Aliyense akudziwa kuti Sex Pistols ndi ndani - awa ndi oimba oyambirira a British punk rock. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, The Clash ndi woimira wowala kwambiri komanso wopambana kwambiri wa rock ya British punk.
Kuyambira pachiyambi, gululi linali lopangidwa kale kwambiri mu nyimbo, kukulitsa nyimbo zawo zolimba ndi reggae ndi rockabilly.
Gululi ladalitsidwa ndikuchita bwino, kukhala ndi olemba nyimbo awiri apadera pagulu lawo lankhondo - Joe Strummer ndi Mick Jones. Oimba onsewa anali ndi mawu abwino kwambiri, zomwe zinathandizanso kuti gululo liziyenda bwino.
Gulu la Clash makamaka lidadziyika ngati zigawenga, oukira. Zotsatira zake, oimba apeza mafani okonda mbali zonse za Atlantic.
Ngakhale kuti adakhala pafupifupi ngwazi za rock ndi roll ku UK, achiwiri kwa The Jam pakutchuka.
Zinatenga oimba zaka zingapo kuti "athyole" mu bizinesi yawonetsero yaku America. Pamene anachita zimenezi mu 1982, anaphulitsa ma chart onse m’miyezi yochepa chabe.
The Clash sanakhale wapamwamba yemwe amafuna kukhala. Komabe, oimbawo anakokera ku rock ndi roll ndi zionetsero.
Mbiri ya kulengedwa kwa The Clash
The Clash, yemwe nthawi zonse ankayimba za kusintha ndi gulu la ogwira ntchito, anali ndi chiyambi chodabwitsa cha rock. Joe Strummer (John Graham Mellor) (wobadwa pa Ogasiti 21, 1952) adakhala nthawi yayitali yaubwana wake kusukulu yogonera.
Pamene anali ndi zaka za m'ma 20, anali akungoyendayenda m'misewu ya London ndipo anapanga gulu loimba lotchedwa 101's mu pub.
Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, Mick Jones (wobadwa 26 June 1955) adatsogola gulu lolimba la rock la London SS. Mosiyana ndi Strummer, Jones adachokera ku Brixton komwe kunali anthu ogwira ntchito.
Ali wachinyamata, anali mu rock and roll, kupanga London SS ndi cholinga chobwereza phokoso lamphamvu la magulu monga Mott the Hoople ndi Faces.
Mnzake waubwana wa Jones a Paul Simonon (wobadwa pa Disembala 15, 1956) adalowa nawo gululi ngati bassist mu 1976. Pambuyo pomvera Pistols Zogonana; adalowa m'malo mwa Tony James, yemwe pambuyo pake adalowa nawo gulu la Sigue Sigue Sputnik.
Atachita nawo nyimbo za Sex Pistols mu konsati, Joe Strummer adaganiza koyambirira kwa 1976 kuti athetse ma 101's kuti atsatire njira yatsopano yoyimba.
Anasiya gululi atatsala pang'ono kutulutsa nyimbo yawo yoyamba ya Keys to Your Heart. Pamodzi ndi woyimba gitala Keith Levene, Strummer adalowa nawo gulu lopangidwanso la London SS, lomwe tsopano limatchedwa The Clash.
Kuyamba kwa The Clash
The Clash adasewera chiwonetsero chawo choyamba m'chilimwe cha 1976 pothandizira Sex Pistols ku London. Levine adasiya gululi atangoyamba kumene.
Posakhalitsa, gulu loimbalo linayamba ulendo wawo woyamba. The Anarchy Tour Pistols, yomwe inayamba kumapeto kwa 1976, inali ndi makonsati atatu okha.
Komabe, m'kanthawi kochepa, gulu adatha kumaliza mgwirizano wawo woyamba mu February 1977 ndi kampani British CBS.
Gululo linalemba chimbale chawo choyamba kumapeto kwa sabata zitatu. Kujambulirako kutatha, Terry Chimes adasiya gululi ndipo Topper Headon adalowa nawo gulu ngati woyimba ng'oma.
M'chaka, nyimbo yoyamba ya gulu la The Clash White Riot ndi chimbale chodzitcha yekha adatulutsidwa kuti apambane ndikugulitsa ku UK, ndikufika pachimake 12 pama chart.
Nkhono yaku America ya CBS idaganiza kuti The Clash sinali yoyenera kuseweredwa pawailesi, motero adaganiza zosiya kutulutsa chimbalecho.
White Riot Big Tour
Kufunika kwa mbiriyo kunakhala mbiri yogulitsidwa kwambiri kuposa nthawi zonse. Nyimboyi itangotulutsidwa, gululi lidayamba ulendo wautali wa White Riot wothandizidwa ndi The Jam ndi Buzzcocks.
Chiwonetsero chachikulu paulendowu chinali konsati ku London's Rainbow Theatre, komwe gululo linagulitsa kwenikweni. Paulendo wa White Riot, CBS idachotsa nyimbo ya Remote Control mu chimbale ngati imodzi. Poyankha, The Clash idalemba Kuwongolera Kwathunthu ndi chithunzi cha reggae Lee Perry.
Mavuto ndi malamulo
M’chaka chonse cha 1977, Strummer ndi Jones anali akutuluka m’ndende chifukwa chamilandu yaing’ono yosiyanasiyana, kuyambira kuwononga katundu mpaka kuba pillowcase.
Panthawi imeneyi, Simonon ndi Khidon anamangidwa chifukwa chowombera nkhunda ndi zida za pneumatic.
Chithunzi cha The Clash chidalimbikitsidwa kwambiri ndi zochitika izi, koma gululi lidayambanso kuchita nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mwachitsanzo, oimba adaimba pa konsati ya Rock Against Racism.
Nyimbo imodzi (White Man) In Hammersmith Palais, yomwe idatulutsidwa m'chilimwe cha 1978, idawonetsa chidwi cha gululo pakuwonjezeka kwa anthu.
Patangopita nthawi yochepa yomwe idakwera nambala 32, The Clash idayamba kugwira ntchito pa chimbale chawo chachiwiri. Wopanga anali Sandy Perlman, yemwe kale anali wa Blue Öyster Cult.
Perlman adabweretsa kwa Give 'Em Enough Rope mawu aukhondo koma amphamvu omwe amayenera kulanda msika wonse waku America. Tsoka ilo, "kupambana" sikunachitike - chimbalecho chinafika pa nambala 128 pazithunzi za US m'chaka cha 1979.
Nkhani yabwino inali yakuti mbiriyo inali yotchuka kwambiri ku UK, ikuyamba pamwamba pa ma chart.
Tiyeni tiyende!
Kumayambiriro kwa 1979, The Clash adayamba ulendo wawo woyamba waku America, Pearl Harbor '79.
Chilimwe chimenecho, gululo linatulutsa EP yokhayo yaku UK, The Cost of Living, yomwe inali ndi chivundikiro cha Bobby Fuller Four I Fought the Law ("Ndinalimbana ndi Chilamulo").
Kutsatira kutulutsidwa kwa chilimwe chakumapeto kwa The Clash in America, gululi lidayamba ulendo wachiwiri waku US, ndikulemba Mickey Gallagher wa Ian Dury & Blockheads ngati woyimba keyboard.
Ulendo woyamba ndi wachiwiri waku US ndi The Clash adawonetsanso ojambula a R&B monga Bo Diddley, Sam & Dave, Lee Dorsey ndi Screamin 'Jay Hawkins, komanso woyimba nyimbo zakudziko Joe Ely ndi gulu la punk rockabilly la Cramps.
London ikuyitana
Kusankhidwa kwa ojambula ojambula adawonetsa kuti The Clash anali mu rock 'n' roll yakale ndi nthano zake zonse. Chilakolako ichi ndi chomwe chidapangitsa kuti ayambe kupanga nyimbo ziwiri za London Calling.
Yopangidwa ndi Guy Stevens, yemwe kale ankagwira ntchito ndi Mott the Hoople, chimbalecho chili ndi masitaelo osiyanasiyana kuyambira rockabilly ndi R&B mpaka rock ndi reggae.
Album iwiriyi inagulitsidwa pamtengo wa mbiri imodzi, yomwe, ndithudi, inali ndi zotsatira zabwino pa kutchuka kwake. Mbiriyi idayamba pa nambala 9 ku UK kumapeto kwa 1979 ndipo idafika pa nambala 27 ku US kumapeto kwa 1980.
Sandinista!
Clash idayendera US, UK ndi Europe koyambirira kwa 1980s.
M'nyengo yotentha, gululo linatulutsa nyimbo imodzi yokha ya Bankrobber, yomwe oimba adajambula pamodzi ndi DJ Mikey Dread. Nyimboyi idapangidwira omvera achi Dutch okha.
Pofika kugwa, ogwirizana ndi UK a CBS adakakamizika kumasula imodzi chifukwa chofuna kutchuka. Posakhalitsa, gululo lidapita ku New York kukayambitsa njira yovuta komanso yayitali yojambulira kutsatira ku London Calling.
EP ya US idatulutsidwa mu Novembala yotchedwa Black Market Clash. Mwezi wotsatira, nyimboyi idakhazikitsidwa ndi chimbale chachinayi cha gululi, Sandinista!, chomwe chidatulutsidwa nthawi imodzi ku US ndi UK.
Zovuta kwambiri pa albumyi zidasakanikirana, ndipo otsutsa aku America adayankha bwino kuposa anzawo aku Britain.
Kuphatikiza apo, omvera a gulu ku UK achepa pang'ono - Sandinista! inali mbiri yoyamba ya gululi kugulitsa bwino ku US kuposa ku UK.
Atakhala nthawi yambiri ya 1981 paulendo, The Clash adaganiza zojambulitsa chimbale chawo chachisanu ndi wopanga Glyn Jones. Uyu ndi wopanga wakale wa The Rolling Stones, The Who ndi Led Zeppelin.
Headon adachoka mgululi atangomaliza maphunzirowo. M’mawu ake atolankhani akuti adatsanzikana ndi gululi chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa ndale. Pambuyo pake zidadziwika kuti kutha kwake kudachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Gululo lidalowa m'malo mwa Headon ndi woyimba ng'oma wakale, Terry Chimes. Kutulutsidwa kwa Album Combat Rock kunachitika m'chaka. Chimbalecho chinakhala chimbale chopambana kwambiri cha The Clash.
Idalowa m'ma chart aku UK pa nambala 2 ndikugunda pamwamba khumi pama chart aku US koyambirira kwa 1983 ndi kugunda kwa Rock the Casbah.
Kugwa kwa 1982, The Clash adachita ndi The Who paulendo wawo wotsazikana.
Kulowa kwadzuwa kwa ntchito yopambana
Ngakhale The Clash anali pachimake pazamalonda mu 1983, gululi lidayamba kugwa.
M'chaka, Chimes adasiya gululo ndipo adasinthidwa ndi Pete Howard, yemwe kale anali membala wa Cold Fish. M'nyengo yachilimwe, gululi lidatsogolera Chikondwerero cha America ku California. Uku kunali kuwonekera kwawo kwakukulu komaliza.
Mu Seputembala, Joe Strummer ndi Paul Simonon adathamangitsa Mick Jones chifukwa "adachoka ku lingaliro loyambirira la Clash". Jones adapanga Big Audio Dynamite chaka chotsatira. Panthawiyo, The Clash inalemba ganyu Vince White ndi Nick Sheppard.
Mu 1984, gulu anayendera America ndi Europe, "kuyesa" mzere watsopano. Gulu lotsitsimutsidwa la The Clash lidatulutsa chimbale chawo choyamba, Cut the Crap, mu Novembala. Albumyi inakumana ndi ndemanga zoipa kwambiri ndi malonda.
Kumayambiriro kwa 1986, Strummer ndi Simonon adaganiza zothetsa gululo. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, Simonon adapanga gulu la rock Havana 3 AM. Adatulutsa chimbale chimodzi chokha mu 1991, atatulutsa chimbale chomwe adayang'ana kwambiri pakupenta.
Kenako woimbayo anachita chidwi ndi mafilimu a kanema, kuwonekera mu "Straight to Hell" ya Alex Cox (1986) ndi "Mystery Train" ndi Jim Jarmusch (1989).
Strummer adatulutsa chimbale chayekha Earthquake Weather mu 1989. Posakhalitsa, adalowa nawo The Pogues ngati woyimba gitala komanso woyimba nyimbo. Mu 1991, iye anapita mwakachetechete mu mithunzi.
chipinda yakadziwikidwe
Gululi lidalowetsedwa mu Rock and Roll Hall of Fame mu Novembala 2002 ndipo adakonzekera kuyanjananso. Komabe, gululi silinakonzedwenso kupeza mwayi wachiwiri. Strummer anamwalira mwadzidzidzi ndi matenda a mtima obadwa nawo pa December 22, 2002.
Pazaka khumi zotsatira, Jones ndi Simonon anali okangalika pantchito yoimba. Jones adapanga nyimbo zonse ziwiri za gulu lodziwika bwino la rock la Libertines, pomwe Simonon adagwirizana ndi Blur's (Damon Albarn).
Mu 2013, gululi lidalengeza kutulutsidwa kwa ntchito yayikulu yosungira zakale yotchedwa Sound System. Zimaphatikizaponso kukonzanso kwatsopano kwa Albums zisanu zoyambirira za gululi, ma CD atatu owonjezera omwe sapezeka, osakwatiwa ndi ma demo, ndi DVD.
Pamodzi ndi bokosi lokhazikitsidwa, gulu latsopano, The Clash Hits Back, linatulutsidwa.
