Rodion Shchedrin - luso Soviet ndi Russian kupeka, woyimba, mphunzitsi, ndi anthu. Ngakhale kuti ali ndi zaka zambiri, akupitiriza kupanga ndi kulemba ntchito zabwino kwambiri ngakhale lero. Mu 2021, mphunzitsiyo anapita ku Moscow ndipo analankhula ndi ophunzira a Moscow Conservatory.
Ubwana ndi unyamata wa Rodion Shchedrin
Iye anabadwa chapakati pa December 1932. Rodion anali mwayi kuti anabadwa mu likulu la Russia. Shchedrin adazunguliridwa ndi nyimbo kuyambira ali mwana. Mtsogoleri wa banja anamaliza maphunziro awo ku seminare. Komanso, ankakonda kuimba nyimbo ndipo anali ndi mawu omveka.
Bambowo sankagwira ntchito mwaukadaulo. Posakhalitsa adalowa mu Moscow Conservatory ndipo adatchulidwa kuti ndi mmodzi mwa ophunzira aluso kwambiri pamtsinje wake. Amayi a Rodion ankakondanso nyimbo, ngakhale kuti analibe maphunziro apadera.
Rodion anaphunzira pa sukulu ya Moscow Conservatory, koma nkhondo inamulepheretsa kumaliza maphunziro ake. Patapita nthawi, analembetsa kusukulu ya kwaya, kumene bambo ake anapita kukagwira ntchito. M'malo ophunzirira, adalandira chidziwitso chabwino kwambiri. Kumapeto kwa sukulu Rodion ankawoneka ngati katswiri woimba piyano.
Maphunziro a Shchedrin ku Conservatory
Kenako ankayembekezera kuphunzira ku Moscow Conservatory. Mnyamatayo anasankha yekha dipatimenti yolemba ndi limba. Iye ankaimba mwaluso chida choimbira moti anaganiza zosiya dipatimenti yoimba. Mwamwayi, makolo ake anamuletsa ku dongosolo limeneli.
Iye ankakonda osati nyimbo za oimba akunja ndi Russian, komanso wowerengeka luso. M'gulu limodzi, adalumikizana bwino kwambiri zamakedzana ndi nthano. M'chaka cha 63 cha zaka zapitazi, maestro adapereka konsati yake yoyamba, yotchedwa "Naughty ditties".
Posakhalitsa anakhala membala wa Union of Composers. Pamene ankatsogolera gululi, ankayesetsa kuthandiza anthu oimba nyimbo. Maestro adapitilira munjira yabwino kulimbikitsa dongosolo la mtsogoleri wakale - Shostakovich.
Ntchito ya Rodion Shchedrin, mosiyana ndi olemba ena ambiri a Soviet, idakula modabwitsa. Mwamsanga adapeza kutchuka ndi kuzindikirika, pakati pa mafani komanso pakati pa anzawo.
Rodion Shchedrin: kulenga njira
Aliyense zikuchokera Shchedrin ankaona payekha, ndipo ndi mmene kukongola kwa ntchito zake. Rodion sanayesepo kukondweretsa otsutsa nyimbo, zomwe zinamulola kuti apange ntchito zapadera komanso zosasinthika. Akunena kuti m'zaka zapitazi za 15-20 adasiya kuwerenga ndemanga za ntchito yake.
Amapanga nyimbo zochokera ku Russian classics bwino kwambiri. Ngakhale Rodion amalemekeza ntchito zakale zakunja, amakhulupirirabe kuti muyenera "kuyenda" panjira yopunthidwa.
Malinga ndi Shchedrin, opera adzakhala ndi moyo kosatha. Mwina chifukwa cha izi, adapanga zisudzo 7 zaluso. Sewero loyamba la woimbayo limatchedwa Osati Chikondi Chokha. Vasily Katanyan anathandiza Rodion ntchito pa zikuchokera nyimbo.
Kuwonekera koyamba kwa opera kunachitika ku Bolshoi Theatre. Imayendetsedwa ndi Evgeny Svetlanov. Chifukwa cha kutchuka, maestro amapanga ntchito zina zodziwika bwino.
Anagwiranso ntchito pa mawu. Makwaya asanu ndi limodzi ochokera ku Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" amafunikira chidwi chapadera, komanso nyimbo za cappella.
Pa ntchito yake, Shchedrin sanatope kuyesera. Sanadzilowetsepo. Chifukwa chake, adadziwikanso ngati wolemba filimu.
Anapeka nyimbo za mafilimu angapo a A. Zarkhi. Kuwonjezera apo, adagwirizana ndi otsogolera Y. Raizman ndi S. Yutkevich. Ntchito za maestro zikuwonetsedwa muzojambula "Cockerel-Golden Scallop" ndi "Gingerbread Man".
Tsatanetsatane wa moyo wa wolemba
Rodion Shchedrin amatcha ballerina wokongola Maya Plisetskaya mkazi wamkulu wa moyo wake. Anakhala m’banja lolimba kwa zaka zoposa 55. Wopeka nyimboyo anadzaza mkazi wake ndi mphatso zamtengo wapatali. Kuwonjezera apo, adapereka nyimbo kwa amayi.
Maya ndi Rodin anakumana kunyumba ya Lily Brik. Lily analangiza Rodion kuti ayang'ane Plisetskaya, yemwe, m'malingaliro ake, kuwonjezera pa kuvina kwa ballroom, anali ndi phokoso lathunthu. Koma tsiku loyamba linachitika patapita zaka zingapo. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, achinyamata sanapatuke.
Mwa njira, mwamunayo sanade nkhawa ndi mfundo yakuti motsutsana ndi maziko a Maya, nthawi zonse amakhala kumbuyo. Aliyense adalankhula za iye ngati mkazi wa ballerina wamkulu. Koma mkazi yekha ankachitira Rodion osachepera mulungu. Izo zimamukonda iye ndi zabwino zonse ndi kuipa kwake.
Rodion analota ana wamba. Kalanga, sanawonekere muukwati uwu. Kwa woimbayo, mutu wa kusowa kwa ana muukwati wakhala "wodwala", choncho sankafuna kuyankha mafunso "opweteka" a atolankhani ndi anzawo.
Banja la Shchedrin lakhala likudziwika bwino. Kotero, panali mphekesera kuti Rodion Maria Shell anapereka nyumba yowoneka bwino ku Munich. Wolembayo mwiniwakeyo nthawi zonse amakana kuti akupereka malo, koma sanakane kuti anali mabwenzi enieni ndi mabanja a Shell.
Koma, pambuyo pake Rodion adagawana zambiri. Zinapezeka kuti Maria ankakondana naye mobisa. Pambuyo pake, mkaziyo adavomereza chikondi chake kwa maestro, koma malingaliro ake sanali ofanana. Ammayi ngakhale anayesa kudzipha yekha chifukwa Shchedrin.
Rodion Shchedrin: masiku athu
Makamaka pachikumbutso cha woimbayo mu 2017, filimuyo "Passion for Shchedrin" inatulutsidwa. M’mizinda yambiri ya ku Russia munali chikondwerero cholemekeza Woipeka Wolemekezeka wa Chitaganya cha Russia. Pachikondwerero chake, adatulutsa "Composition for the choir. A cappella".
Salowa ma contract atsopano. Rodion amavomereza kuti chaka chilichonse amakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa ndipo lero ndi nthawi yosangalala ndi zipatso za zomwe adapeza pa ntchito yake yolenga. Koma, izi sizimapatula mfundo yolemba nyimbo zatsopano. Mu 2019, adapatsa otsatira ake ntchito yatsopano. Tikukamba za "Misa ya Chikumbutso" (kwa kwaya yosakanikirana).
Mu 2019, Mariinsky Theatre inapitiriza mgwirizano wake ndi woimba ndi kupanga opera Lolita. Mu 2020, opera ina inachitika m'bwalo la zisudzo. Ndi za Miyoyo Yakufa. Masiku ano amathera nthawi yambiri ku Germany.
Mu 2021, adabwerera ku Moscow Conservatory, komwe adamaliza maphunziro ake zaka makumi asanu zapitazo. Shchedrin adapereka nyimbo yake yatsopano yakwaya "Rodion Shchedrin. Zaka makumi awiri ndi chimodzi ... ", lofalitsidwa ndi Chelyabinsk yosindikiza nyumba MPI.
Msonkhano wakulenga wa maestro, yemwe adayendera ku Russia kwa nthawi yoyamba pa mliriwu, udachitikira muholo ya Rachmaninov, yodzaza ndi ophunzira ndi aphunzitsi.
