis Armstrong & His Stompers ku Sunset Cafe ku Chicago. Armstrong sanagwire ntchito ngati mtsogoleri wa gulu mwachizolowezi, koma nthawi zambiri amangopereka dzina lake kumagulu okhazikitsidwa. Mu April, adafika pamwamba pa ma chart ndi kujambula kwake koyamba "Big Butter and Egg Man", duet ndi May Alix.
Adakhala woyimba yekha nyenyezi m'gulu la Carroll Dickerson ku Savoy Ballroom ku Chicago mu Marichi 1928, ndipo pambuyo pake adakhala mtsogoleri wa gululo. Nyimbo imodzi ya "Hotter Than That" inagunda Top 1928 mu May XNUMX, ndikutsatiridwa ndi "West End Blues" mu September, yomwe pambuyo pake inakhala imodzi mwa zojambula zoyamba kuonekera mu Grammy Hall of Fame.
Armstrong anabwerera ku New York ndi gulu lake kupita ku Connie's Inn ku Harlem mu May 1929. Anayambanso kuyimba mu gulu la oimba la Broadway revue Hot Chocolates, ndipo adatchuka ndi nyimbo yake ya "Ain't Misbehavin". Mu Seputembala, kujambula kwake kwa nyimboyi kudalowa m'ma chart, kukhala nyimbo khumi zapamwamba kwambiri.
Louis Armstrong: kusuntha kosalekeza ndikuyenda
Mu February 1930, Armstrong anaimba ndi Louis Russell Orchestra pa ulendo wa Kumwera, ndipo mu May anapita ku Los Angeles, kumene anatsogolera gulu la Sebastian's Cotton Club kwa miyezi khumi yotsatira.
Kenako anapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu lake mu filimu "Ex-flame", anamasulidwa kumapeto kwa 1931. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1932, anali atachoka ku "nyimbo zamitundu" yokhudzana ndi "nyimbo zamitundu" ya OKeh kupita ku cholembera chake chodziwika bwino cha Columbia, pomwe adajambulira nyimbo zisanu zapamwamba zingapo: "Chinatown, My Chinatown" ndi "You Can Depend on Me". kutsatiridwa ndi Marichi yomwe idagunda "All of Me" mu Marichi 5 ndipo ina "Love, You Funny Thing" idagunda ma chart mwezi womwewo.
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1932, Armstrong anabwerera ku Chicago kukaimba ndi gulu lotsogoleredwa ndi Zilner Randolph; gululo kenako linazungulira dziko lonse.
Mu July, Armstrong anapita ku England. Anakhala zaka zingapo zotsatira ku Ulaya, ndipo ntchito yake ya ku America inachirikizidwa ndi mndandanda wa zolemba zakale, kuphatikizapo nyimbo khumi zapamwamba za "Sweethearts on Parade" (August 1932; zinalembedwa December 1930) ndi "Body and Soul" (October 1932; inalembedwa mu October 1930).
Baibulo lake labwino kwambiri la "Hobo, You Can't Ride This Train" linafika pamwamba pa ma chart kumayambiriro kwa 1933. Nyimboyi inalembedwa pa Victor Records.
Louis Armstrong: Bwererani ku USA
Woimbayo atabwerera ku US mu 1935, adasaina ndi Decca Records yomwe idangopangidwa kumene ndipo mwachangu adapeza nyimbo ya Top Ten: "Ndili mu Mood for Love" / "Ndinu Nyenyezi Yanga Yamwayi".
Manejala watsopano wa Armstrong, Joe Glaser, adamupangira gulu. Chiwonetserocho chinachitika ku Indianapolis pa July 1, 1935. Anayendera pafupipafupi zaka zingapo zotsatira.
Analandiranso magawo ang'onoang'ono angapo m'zithunzi zoyenda. Kuyambira ndi Penny wochokera Kumwamba mu December 1936. Armstrong adapitilizanso kujambula ku Decca Studios. Zotsatira zake zinali "Public Melody Number One" (August 1937), "Pamene Oyera Adzalowa" (April 1939) ndi "Simudzakhutitsidwa (Mpaka Mutandisweka Mtima Wanga)" (April 1946), nyimbo yomaliza ndi Ella Fitzgerald, mu nyimbo khumi zapamwamba. Louis Armstrong adabwerera ku Broadway mu nyimbo yaying'ono ya Swingin 'the Dream mu Novembala 1939.
Makontrakitala atsopano ndi mbiri yabwino
Ndi kuchepa kwa nyimbo zovina m'zaka za nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, Armstrong anachotsa gulu lake lalikulu ndikusonkhanitsa gulu laling'ono lotchedwa "His All-Stars", lomwe linayamba ku Los Angeles pa August 13, 1947. Ulendo woyamba wa ku Ulaya kuyambira 1935 unachitika mu February 1948. Ndiye woimbayo wakhala akuyenda padziko lonse lapansi.
Mu June 1951, ntchito yake inagunda zolemba khumi zapamwamba - Satchmo ku Symphony Hall (dzina lake linali Satchmo). Kotero Armstrong adalemba nyimbo yake yoyamba 10 m'zaka zisanu. Inali imodzi "(Pamene Tikuvina) Ndimapeza Malingaliro".
Mbali ya B ya singleyo inali ndi nyimbo yojambulira "A Kiss to Build a Dream On", yoyimba ndi Armstrong mufilimu The Strip. Mu 1993, adadziwikanso pomwe ntchito yake idagwiritsidwa ntchito mufilimu yotchedwa Sleepless in Seattle.
Ntchito ya Armstrong yokhala ndi zolemba zosiyanasiyana
Armstrong anamaliza mgwirizano wake ndi Decca mu 1954, pambuyo pake mtsogoleri wake adapanga chisankho chachilendo kuti asasainire mgwirizano watsopano, koma m'malo mwake kuti alembe Armstrong ngati freelancer kwa malemba ena.
Wotchedwa Satch Plays Fats, msonkho kwa Fats Waller, inali mbiri yapamwamba 1955 yolembedwa ku Columbia mu October 1956. Verve Records adasaina Armstrong ku zolemba zingapo ndi Ella Fitzgerald, kuyambira ndi Ella ndi Louis LP mu XNUMX.
Armstrong anapitiriza kuyendera ngakhale kuti anali ndi vuto la mtima mu June 1959. Mu 1964, adachita zodabwitsa polemba nyimbo yanyimbo ya Broadway Hello, Dolly!, yomwe idafika nambala wani mu Meyi, pambuyo pake nyimboyo idapita golide.
Armstrong adalemba chimbale cha dzina lomweli. Zinamupezera Grammy ya Best Vocal Performance. Kupambana kumeneku kunabwerezedwa padziko lonse patapita zaka zinayi. Ndi kugunda "What a Wonderful World". Armstrong adapambana malo oyamba ku UK mu Epulo 1968. Sizinatengeke kwambiri ku US mpaka 1987. Kenako nyimboyi idagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kanema wa Good Morning Vietnam. Pambuyo pake, idakhala Top 40 hit.
Armstrong adawonetsedwa mufilimu ya 1969 Hello, Dolly! Wojambulayo adaimba nyimboyi mu duet ndi Barbara Streisand. Anayamba kuchita zochepa kwambiri kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 60 ndi kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 70.
Louis Armstrong: mawonekedwe a nyenyezi
Woimbayo anamwalira ndi matenda a mtima mu 1971 ali ndi zaka 69. Chaka chotsatira, adalandira Mphotho ya Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.
Monga wojambula, Armstrong ankadziwika ndi magulu awiri osiyana kwambiri a omvera. Oyamba anali mafani a jazz omwe amamulemekeza chifukwa cha luso lake loyambirira monga woyimba zida. Nthawi zina ankachita manyazi chifukwa chosowa chidwi ndi zochitika zapambuyo pa jazz. Achiwiri ndi mafani a nyimbo za pop. Anthuwa ankagoma kwambiri ndi zimene ankachita. Makamaka ngati woyimba, koma osadziwa tanthauzo lake ngati woimba wa jazi.
Poganizira kutchuka kwake, ntchito yayitali komanso ntchito zambiri zamakalata zomwe wachita m'zaka zaposachedwa, ndizotheka kunena kuti ntchito yake ndi yaluso kwambiri mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyimbo.
